中原油田工业污染的环境经济损益分析

中原油田工业污染的环境经济损益分析张国辉（中原油田技术监测中心）中原油田以１９９３年为基准，查清了五油企业污染源的污染状况，为分析计算工业污染的环境经济损益情况提供了依据，并运用污染源调查的数据和资料，对中原油田工业污染的环境经济损益进行了分析计算，...     

干旱区绿洲土地利用与经济协调发展能力研究——以武威市为例

在构建绿洲土地利用与经济协调发展评价模型的基础上,分析了武威市土地利用与经济的协调发展态势.结果表明,1998-2007年武威市土地利用与经济系统协调程度不高,协调发展度指数总体趋势上升;土地利用与经济耦合系统经历了由轻度失调衰退类经济损益型向勉强协调发展类经济滞后型的演进.该方法具有较强的可操作性,可为干旱区土地资源管理与开发利用决策提供参考依据.     

建设项目环境经济损益分析方法的研究

一、简易分析法建设项目环评报告书均应有环境经济损益分析专题内容。但是，对于项目不太大或项目污染不严重的环评报告书来说，只需做出简易的环境经济损益分析。简易分析的主要内容为环保投资估算、投资比例及环境效益分析。以“湖北艾森一天发油脂项目环境影响评价”（以下简称“文发项目”，荆沙市环科所编写）为例：1．环保投资估算及投资比例首先阐明拟建工程环保设施的划分结果。不同的行业对环保设施的划分有不同规定，如石油化工行业对环保设施的划分在SHJ24－90中作了原则性划分。’‘艾发项目”环保投资估算包括：污水处理站23…     

水污染治理效益分析

从水污染治理损益分析中应考虑的项目组成及可能采用的估算方法作一般性的讨论,分析水污染治理方案的可行性,为水污染进行治理的决策部门提供一定的参考依据。     

概论建设项目对社会经济影响的评价

作者认为一个建设项目的环境影响是由自然环境和社会环境两部份组成的,环境问题是综合性的。因此,仅仅对自然环境的影响进行评价显然是不够的,必须评价或分析因建设项目对所在地区的社会和经济的影响,包括对经济的促进级及因污染造成的社会和经济的损害。作者提出了社会经济评价的原则——损益分     

使用数据包络(DEA)对不同污水处理厂方案的环境经济损益分析

本文应用DEA的环境经济损益分析方法对某地拟建造的污水处理厂三个不同方案进行比选,在不需要对环境要素给予确定价格的情况下,分析确定最佳的建造方案的竞争优势值。结果表明,当处理规模较小,当地水质环境对磷去除要求较高,同时污泥处置所占成本较高时,优选SBR方案。     

用机会成本法测算乡镇砖厂的环境经济损益

乡镇砖厂是乡镇企业中的一大财政支柱，目前，绝大多数的砖厂都生产粘土砖，因此，建成 了制砖取土毁地的现象十分严重，而制砖过程排放的大气污染物对农村环境质量的影响也很大，使农村生态环境逐步恶，本文根据机会成本法对佳木斯市乡镇砖厂毁地作环境经济的损益分析。     

区域旅游经济与生态环境协调发展研究——以安徽省为例

在构建数学模型的基础上,运用SPSS17.0等软件对安徽省旅游经济—生态环境系统发展状况进行分析评价.结果表明,2000-2012年系统耦合度由0.7590上升到0.9657,耦合协调度由0.3743上升到0.8771,且系统发展经历了中度失调衰退类旅游经济损益型—勉强协调发展类旅游经济滞后型—中度协调发展类旅游经济滞后型—良好协调发展类生态环境滞后型的动态演化,可见系统相互影响带动作用增强,但生态环境的压力也在增大,在此基础上提出促进系统协调发展的相关建议.     

