节能目标完成情况晴雨表

国务院节能工作领导小组办公室公布：通过对各地区节能形势进行分析,对照各地＂十二五＂年均节能目标,2012年1-10月,海南、云南、青海、新疆等4个地区预警等级为一级,节能形势十分严峻;广西、贵州、甘肃等3个地区预警等级为二级,节能形势比较严峻;北京、天津、河北、山西、内蒙古、辽宁、吉林、黑龙江、上海、江苏、浙江、安徽、福建、江西、山东、河南、湖北、湖南、广东、重庆、     

实验室信息管理系统(LIMS)应用研究

以昆山为例,实验室信息管理系统(LIMS)应用于环境监测实验室,是针对环境监测的流程化设计,应用移动互联网技术、物联网技术、大数据等技术,将环境监测实验室的人员、环境、流程、质量控制、仪器设备、标物标液、化学试剂、标准方法、分析报告、数据查询分析、图书资料、文件记录、移动监测、电子签章、数据采集等要素有机结合起来,形成一个科学、全面、开放、规范的综合管理体系,大幅提升环境管理业务水平和工作效率。     

财政部、商务部、环境保护部关于家电以旧换新推广实施申报工作的通知

财建函[2010]6号河北省、山西省、内蒙古自治区、辽宁省、大连市、吉林省、黑龙江省、安徽省、福建省、厦门市、江西省、河南省、湖北省、湖南省、广西自治区、海南省、四川省、重庆市、贵州省、云南省、西藏自治区、陕西省、甘肃省、青海省、宁夏自治区、新疆自治区、新疆生产建     

可持续消费国际研讨会在北京隆重举行

2008年6月10—12日。由中华人民共和国环境保护部、财政部、联合国环境规划署、欧盟委员会联合主办的“可持续消费国际研讨会”在北京隆重举行。来自国务院相关部委、地方环保部门、中央及地方采购中心、北京奥组委、行业协会、科研院所、环境标志获证企业以及来自德国、英国、法国、瑞士、日本、韩国、菲律宾等国家环保机构、国际绿色采购网络组织等300余人参加了此次盛会。     

转基因作物的生态效应

转基因作物是基因组中含有外源基因的植物.它可通过原生质体融合、细胞重组、遗传物质转移、染色体工程技术获得,有可能改变植物的某些遗传特性,培育高产、优质、抗病毒、抗虫、抗寒、抗旱、抗涝、抗盐碱、抗除草剂等的作物新品种.     

关于汤旺河流域水污染防治对策的思考

汤旺河是贯穿伊春市的主要河流,由北而南流经鸟伊岭、汤旺河、新青、红星、五营、上甘岭、友好、伊春、美溪、西林、金山屯、南岔、浩良河等区镇至汤原县新发春北2公里处汇入松花江,在伊春境内流长443公里,流域总面积20838平方公里,是伊春市的母亲河,汤旺河水质的好坏直接影响到伊春人民生产、生活及国民经济的发展,因此,保护汤旺河对伊春乃至全省的生态环境和经济的可持续发展具有重大意义.     

贵州省癌死亡率与土壤环境中化学元素的关系

利用中国癌死亡率与土壤环境中化学元素的相关性研究成果 ,研究了贵州省癌死亡率与土壤环境中 As、 Cd、 Co、 Cu、 Hg、 Mn、 Ni、 Pb、 Se、 V、 L i、 Na、K、Rb、Cs、Mg、Ca、Sr、Ba、B、Al、Ga、In、Tl、Sc、Y、L a、Ce、Pr、Nd、Tb、 Dy、 Ho、 Er、 Tm、 Yb、 L u、 Th、 U、 Sn、 Ti、 Zr、 Hf、 Sb、 Bi、 Ta、 Te、 Mo、W、 Br、 I、 Fe等 5 2个化学元素含量的关系     

