共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 154 毫秒
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含膦磺酸基共聚物PAMPS的合成及阻垢性能研究 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
利用实验方法合成了含膦磺酸基共聚物PAMPS,通过正交试验评价优选出最佳合成条件,对其阻垢性能进行了评价。将含膦磺酸基共聚物PAMPS与HEDP和含膦基共聚物PCA进行了比较,结果表明,当PAMPS用量为10mg/L时,阻止碳酸钙结垢率达到83.73%,优于同等条件下HEDP与PCA阻止碳酸钙结垢率;当PAMPS用量达到3mg/L时,阻垢率达到98.32%,对硫酸钙的阻垢性能优于HEDP和PCA。同时还可看出,含膦磺酸基共聚物PAMPS对阻止碳酸钙结垢具有低剂量效应,对阻止硫酸钙结垢具有低剂量效应和溶限效应。这说明PAMPS是一种优良的阻垢分散剂。 相似文献
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水基钻井压滤液富含各类有机添加剂,色度大、矿化度高、处理难,严重影响生态环境的安全性。文章分析了某油田废水基钻井压滤液的性质,利用自制和市售的季铵盐型水处理剂对其处理,考察了两种药剂投加量对压滤液色度、总有机碳(TOC)、化学需氧量(COD)、阴离子的处理效果。结果表明,在投加量为6 mL/L时,色度、TOC、COD达到最佳去除率,分别为98.01%,54.1%和29.9%,对阴离子SO42-和Cl-的去除率分别达到40.6%和21.9%。Zeta电位结果表明,自制型水处理剂能对胶体发生电中和作用,长链结构能起到吸附和架桥作用,有效实现了污染物的快速絮凝沉降。此外,与购置的水处理剂性能及药剂成本对比,发现合成的水处理剂具有更好的处理效果,并展现出低廉的药剂成本。 相似文献
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文南油田注水管线防污染清洗技术研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对文南油田注水管线内壁结垢对油田注水的危害,以及管线常规清洗中存在的环境污染和硫化氢中毒问题,进行了注水管线防污染清洗技术的研究。通过分析消除硫化氢的反应机理,配制了三种常规清洗剂和两组硫化氢抑制剂,并将清洗剂与抑制剂复配后进行脱垢实验,从而优选出最佳复配剂(MF-1-B),经过现场试验,排酸口空气中硫化氢浓度为3~5mg/m3。防污染清洗技术的开发应用使文南油田注水管网得到了及时、全面的清洗,水质达标率由清洗前的30%上升到100%。 相似文献
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目的 海上风电电器设备安全运行是维持风机稳定运行的核心,因此,其防护尤为重要,而气相防锈技术以不挑设备形状、无孔不入等优势成为电器设备防护的主要方式之一,然而电器设备涉及的金属材料较多,各种防锈成分可能存在不相容问题,反而导致部分金属发生腐蚀促进现象,因此,需要准确判断各个成分对常用金属材料的缓蚀性。方法 本文主要通过浸泡试验以及电化学测试研究气相防锈材料对钢(Q235)、铜、锌、铝四种金属的缓蚀性研究,为多金属复合防锈剂的选配提供数据支持。结果 通过对四种金属在十种常用气相防锈成分中浸泡腐蚀研究,结果发现,苯丙三唑、水溶性羊毛脂、十二烷基磺酸钠对四种金属均具有良好的缓蚀效果,其他成分均有对某一金属具有腐蚀促进作用,通过电化学测试发现二甲基咪唑、酒石酸钾钠、柠檬酸钠对Q235具有良好的缓蚀效果,但酒石酸钾钠、柠檬酸钠对锌腐蚀促进效果较强。苯并三唑对铜、锌具有明显的缓蚀效果,而司盘40对铝表现出良好的缓蚀效果。结论 多金属用气相防锈材料复配应尽可能选择防锈效果良好且对其他金属相容性更好的成分,并选择缓蚀机理相同或相似的成分,通过协同效果增大缓释效率,达到良好的防锈性能。 相似文献
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采用催化氧化微电解技术和复配杀菌剂对渤海某钻采平台含油废水进行实验,结果表明:曝气0.5 h、静置24 h后废水中硫化物的去除率达到98.5%;复配杀菌剂HD-1对原废水和脱硫后的废水中SRB的杀灭效果良好,且具有较好的缓蚀效果与水质配伍性。经实验室微电解脱硫、重力分离和杀菌后,废水中硫化物、悬浮固体含量、SRB含量和平均腐蚀速率达到SY/T 5329—2012《碎屑岩油藏注水水质指标及分析方法》的要求。 相似文献
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This study focused on using scale inhibitors for calcium sulfate that are not only highly effective, but also comply with
present restrictive environmental control legislations. In this respect, some biodegradable compounds-based biopolymers, such
as carboxymethyl starch (CMS), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and chitosan (Ch), were evaluated at temperatures 90–95 and
130°C. The results obtained were compared with the performance of polyaspartic acid (PAA), which is well known in this application,
as well as other chelating synthetic polymers (polyacrylamide and amphoteric polyacrylamide). The role of the degree of substitution
(DS) of carboxymethylated biopolymer and the charge density of polyacrylamide (AmPAM-30 and AmPAM-50) on inhibition performance
of scale were also examined. The synergistic effect of PAA with investigated inhibitors was studied for economic and environmental
purposes. The results revealed that both the degree of substitution of carboxymethylated biopolymers and charge density of
polyacrylamide have a profound effect on improving the performance of the investigated scale inhibitors. The efficiency values
were correlated to the thermal degradation behavior (TGA) of biopolymers. PAA had the highest synergistic effect of all investigated
inhibitors, where the inhibition efficiency was found to range from 98% to 100%, at a temperature of 130°C, with low doses
of both PAA (2 ppm) together with biopolymers. This efficiency is observed using 20–40 ppm of PAA. The synergistic effect