滨海新区新农村示范镇建设中的生态影响及保护——以葛沽示范镇为例

论述了滨海新区葛沽新农村示范镇建设的重点,预测、分析其在建设过程中可能出现的对农业生产、生态损益、水土流失等生态环境影响问题,并提出预防、减缓、补偿等控制对策。     

低碳经济背景下我国碳会计信息披露制度的构建

碳会计信息披露制度的构建有利于对每个企业的碳排放进行量化及考核,增加信息可比性,为相关碳信息需求方提供有效的低碳经济信息,提高信息的透明度。因此,企业需要构建一套完善的企业碳会计信息披露制度。在对碳会计的理论基础、质量要求分析的基础上,对碳资产、碳负债、碳成本、碳权益、碳损益的定义、确认、计量及报告作出了系统性研究,指出碳会计信息披露制度不仅需要建立一套具体的碳会计核算体系,同时需要逐渐完善碳会计监督体系及相关的法律体系的建设。     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Kirchner/Schanze/v. Schlabrendorff/Stockmayer/Wälde/Fritzsche/Patzina, Rohstofferschliessungsvorhaben in Entwicklungslndern - Teil 1: Interessenrahmen, Verhandlungsprozess, rechtliche Konzeption (Mining Ventures in Developing Countries - Part 1: Interests, Bargaining Process, Legal Concepts), Metzner, Frankfurt am Main, Federal Republic of Germany, 1977, 413 pp.
Nyembo Shabani, L'Industrie du Cuivre dans le Monde et le Progres Economique du Copperbelt Africain .
Zuhayr Mikdashi, The International Politics of Natural Resources , Cornell University Press
Dennis Hayes, Rays of Hope - The Transition to a Post-Petroleum World , A Worldwatch Institute Book, W. W. Norton and Company, Inc.
Association of Geosciences for International Development, New Directions in Mineral Development Policies
G. P. Gasby (editor), Marine Manganese Deposits , Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company
Kathryn Morton and Peter Tulloch, Trade and Developing Countries , John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
L. V. Cunha, V. A. Figueiredo, M. L. Correia, A. S. Gonçalves, Management and Law for Water Resources , Fort Collins (Colorado), Water Resources Publications
W. M. Telford, L. P. Geldhart, R. E. Sheriff, and D. A. Keys, Applied Geophysics , Cambridge University Press, 1976.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article:
McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Environmental Science (2nd ed.), Sybil Parker (Editor). McGraw-Hill, New York, New York. 1980. 858 pages. $34.50.
Evaluation for Village Water Supply Planning, Sandy Cairncross, Ian Carruthers, Donald Curtis, Richard Feachem, David Bradley, and George Baldwin. John Wiley and Sons, Somerset, New Jersey. 1980. 179 pages. $19.25.
A Guide to Conservational Pricing, Marshall Gysi. Vantage Press, New York, New York. 1980. 114 pages. $7.95.
Toxic and Hazardous Waste Disposal, Vol. 11, Robert B. Pojasek (Editor). Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Applied Water Resource Systems Planning, David C. Major and Roberto L. Lenton. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 1979. 248 pages. $19.95.
Provinciate Waterstaat van Gelderland. Marktstraat 1, Arnhem Nederland. 370 pages.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Books reviewed in this article: Individual On-site Wastewater Systems, Nina I. McClelland (Editor). Proceedings of the Fifth National Conference 1978. Ann Arbor Science, Ann Arbor, Michigan. 1979. 303 pages. $24.50. Modeling of Rivers, Hsieh Wen Shen (Editor). John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey. 1977. $39.95. The Hudson River Basin: Environmental Problems and Institutional Response, Volume I, Kalpli W. Richardson, Jr. and Gilbert Tauber (Editors). Academic Press, New York, New York. 1070. $1’).SO. Fish and Invertebrate Culture, Water Management in Closed Systems (2nd ed.), Stephen Spotte. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey. $1 3.95. Seepage, Drainage, and Flow Nets (2nd ed.), Harry R. Cedergren. Wdey-Interscience Publication, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Somerset, New Jersey. 1977. 534 pages. Water: Will There Be Enough?, compiled by Marian Smith; Robin Murphy (Editor), Water Foundation, Santa Barbara, California. 1979. 110 pages. $6.00 softbound, $12.95 clothbound. The NALCO Water Handbook, NALCO Chemical Company, Frank N. Kemmer and John McCallion (Editors). McGrawHill Book Co., New York, New York. 1979. 799 pages. 607 illustrations. $28.50. Porous Media, Fluid Transport, and Pore Structure, F. A. L. Dullien. Academic Press, New York, New York. 1979. $42.00. Project Data, Water and Power Resources Service, US. Department of the Interior. 1981. 1,461 pages. $21.00.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article
Oceanography Information Sources/1970, Richard C. Vetter (compiler).
Population, Resources, Environment: Issues in Human Ecology, by Paul R. Ehrlich and Anne H. Ehrlich.
Computers for Engineers, by Bartow Hodge.
Dictionary on Water and Sewage Engineering (German, English, French, and Italian), by Fritz Meinck and Helmut Mohle. R. Oldenbourg Vellag, Munich, W. Germany.
Drifting, by Stephen Jones. The MacMillan Company, New York, N.Y.
Elsevier's Dictionary of Hydrogeology, by Hans-Olaf Pfannkuch.
Environmental Design, by Richard P. Dober. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York, N.Y.     