小流域地下水与地表水微生物组成结构差异及其成因分析

对中山大学滨海水循环综合试验基地的河道水和地下水进行采样,运用16S rRNA基因分析方法,研究微生物的群落组成、结构,同时,通过Mothur软件分析不同采样点的系统发育多样性和文库稀释曲线.结果表明,上下游河道水和地下水均以变形菌(Proteobacteria),厚壁菌(Firmicutes),古菌(Archaea)为优势种群,变形菌在上游堰、下游堰、R1、R2、R3分别占各自总数的29.7%、30.3%、28.1%、20.9%、14.2%;厚壁菌在上游堰、下游堰、R1、R2、R3分别占各自总数的9.7%、20.3%、19.8%、8.6%、39.6%;古菌(不可培养的泉古菌和广古菌)在上游堰、下游堰、R1、R2、R3分别占各自总数的14.2%、12.3%、11.7%、12.1%、3.5%.表明地下水、地表水微生物组成结构有一定的趋同性.另一方面,酸杆菌(Acidobacteria)、硝化螺旋菌(Nitrospira)、拟杆菌(Bacteroidetes) 和Candidate division OPx等在不同采样点的丰度各异,不同埋藏条件下的地下水和地表水多样性指数与稀释曲线有所不同,揭示小流域的微生物组成、结构具有空间差异.研究显示,受周围水文地质条件、补给差异等影响,微生物种群随之演化,微生物特征与水文地质、化学离子密切相关.     

国家发展改革委关于印发《节能低碳技术推广管理暂行办法》的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市、副省级省会城市、新疆生产建设兵团发展改革部门、经信委（经委、工信委、工信厅、工信局）,计划单列企业集团和中央管理企业,有关行业协会：     

国务院办公厅转发环保总局等部门关亏加强农村琢境保护工作意见的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府。国务院各部委、各直属机构：环保总局、发展改革委、农业部、建设部、     

A method for sustainable product development based on a modular system of guiding questions

In this paper, we present a method for sustainable product development (MSPD) with the aim of integrating social and ecological aspects of sustainability with a strategic business perspective in product development. The method applies backcasting from basic principles for sustainability, which allows a strategic approach, and it includes a modular system of guiding questions that are derived by considering these principles and the product life cycle. Initial testing in Swedish companies indicates that the suggested MSPD promotes a ‘bird's eye’ perspective and encourages and aids development of products that support society's transformation towards sustainability. Furthermore, it is concluded that the modular system provides flexibility and user-friendliness.     

Effects of acid deposition on corrosion of metals

This paper tries to analyse the principles of expressing the effect of acid deposition and general atmospheric pollution in the theory of atmospheric corrosion, with a special view to single metals, types of environment and to the progress states of the corrosion process. Deeper knowledge of the character of the deposits and their changes in the dynamic system, together with the need to describe better newly arising metal-environment system, lead to more sophisticated experimental methods and interpretations. The corrosivity classification system and methods of deriving atmospheric corrosivity are further discussed. The importance of ongoing international testing programs is mentioned.     

短波长X射线衍射技术及在环境工程中的应用展望

介绍了短波长特征X射线衍射无损检测分析原理和方法,无损地测定了预拉伸铝板、高强钢孔挤压件、铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接件等材料部件的内部残余应力、内部物相、内部织构及其分布,并分析讨论了测试结果。该仪器具有体积小,投资少、使用维护方便等优势,展望了该无损检测分析技术在装备环境工程中的应用前景。     

化学品环境管理技术支持体系中的标准和技术规范

分析了化学品环境管理的特点,提出了化学品环境管理技术支持体系的构建原则及基本内容。着重论述了化学品环境管理技术支持体系中化学品测试标准、化学品测试合格实验室标准、新化学物质危害评估标准、现有化学物质风险评价标准和中国现有化学物质名录等5个重要标准和技术规范的意义、作用、主要内容及其相互关系。结合有关标准和技术规范研究的进展,提出了持续性改进的建议。      

