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梦清园芦苇湿地根际微生物特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过对上海市梦清园芦苇湿地净化苏州河污染水体的示范工程采样分析,结果表明芦苇根际的微生物数量、酶的活性高于非根际的土壤。根际细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量均比非根际多,R/S平均值分别为70.3、9.5、2.9。相对于硝酸细菌而言亚硝酸细菌的根际效应较为明显,无论根际还是非根际的亚硝酸细菌数量均高于硝酸细菌的数量。根际细菌和硝化细菌数量随着水力停留时间增加而增加,而根际反硝化细菌数量则减少。菌剂和酶制剂的加入使得非根际泥样异养细菌、真菌、放线菌和亚硝酸细菌比对照组稍高,硝酸细菌和反硝化细菌则较少;而根际泥样中加菌剂和酶制剂组微生物数量比空白组高出1—2个数量级,在投加菌和酶制剂后酶活性无论在根际还是非根际都得到提高,高于对照组约5—6个酶活单位。 相似文献
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为评估温州重点区域河道底泥的重金属污染状况,进而为受污染河道底泥清淤工作分类制定科学环保的处理处置方案,通过对温州市龙湾区、瓯海区和瑞安市14条河道底泥样品测定Cu、Zn、Cd、Cr、Ni、Pb和Hg等7种重金属元素的全量浓度,并参照《浙江省河湖库塘清淤技术指南(试行)》制定的5级污染物控制指标和限值,通过改进型内梅罗污染指数方法对温州14条河道底泥样品的重金属污染进行了分级评价,评价结果表明,14条河道中,有3条河道底泥未受重金属污染可用于土地改良等;有2条河道底泥受重金属轻微污染可用于园林绿化等;有6条河道底泥受重金属中度污染可用于回填土等;有1条河道底泥受重金属重度污染可用于制砖等;有2条河道底泥受重金属严重污染,通过浸出毒性分析可鉴别为一般固废,其底泥可脱水后进行卫生填埋。 相似文献
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《环境保护与循环经济》2015,(9)
运用SMT法提取各形态磷,研究沂河坝区土壤磷的赋存形态。研究结果显示,河道底泥中TP含量大于岸边土壤中TP,所有坝区中TP的大小依次为:小埠东桃园角沂柳杭花园。磷的赋存形态中,河道底泥中与岸边土壤中IP是磷的主要赋存形态,OP含量较低;Ca-P在河道底泥与岸边土壤中均占IP的35%左右,此形态磷对水质影响较小;Fe/Al-P为IP的主要赋存形态。沂河岸边土壤中各形态磷的分布顺序与河道底泥一致,均为Fe/Al-PCa-POP。 相似文献
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利用石墨相氮化碳降解水中氨氮,并对该材料降解氨氮的效果进行考察。探究了在氙灯照射下,不同初始pH以及不同初始氨氮含量条件下对氨氮降解的影响。结果表明:在氙灯照射下,当初始pH=12,初始氨氮含量为7.5μg时,石墨相氮化碳对氨氮具有良好的降解效果;当初始pH=13时,控制初始氨氮含量为7.5μg,光催化2 h后,氨氮去除率为95.68%。采用伪一级动力学模型进行研究,石墨相氮化碳在碱性条件下对氨氮有良好的降解速率,可能归因于随着初始pH的增大,溶液中存在更多的OH-和·OH,从而增强光催化效果。 相似文献
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石油污染土壤原位生物修复的强化实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为研究添加营养物质和高效降解石油微生物对油污土壤生物修复的作用,通过分层土柱的方法,连续监测了不同条件下不同土层的含水率、石油烃含量、细菌数量及脱氢酶活性。结果表明:添加营养物质同时接种高效微生物可使降解效果明显改善,降解率比在自然条件下提高近50%,而单纯添加营养物质不接种高效微生物可使降解率比在自然条件下提高约25%。降解初期,上层土壤降解效果较好,而到中后期,中下层降解效果好于上层。微生物数量和脱氢酶活性与石油降解率之间存在良好的相关性,脱氢酶活性比微生物数量更能反映修复过程中微生物的存活状态。添加营养物质和高效降解石油微生物对油污土壤原位生物修复具有强化作用。 相似文献
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Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application. 相似文献
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泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际. 相似文献
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城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。 相似文献
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Günay Kocasoy 《Environmental management》1989,13(4):469-475
The increase in the number of tourists visiting a coast is desired by most of the countries for economic reasons. However, this increase in tourism may cause pollution of the sea. This can be only avoided by proper planning and by predicting the carrying capacity of the coast in terms of sea pollution. This is especially important for developing countries where part of the wastewater is discharged without any treatment into the sea.In the present study the beaches were classified according to their use — and consequently the amount of waste discharged into the sea — into four groups: (1) coasts that are used only for swimming and recreational purposes; (2) coasts used simultaneously for dwelling, swimming, and recreational purposes; (3) coasts along which only dwellings exist; and (4) natural and man-made harbors, i.e., coasts used as shelters. During the survey,40,320 observations were made between December 1985 and February 1988 to determine the effect of the number of tourists on seawater quality. The results obtained were analyzed by a multilinear regression program to obtain an empirical equation giving the extent of the sea pollution in terms of coliform concentration as a function of population density and some other environmental factors.The equations derived in this study enable the determination of the carrying capacity of a beach in terms of pollution as well as the expected degree of pollution corresponding to a given population density. Furthermore, it allows the prediction of the extra carrying capacity that can be obtained by improving the waste-disposal conditions. 相似文献
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阐释了信息产业专门化街区的内涵,结合对合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区构成要素的分类及其邻近度的分析,分别从空间结构演化、景观演化、功能演化三方面阐述了合肥市黄山路由"电子一条街"向"信息产业专门化街区"的总体演化阶段,探讨了信息产业专门化街区的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
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燃煤二氧化硫控制技术应用概况 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由燃煤引起的二氧化硫污染已成为大气环境中最主要的污染因子。为解决这个问题,我国结合国外的技术成果,进行了各种脱硫技术的研究。介绍了各种治理技术应用情况,并结合实际经验对其中应注意的问题给予评述。 相似文献