Book reviews

Sustainable Cities and Sustainable Development Sustainable Cities. G. Haughton & C. Hunter, 1994, Jessica Kingsley/Regional Studies Association, London

Sustainable Cities in Europe. P. Nijkamp & A. Perrels, 1994, Earthscan, London ISBN 185383, £12.95

Toward Sustainable Development Concepts, Methods and Policy. J. C. J. M. van den Bergh & J. van der Straaten, 1994, Island Press, Washington, DC, ISBN 1 55963 3492, £30.00

Just Environments: intergenerational, international and interspecies issues. David E. Cooper & Joy A. Palmer (Eds), 1995, London, Routledge, ISBN 0 415-10336-3, pp. 199, index, £11.99

First Steps: Local Agenda 21 in practice. Stella Whittaker (Ed.), 1995, London, HMSO, 251 pp. ISBN 0 11 701871 6, £29.95

Beyond the Car: essays on the auto culture. Sue Zielinski & Gordon Laird (Eds), 1995, Toronto, Steel Rail Publishing/Transportation Options, 191 pp. ISBN 0 88791 042 4, pbk, C$ 19.95, US$15.95     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article:
Engineering Approaches for Lake Management, Volume 1: Data Analysis and Empirical Modeling, Kenneth H. Reckhow and Steven C. Chapra; Volume 2: Mechanistic Modeling, Steven C. Chapra and Kenneth H. Reckhow.
Engineering and the Environment, M. Wanielista, Y. Yousef, J. Taylor, and D. Cooper.
Natural Resources: Bureaucratic Myths and Environmental Management, R. L. Stroup and J. A. Baden.
Flow Measuring Flumes for Open Channel Systems, M. G. Bos, J. A. Replogle, and A. J. Clemmens.
Integrated Water Development, James L. Westcoat, Jr.
Artificial Substrates, John Cairns, Jr. (Editor).
Numerical Modeling of Groundwater Basins, J. Boonstra and N. A. de Ridder.
Fundamentals of Aquatic Toxicology, G. M. Rand and S. R. Petrocelli (Editors).
life Before the Drought, Earl Scott (Editor).
Living With the Louisiana Shore, J. Kelley, A. Kelley, O. Pil-key, Sr., and A; Clark.
Physical Geography, Cuchlaine A. M. King.
An Introduction to Water Quality Modelling, A. James (Editor).
Engineering Economy (6th Edition), G. J. Thuesen and W. J. Fabrycky.     