产品加速试验应用原理分析

现代产品开发需求促进了加速试验技术的产生与发展。基于产品开发需求对不同加速试验方法的概念及其目的进行了分析,讨论了它们与产品开发过程和产品可靠性的关系及其作用,然后对各类加速试验方法的理论基础和实施原理进行了系统分析,最后对各方法的目的和原理进行了总结比较。     

试论我国化学品测试GLP实验室建设

在介绍了GLP及GLP实验室之渊源的基础上,从化学品贸易的国际性特点,制定和执行化学品环境管理的法律法规要求,以及我国化学品环境管理的实际需要三方面论述了建设我国化学品测试GLP实验室的必要性;并从行动依据?理论准备?硬件能力状况?化学品测试技术服务的市场需求出发,分析和论证了建设我国化学品测试GLP实验室的可行性?认为建设我国化学品测试GLP实验室的当务之急是要加快化学物质环境管理立法;尽早制定严格的科学的审查监督办法;集中力量,重点建设;迅速完成由理论到实践的转变?具体建设中应注意充分利用国内现有的技术力量和国外的经验与帮助,稳步滚动发展?      

地方环境管理信息系统的设计原则与开发程序

环境管理信息系统是为环境管理服务的环境数据的收集、传递、存贮、加工、维护的工具和手段。现代的信息系统是由人和计算机组成的复杂体系,它不仅与计算机、环境科学密切相关,还涉及计算科学、运筹学、决策科学等有关学科。     

Prioritisation of existing biocidal active substances in the European Union

This article describes the priority setting process in the 10-year review programme for the systematic examination of all existing active biocidal substances as foreseen in Article 16(2) of the European Commission Biocidal Products Directive (BPD). In the first phase of this programme, all existing biocidal substances were identified or notified. For the evaluation in the second phase, the notified substances will be grouped in four priority lists according to the product types (PTs) for which they were notified. The prioritisation principles were the availability of test guidance for efficacy testing, overlap with other review programmes and overlap between the substances in different product types. The details of these principles are explained in this article.     

The 5 principles of “Design for Safer Nanotechnology”

Nanoparticles have been incorporated in hundreds of different types of products, and the novel properties of nanomaterials offer great promise to provide new technological breakthroughs. However, nanotechnology is an emerging technology which has potential health and safety risks throughout its product life cycle. The health risk of a nanoparticle is a function of both its hazard to human health and its exposure potential. It is prudent for companies to try to mitigate the potential risks of nanoparticles during the design stage rather than downstream during manufacturing or customer use. The intent of this paper is to propose five design principles for product designers to use during the design stage for products that contain nanoparticles. By using these design principles, the health risk of the nanoparticle may be mitigated by potentially lowering the hazard and/or the exposure potential of the nanoparticle. These proposed design principles are largely untested and are offered as an initial framework that will require more testing, validation, and refinement.     

Tools and concepts for sustainable development,how do they relate to a general framework for sustainable development,and to each other?

We present a general framework to plan for sustainability and then relate it to some well-known tools for sustainable development. This framework follows from principles for how a system is constituted (ecological and social principles), and contains principles for a favorable outcome for the system (sustainability), as well as principles for the process to reach this outcome (sustainable development). The principles for sustainability define the favorable outcome and direct problem-solving upstream towards problemsources. A program of activities is then constructed by backcasting from defined outcomes to the current problems. This is followed by “metrics”, i.e. various concepts for measuring and monitoring the activities. Most concepts and tools for sustainable development function as metrics, for instance life cycle assessment (LCA), ecological footprinting (EF), and Factor X. An environmental management system (EMS), like ISO 14001 or EMAS, is an administrative vehicle that should systematically align a firm's specific outcomes, activities and metrics with a general framework for sustainability. From a strategic point of view, metrics should measure alignment of activities with the principles contained in a framework for sustainability. A framework is not an alternative to concepts and tools for metrics. We need them all, because they represent different interrelated levels of strategic planning.