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选取某三级海域A平台钻井过程中离心机出口的油基钻屑开展电磁热脱附实验,分析实验过程中脱附温度、脱附时间对钻屑干渣含油量的影响规律,在此基础上优化设备运行参数:脱附温度300℃,脱附时间40 min,在此条件下,干渣含油量可达到0.84%。根据参数优化结果对现场应用进行指导,结果表明:一次性进料1 t,实际脱附温度300~320℃,脱附时间40 min,实际干渣含油量1.30%~1.70%;A平台电磁热脱附设备运行86 d,共处理油基钻屑1 116.40 t,平均处理量12.98 t/d,最大处理量21.70 t/d;油基钻屑在海上平台进行热脱附处理,实现了无害化处理,资源化利用,经济效益最大化。为提高设备处理能力,建议提高设备稳定性和增加预加热模块,为确保处理后尾气连续达标排放,建议增加尾气实时检测系统。 相似文献
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我国大部分给水处理厂主要采用混凝-沉淀-过滤-消毒的常规处理工艺,该工艺对有机物、氨氮等去除效果有限,同时存在消毒副产物残留等问题。根据我国经济发展现状,分析了常规处理工艺的改进措施,包括对常规工艺进行强化,在常规处理工艺之前增加预吸附和预氧化,在常规处理工艺之后增加臭氧-生物活性炭吸附、膜处理等。这些措施在保留原处理工艺的基础上,通过调整操作条件或增加处理设施来改善出水水质,具有投资少、见效快的特点。 相似文献
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我国大部分给水处理厂主要采用混凝-沉淀-过滤-消毒的常规处理工艺,该工艺对有机物、氨氮等去除效果有限,同时存在消毒副产物残留等问题。根据我国经济发展现状,分析了常规处理工艺的改进措施,包括对常规工艺进行强化,在常规处理工艺之前增加预吸附和预氧化,在常规处理工艺之后增加臭氧-生物活性炭吸附、膜处理等。这些措施在保留原处理工艺的基础上,通过调整操作条件或增加处理设施来改善出水水质,具有投资少、见效快的特点。 相似文献
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为脱除焦化废水中的酚,本文研究了新型化学破乳法液膜脱酚的工艺,确定了搅拌塔操作条件,并实际应用于焦化厂含酚废水的处理中,结果表明该工艺具有良好的脱酚效果。 相似文献
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反冲洗是快滤池的一项关键技术,反冲洗的效果关系到滤床下一个周期的过滤效果.试验证明水淬渣-石英砂双层滤料采用气-水反冲洗在冲洗效果、减少冲洗时间、降低冲洗耗水量及避免混层等方面比单水反冲洗有优势.在工程实践中水淬渣石英砂双层滤料反冲洗选用水强度为5L/m2·s、气强度为10L/m2·s、冲洗历时4min合适. 相似文献
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砂过滤器是一种传统而高效的水处理设备,广泛应用于钢铁企业循环水系统。目前钢铁企业最常用的砂滤器是高速或中速砂过滤器。本文结合新型浅层砂过滤器的应用,对余压过滤系统技术(余压全滤、余压旁滤)应用于钢铁企业循环水系统进行了分析,并对具体的设计方法进行了详细的介绍,可供实际生产和工程建设参考。 相似文献
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Accelerated ash accumulation method for diesel particulate filter and its characterization: a review
Zuwei Zheng Sheng Su He Lin Yinan Wang Xuteng Zhao 《International Journal of Green Energy》2020,17(7):407-426
ABSTRACTIt is well known that high-efficiency wall-flow particulate filter is the most commonly used technology that can effectively reduce both particulate matter (PM) and particulate number (PN) to comply with the latest emission legislations. Ash, defined as the noncombustible, non-evaporative residue derived mostly from lubricants, has critical impact on engine backpressure, particulate filter filtration efficiency and durability performance, therefore, the investigation of ash impact on particulate filter is of great importance. Due to cost-saving potential, several published methods from different laboratories for accelerated ash loading under carefully controlled conditions are described in this review, including some characterization methods that have been used for the evaluation of filter performance. In addition, the impact of ash deposit on back pressure and regeneration performance are also discussed in this review. 相似文献
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将炉渣用作深层过滤的床层过滤,在油田水处理中具有良好的应用前景。通过对炉渣滤料的物性测定,对流体力学性能、过滤性能及反洗性能的研究,获得了有关炉渣滤料的粒径分布、床层孔隙率、密度、吸水率等物性参数,以及清洁滤料床层阻力与速度的关系曲线和流化曲线,过滤条件下床层阻力随时间的变化关系和悬浮物脱除率随时间的变化曲线,炉渣床层的反洗曲线。结果表明:炉渣表面粗糙,有棱角,吸附表面积大,孔隙率大,过滤效果好;炉渣滤料密度小,反洗效果较好,反洗用水量只是过滤水量的5%左右;同时,炉渣作为滤料用于深层过滤,不仅来源广泛,而且属废物利用。 相似文献
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Remediation of saturated soil contaminated with petroleum products using air sparging with thermal enhancement 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Pollutants in the form of non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs), such as petroleum products, pose a serious threat to the soil and groundwater. A mathematical model was derived to study the unsteady pollutant concentrations through water saturated contaminated soil under air sparging conditions for different NAPLs and soil properties. The comparison between the numerical model results and the published experimental results showed acceptable agreement. Furthermore, an experimental study was conducted to remove NAPLs from the contaminated soil using the sparging air technique, considering the sparging air velocity, air temperature, soil grain size and different contaminant properties. This study showed that sparging air at ambient temperature through the contaminated soil can remove NAPLs, however, employing hot air sparging can provide higher contaminant removal efficiency, by about 9%. An empirical correlation for the volatilization mass transfer coefficient was developed from the experimental results. The dimensionless numbers used were Sherwood number (Sh), Peclet number (Pe), Schmidt number (Sc) and several physical-chemical properties of VOCs and porous media. Finally, the estimated volatilization mass transfer coefficient was used for calculation of the influence of heated sparging air on the spreading of the NAPL plume through the contaminated soil. 相似文献
