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不同菌源的微生物对邻苯二甲酸二乙酯生物降解性的比较 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18
从处理石化厂废水的活性污泥中分离出1株邻苯二甲酸酯降解菌FS1(荧光假单胞菌,Pseudomonas fluorescens),从处理焦化厂废水的活性污泥中分离出2株邻苯二甲酸酯降解菌FS2(铜绿假单胞菌,Pseudomonas aeruginasa)、FS3(短杆菌,Bre-vibacterium sp.).研究FS1、FS2和FS3对邻苯二甲酸二乙酯的最适降解条件,比较了其降解特性.FS1、FS2和FS3最适酸度分别为pH6.5~8.0、pH7.0~8.0和pH7.0~8.0,温度为20~35℃、15~35℃和15~35℃.FS1、FS2、FS3对邻苯二甲酸二乙酯的降解的半寿期:FS1<FS2<FS3,FS1是1株高效的邻苯二甲酸二乙酯降解菌. 相似文献
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从处理石化厂废水的活性污泥中分离出 1株荧光假单胞菌FS 1及处理焦化厂废水的活性污泥中分离出 1株铜绿假单胞菌FS 2和 1株短杆菌FS 3。研究了这 3株菌对邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的最适降解条件 ,比较了其降解特性。荧光假单胞菌FS 1、铜绿假单胞菌FS 2和短杆菌FS 3最适pH分别为 6 5~ 8 0 ,7 0~ 8 0和 7 0~ 8 0 ;温度为 2 0~ 3 5℃ ,1 5~ 3 5℃和 1 5~ 3 5℃。他们对邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的降解反应符合一级动力学特征 ,其半寿期 :荧光假单胞菌FS 1 <铜绿假单胞菌FS 2 <短杆菌FS 3 ;荧光假单胞菌FS 1是一株高效的邻苯二甲酸二辛酯降解菌。 更多还原 相似文献
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邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯在番茄根际土壤中的持留动态 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
利用分室根箱法模拟根际微域环境的试验结果表明,无论初始浓度高低,邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(DEHP)在土壤中的持留都可较好地用一级反应动力学方程进行描述,初始浓度越高,持留半寿期越短.土壤中DEHP浓度的增加可引起土壤脱氢酶活性的增加.但在DEHP初始浓度低、中、高3种情况下都表现出在根际土壤(0~5mm)中DEHP的残留浓度比非根际土壤(25~30mm)中的残留浓度稍高,持留的半寿期(t1/2)稍长的趋势,说明植物的生长并没有加速DEHP的降解.不添加DEHP的根室土壤中DEHP浓度始终都维持在一个较低的水平上,处理之间没有显著差异,且植物组织中DEHP的含量很低,处理之间也没有显著差异,说明DEHP在土壤中随水溶液的扩散和由于植物根系生长活动引起的迁移是微不足道的. 相似文献
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邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯酶促降解性的研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
从处理石化厂废水的活性污泥中分离出一株邻苯二甲酸酯降解菌FS1(Pseudomonas fluorescens FS1),测定了P.fluorescens FS1的邻苯二甲酸酯降解酸对邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基已基)酯(DEHP)的降解特性。P.fluorescens FS1细胞中的颗粒部分、溶液部分对DEHP都具有降解作用,初步认为P.fluorescens FS1降解酶属胸内酶。P.fluorescens FS1降解酶对DEHP的最适酸度为pH6.5-8.0,温度为25-35℃,米氏常数Km为190.48nmol/mL。在好氧条件下,DEHP与P.fluorescens FS1降解酯酶作用,形成邻苯二甲酸单酯和邻苯二甲酸后,可进一步降解成苯甲酸、对羟基苯甲酸,最终转化为CO2与H2O。 相似文献
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采用陶粒滤料曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)模拟废水,考察了空床接触时间(EBCT)、温度对DEHP去除效果的影响,运用气质联用仪(GC-MS)分析了中间降解产物并推测其可能的降解途径.结果表明,当温度为25℃,空床接触时间(EBCT)为8 h时,BAF对DEHP的降解效果良好,去除率达到90.3%;BAF对DEHP的去除率随着温度的升高和EBCT的增加而增大,EBCT为去除效果的主要影响因素;BAF对DEHP的降解满足一级反应动力学方程.BAF出水中检测到邻苯二甲酸单2-乙基己基酯(MEHP)、邻苯二甲酸丁基酯2-乙基己基酯(BEHP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)以及邻苯二甲酸(PA)等降解产物,据此推测邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯的生物降解途径可能为其长烷基支链先断裂为较短的直链,而后断裂一个酯键形成单酯,接着再断裂另一酯键形成邻苯二甲酸,最终分解成二氧化碳和水. 相似文献
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邻苯二甲酸脂的微生物分解性及其分解途径 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