Book reviews

Sustainable Cities and Sustainable Development Sustainable Cities. G. Haughton &; C. Hunter, 1994, Jessica Kingsley/Regional Studies Association, London

Sustainable Cities in Europe. P. Nijkamp &; A. Perrels, 1994, Earthscan, London ISBN 185383, £12.95

Toward Sustainable Development Concepts, Methods and Policy. J. C. J. M. van den Bergh &; J. van der Straaten, 1994, Island Press, Washington, DC, ISBN 1 55963 3492, £30.00

Just Environments: intergenerational, international and interspecies issues. David E. Cooper &; Joy A. Palmer (Eds), 1995, London, Routledge, ISBN 0 415–10336–3, pp. 199, index, £11.99

First Steps: Local Agenda 21 in practice. Stella Whittaker (Ed.), 1995, London, HMSO, 251 pp. ISBN 0 11 701871 6, £29.95

Beyond the Car: essays on the auto culture. Sue Zielinski &; Gordon Laird (Eds), 1995, Toronto, Steel Rail Publishing/Transportation Options, 191 pp. ISBN 0 88791 042 4, pbk, C$ 19.95, US$15.95     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Mathematical Models in Water Pollution Control, A. James (editor)
Recreational Freshwater Fisheries: Their Conservation, Management and Development, John S. Alabaster (editor).
Water in Synthetic Fuel Production, the Technology and Alternatives, R. F. Probstein and H. Gold
Chlorine Dioxide: Chemistry and Environmental Impact of Oxychlorine Compounds, W. J.
Biological Reclamation of Solid Wastes, Clarence G. Golueke.
Food, Climate and Man, Margaret R. Biswas and Asit K. Biswas, editors.
Food, Fuel, and Shelter, A Watershed Analysis of Land-Use Trade-Offs in a Semiarid Region, Timothy D. Tregarthen.
Environmental Impact Analysis: Emerging Issues in Planning, Ravinder K. Jain and Bruce L. Hutchings, editors.
Hydrologic and Hydraulic Computations on Small Programmable Calculators, Thomas E. Croley II.     

Visitor Assessment of the Mandatory Alternative Transportation System at Zion National Park

Transportation infrastructure in national parks has historically been designed for the automobile. With more vehicles in the parks, visitors found themselves in circumstances more reminiscent of a city than a park. Traffic jams, overcrowding, illegal parking, horn honking, and idling vehicles became common, creating stress and contributing to air and noise pollution, the very things visitors were hoping to get away from. Park managers began searching for alternatives, including shuttle systems. Many national parks have implemented optional shuttle systems, but relatively few have completely closed roads to vehicles, transporting visitors on mandatory shuttles. Zion National Park instituted a mandatory shuttle system in May 2000 to relieve crowding and congestion in the main canyon and to protect natural resources. Taking a longitudinal approach, attributes of the shuttle (e.g., crowding, accessibility, freedom, efficiency, preference, and success) were assessed with experiential park factors (e.g., scenic beauty, naturalness, solitude, tranquility, air quality, and soundscape) in 2000, 2003, and 2010 by surveying shuttle-riding park visitors. While visitors initially reported a few reservations about the shuttle system, by 2003, the majority rated the system successful. Ratings of all shuttle-related variables, except crowding, improved over the decade. Improvements were greatest for freedom, accessibility, and efficiency. Multiple regression found overall shuttle success to be mediated by preference, freedom, accessibility, efficiency, and comfort. Experiential variables assessing park conditions followed a similar pattern, with improved ratings as the decade progressed. Results provide important insights into the visitor experience with mandatory alternative shuttle systems in national parks.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book reviewed in this article:
Water Supply and Health, H. van Lelyveld and B. C. J. Zoet-man (Editors).
Water Research Topics, Volume I, Isabel M. Lamont (Editor).
Soil and Water Conservation Engineering, Third Edition, Glenn O. Schwab, Richard K. Frevert, Talcott W. Edminster, and Kenneth K. Barnes.
Design Calculations in Wastewater Treatment, F. Wilson. E. & F. N. Spon
Stormwater Hydrology and Drainage, D.
Surface Water Impoundments, Volumes 1 and 11, H. C. Stefan (Editor).
The United States Energy Atlas, David J. Cuff and William J. Young.
Acid Rain Information Book, Frank A. Record, David V. Bu-benick, and Robert J. Kindya.
Transmission Line Design Manual, Holland H. Parr
Energy From Biological Processes: Technical and Environmental Analyses, Office of Technology Assessment.
The Performance of Austrian Pine Seed Sources on Various Sites in West Virginia and Pennsylvania, Roy N. Keys, Franklin C. Cech, and Walter H. Davidson.