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为探讨模拟地下水微生物除铁技术的若干控制因素以及微生物除铁的部分规律,对四个装有不同粒径石英砂填料的滤柱进行人工模拟实验及分析测试。实验结果表明:滤柱的成熟过程是铁细菌有规律的增殖并固定滤料表面的铁质活性滤膜实现对亚铁离子氧化的过程。根据细菌的成长过程,滤柱除铁效果以及滤柱能够承受的负荷,把滤砂的成熟过程分为适应期、第一增长期、第二增长期和稳定期等四个时期。在实现除铁的过程中,填料大小、滤速等条件对除铁效果有着影响。 相似文献
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Soil loss rates from construction sites can be 1000 times the average of natural soil erosion rates and 20 times that from agricultural lands. Silt fence (SF) is the current industry standard used to control sediment originating from construction activities. Silt fences are designed to act as miniature detention ponds. Research has indicated that SF sediment filtering efficiency is related to its ability to detain and pond water, not necessarily the filtration ability of the fabric. Design capacity and spacing is based on flow-through rate and design height. In addition, increased detention of runoff and pressure from ponding may increase the likelihood of overtopping or failure of SF in field application. Testing was conducted on compost silt socks (SS) and SF to determine sediment filtering efficiency, flow-through rate, ponding depth, overtopping point, design height, and design capacity. Results indicate flow-through rate changes with time, as does ponding depth, due to the accumulation of solids on/in the sediment filters. Changes in depth with time were a linear function of flow rate after 10 min of flow, up to the time the sediment filter is overtopped. Predicting the capacity of SF and SS to handle runoff without the filter being overtopped requires consideration of both runoff rate and length of runoff time. Data show SS half the heights of SF were less likely to overtop than SF when sediment-laden runoff water flow rates are less than 1.03 L(-1) s(-1) m(-1) (5 gpm/ft, gal per minute per lineal foot). Ponded depth behind a 61.0-cm (24 in) SF increased more rapidly than behind a 30.5-cm diam. (12 in) SS, and at the end of the thirty minutes, the depth behind the SF was 75% greater than that behind the SS. Removal of solids by the SF and the SS were not shown to be statistically different. Results were used to create a Microsoft Excel-based interactive design tool to assist engineers and erosion and sediment control planners on how to specify compost SS relative to SF in perimeter sediment control applications. 相似文献
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Julia E. Kelso Michelle A. Baker 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2016,52(1):262-268
Water quality monitoring programs across multiple disciplines use total suspended solids (TSS), and volatile suspended solids (VSS), to assess potential impairments of surface water and groundwater. While previous methods for instream filtering have been developed, the need for rapid, cost‐effective, high volume sampling has increased with the need to verify and supplement data produced by sondes and instantaneous data loggers. We present an efficient method to filter water instream with a portable drill pump that results in reduced sample processing time, and potentially reduced error associated with sample transportation, preservation, contamination, and homogenization. This technical note outlines the advantages of filtering instream vs. in the laboratory. It also compares TSS and VSS concentrations filtered with a drill pump vs. standard filtration methods with a vacuum pump as outlined by USEPA methods 160.2 and 160.4. Samples were collected at 4 sites and filtered in the field, or transported to the laboratory and filtered within 12 or 24 h of collection. Overall TSS and VSS samples filtered instream with a drill pump vs. in the laboratory produced similar concentrations with a similar range in variability for each method. Sample filtering with a drill pump decreased processing time by five minutes per sample. 相似文献