of PAA (2 ppm) also showed enhancement of the performance of low doses of polyacrylamides (5 ppm) in maintaining soluble Ca2+ in solutions, increasing the efficiency from ∼57% to ∼100%, as well as its ecotoxicological property. 相似文献
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Howard G. Halverson David R. DeWalle William E. Sharpe 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1984,20(6):859-864
Precipitation and runoff samples were collected for 13 storms in a nonindustrial urban area in Central Pennsylvania between July 1980 and June 1981. Runoff was collected from tree surfaces, a residential roof and street, a shopping mall parking lot, a downtown business district alley, and a heavily traveled street. Analysis of the water samples showed 10 to 25 percent of the nitrogen, 25 percent of the sulfate, and less than 5 percent of the phosphorus, potassium, and calcium in water below a tree was deposited by the precipitation. The residential roof caused insignificant changes in water chemistry. The results for the four paved areas showed that all the nitrogen, and from 16 to 40 percent of the sulfate and 13, 4, and 2 percent of the phosphorus, potassium, and calcium, respectively, in runoff was deposited by the precipitation. Precipitation can also be an important source of sulfate and phosphorus in runoff. All of the surfaces raised the pH of the runoff, with the largest increases, from a pH of 4 to about 7, occurring in runoff from the paved areas. Precipitation and runoff chemistry was not related to antecedent conditions such as the length of the preceding dry period. 相似文献
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研究了天然高分子改性两性水处理剂CGAC在1mol/LHCl中对A3钢的缓蚀性能,讨论了药剂投加量、温度和药剂在酸中存放时间对缓蚀性能的影响。结果表明药剂CGAC具有较好的缓蚀性能,在CGAC投加量为60mg/L时,缓蚀率达96.6%,且具有长效缓蚀性能。初步分析CGAC是吸附成膜型缓蚀剂,其吸附在金属表面后增大了腐蚀的表观活化能。 相似文献
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Sulfate removal from waste chemicals by precipitation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Chemical oxidation using Fenton's reagent has proven to be a viable alternative to the oxidative destruction of organic pollutants in mixed waste chemicals, but the sulfate concentration in the treated liquor was still above the acceptable limits for effluent discharge. In this paper, the feasibility of sulfate removal from complex laboratory wastewaters using barium and calcium precipitation was investigated. The process was applied to different wastewater cases (two composite samples generated in different periods) in order to study the effect of the wastewater composition on the sulfate precipitation. The experiments were performed with raw and oxidized wastewater samples, and carried out according to the following steps: (1) evaluate the pH effect upon sulfate precipitation on raw wastewaters at pH range of 2-8; (2) conduct sulfate precipitation experiments on raw and oxidized wastewaters; and (3) characterize the precipitate yielded. At a concentration of 80 g L(-1), barium precipitation achieved a sulfate removal up to 61.4% while calcium precipitation provided over 99% sulfate removal in raw and oxidized wastewaters and for both samples. Calcium precipitation was chosen to be performed after Fenton's oxidation; hence this process configuration favors the production of higher quality precipitates. The results showed that, when dried at 105 degrees C, the precipitate is composed of hemidrate and anhydrous calcium sulfate ( approximately 99.8%) and trace metals ( approximately 0.2%: Fe, Cr, Mn, Co, Ag, Mg, K, Na), what makes it suitable for reuse in innumerous processes. 相似文献