首先说明了邻苯二甲酸脂的用途及安全性。再次介绍了邻苯二甲酸脂的微生物可分解性、分解途径及分解的中间产物、参与微生物分解的酶。 相似文献
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为研究增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP)对小鼠学习和记忆能力的影响,以白藜芦醇(Res)作为保护剂,将42只雄性昆明小鼠随机分为6组,每组7只,分别为:生理盐水组、1.5,15,150mg/(kg·d) DIDP组、20mg/(kg·d) Res组、150mg/(kg·d) DIDP+20mg/(kg·d) Res组.连续灌胃染毒9d,期间同时进行Morris水迷宫实验.第10d将小鼠处死,取出脑组织,检测活性氧簇(ROS)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)、8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)的含量.并对小鼠海马体切片进行H&E染色,观察病理变化.结果显示,15,150mg/(kg·d) DIDP染毒可导致小鼠的学习和记忆能力显著低于对照组,同时可诱发脑组织产生氧化应激,并促进炎症因子释放,而Res能有效减弱脑组织氧化应激水平.由上可得,DIDP致小鼠学习和记忆能力下降可能与其引起的脑组织中海马体的氧化损伤有关,同时Res可能通过降低DIDP引起的氧化应激进而减轻其对小鼠造成的学习记忆损伤. 相似文献
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本试验是针对温度对厌氧降解邻苯二甲酸二酯影响的研究 ,目的是寻找适应这种反应的最佳温度或最佳温度区间。研究表明 ,对于原始污泥来说 ,最佳温度是其所生存的原始温度 ,即消化处理温度 3 7℃ ,对于污泥和填埋场渗出液的富集菌群来说 ,由于人工选择培养的介入 ,最佳温度有向高温偏移的趋势 相似文献
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研究了混合光合细菌PSB-DR在不同光照、接种量和pH值下对2,4,6-三氯苯酚(2,4,6-TCP)的生物降解特性,确定了PSB-DR生物降解2,4,6-TCP的优化控制条件.结果表明,光照培养下,接种量30%,初始pH值7.0时2,4,6-TCP降解效率最高.在此条件下,50mg/L的2,4,6-TCP经5d后降解率达到82.3%.培养基中醋酸钠的加入对2,4,6-TCP降解有明显的抑制作用.PSB-DR静息细胞对2,4,6-TCP的降解符合高浓度底物抑制的酶促反应类型,其降解动力学参数rmax=1.746h-1,Km=38.333mg/L,Ki=260.87mg/L. 相似文献
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为了阐明厌氧环境下全氟羧酸(PFCAs)等全氟化合物的迁移归趋,研究了8:2氟调聚醇(8:2FTOH)的厌氧降解性能.结果表明,取自市政污水处理厂的污泥在厌氧条件下可还原降解8:2FTOH,并生成氟离子、全氟类和多氟类降解产物,且降解过程可采用双指数衰减模型拟合.在为期120d的培养中,8:2FTOH的摩尔降解率高达(93.2±0.9)%;摩尔回收率则随着培养时间的增加有下降的趋势,由培养初期(1d)的(97.5±5.1)%下降至末期(120d)的(68.9±4.0)%,这说明在培养后期可能产生了未知的降解产物或生成了未知的挥发性产物.8:2不饱和氟调聚酸(8:2FTUA)和全氟辛酸(PFOA)分别是摩尔产率最高的多氟类和全氟类降解产物,分别介于(6.94±0.10)%~(24.2±1.5)%和(2.67±0.22)%~(14.9±1.0)%的范围内.多氟类降解产物的摩尔产率随培养时间的增加先增加后降低,而全氟类降解产物的摩尔产率则随培养时间的增加持续增加,这说明其可能分别为中间降解产物和最终降解产物. 相似文献
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Removal of a type of endocrine disruptors-di-n-butyl phthalate from water by ozonation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ozonation of synthetic water containing a type of endocrine disruptor-di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) was examined. Key impact factors such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, ozone dosage and initial DBP concentration were investigated. In addition, the activities of radicals on uncatalysed and catalysed ozonation were studied. The degradation intermediate products were followed and the kinetic of the ozonation were assessed as well. Results revealed that ozonation of DBP followed two mechanisms. Firstly, the reaction rate of direct ozonation was slower at lower pH, temperature, and ionic strength. Secondly, when these factors were increased for indirect radical reaction, higher percentage of DBP was removed with the increase of the initial ozone dosage and the decrease of the initial DBP concentration. In addition, tea-butanol, humic substances and Fe(Ⅱ) affected DBP ozonation through the radical pathway. It was determined that ozonation was restrained by adding tea-butanol for its radical inhibition effect. Furthermore, humic substances enhanced the reaction to some extent, but a slight negative effect would be encountered if the optimum dosage was exceeded. As a matter of fact, Mn(Ⅱ) affected the ozonation by "active sites" mechanism. In the experiment, three different kinds of intermediate products were produced during ozonation, but the amount of products for each one of them decreased as pH, temperature, ionic strength and initial ozone dosage increased. A kinetic equation of the reaction between ozone and DBP was obtained. 相似文献
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FANG Yan-fen HUANG Ying-ping LIU De-fu HUANG Yang GUO Wei DAVID Johnson 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(1):97-102
The photocatalytic degradation of dye pollutant sulforhodamine-B (SRB) in aqueous titanium dioxide (TiO2) dispersions was examined under three lighting regimes: UV light (330 nm〈λ〈 380 nm), sunlight, and visible light (λ〉450 nm), all investigated at pH=2.5. Total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (CODer) assays show that the degradation rate of SRB is much higher when irradiated with UV and sunlight compared with visible light. The temporal concentration changes of SRB illustrated a first-order reaction and the rate constant, k, is 0.197 min^-1, 0.152 min^-1, 0.027 min^-1, respectively, under the three lighting conditions. The final mineralized products were amine compounds identified by infrared spectrophotometry. When irradiated with visible light, the photocatalytic degradation rate could be improved by lowering the H2O2 concentration and inhibited by increasing the H2O2 concentration, but results contrary to the above were obtained when UV light was used for irradiation. 相似文献
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XIA Wen-xiang ZHENG Xi-lai LI Jin-cheng SONG Zhi-wen ZHOU Li SUN Hao-fen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2005,17(4):659-661
Different kinds of mineral nutrients(NO3-N, NH4-N and PO4-P) were applied in the simulated oil-polluted seawater for enhancing oil biodegradation in the N/P ratio 10:1 and 20: 1. Although indigenous microorganisms have the ability to degrade oil, adding nutrients accelerated biodegradation rates significantly. For the group amended with NO3-N and PO4-P in the ratio 10:1, the reaction rate coefficient was 4 times higher than the natural biodegradation. Chemical and microbiological analysis showed that the optimal N/P ratio in the system is 10: 1, and microorganisms tend to utilize nitrate rather than ammonium as N source. 相似文献