Performance of lime-BHA solidified plating sludge in the presence of Na2SiO3 and Na2CO3

This research investigated the performance of lime-BHA (black rice husk ash) solidified plating sludge with 2 wt% NaO from Na(2)SiO(3) and Na(2)CO(3) at the level of 0, 30 and 50 wt%. The sludge was evaluated for strength development, leachability, solution chemistry and microstructure. The lime-BHA solidified plating sludge with Na(2)SiO(3) and Na(2)CO(3) had higher early strength when compared to the control. The addition of Na(2)SiO(3) and Na(2)CO(3) increased the OH(-) concentration and decreased the Ca(2+) and heavy metal ions in solution after the first minute. The XRD patterns showed that the addition of Na(2)SiO(3) resulted in the formation of calcium silicate hydrates, while the addition of Na(2)CO(3) resulted in CaCO(3). The heavy metals from the plating sludge, especially Zn, were immobilized in calcium zincate and calcium zinc silicate forms for the lime-BHA with and without Na(2)SiO(3) solidified wastes, while samples with Na(2)CO(3) contained Zn that was fixed in the form of CaZnCO(3). The cumulative leaching of Fe, Cr and Zn from the lime-BHA solidified plating sludge decreased significantly when activators were added, especially Na(2)CO(3).     

Some Physical Properties of CdO Thin Films Used as Window Material in Photovoltaic Solar Cells

Abstract

CdO thin films which can be used in photovoltaic solar cells as window material were obtained on glass substrates at 250°C and 300°C substrate temperatures using Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP) technique. The electrical, optical, structural, and surface properties of the films were investigated for two different substrate temperatures. After all investigations, it is concluded that, the CdO thin films can be used in photovoltaic solar cells as window materials and cell efficiencies can be increased using different growth parameters.     

稻壳纳米SiO2研究及开发利用

采用强酸消煮方法从水稻稻壳中提取二氧化硅.EDX能谱分析表明,提取物中不含其它杂质,在透射电子显微镜下观察到稻壳二氧化硅是由直径为50nm的凝胶颗粒组成.讨论了纳米二氧化硅的开发前景和利用途径.     

SO_2气敏电极的研制及扩大应用

本文用自制二甲基硅橡胶作为气透膜制成一种SO_2气敏电报,电极的线性响应范围与内充电解质NaHSO_3的浓度有关。CO_2气敏电极可以用SO_2气敏电极骨架将NaHSO_3内充电解质改为NaHCO_3制成。     

HPA／ZnFe2O4-TiO2光催化剂的制备及对马拉硫磷的可见光降解

以纳米TiO2载体,利用浸渍法制备了HPA／ZnFe2O4-TiO2光催化剂。对制备的催化剂进行了XRD、BET、TEM和UV-vis DRS表征。结果表明,催化剂样品均为锐钛矿相且ZnFe2O4很好地分散在载体表面,HPA／ZnFe2O4-TiO2光催化荆的平均粒径为10nm且在380-670nm均有强的光响应;反应最佳的HPA浓度为O.08molfL,最佳的ZnFe2O4负载量为1％。考察了HPA溶液初始浓度、ZnFe2O4负载量、溶液初始pH值、H2O2用量、催化剂用量对催化剂活性的影响。在溶液初始pH=13,H2O2=6mmol／L,催化剂用量为2g/L的最优条件下,光照反应进行100min后,马拉硫磷的降解率可达87％;重复4次后马拉硫磷的降解率仍可以达到67％。     

La掺杂TiO2/有机改性膨润土对TNT弹药废水的光催化降解性能研究

利用超声强化溶胶-凝胶法制备了La掺杂TiO2/有机改性膨润土复合光催化材料并进行了结构表征;以弹药废水中主要污染物质TNT作为目标物,考察了影响光催化降解性能的因素.结果表明：有机改性后复合材料的吸附性能和光催化性能均有所增加,对TNT的60min的吸附去除率和光催化降解率分别达到9.68％和94.53％;影响TNT光催化降解率的因素有光照时间、催化剂用量、TNT初始浓度、溶液pH值和光照强度.     

Performance of amine-multilayered solid sorbents for CO2 removal: Effect of fabrication variables

The emission of fossil fuel carbon dioxide (CO₂) to the atmosphere is implicated as the predominant cause of global climate change; therefore, advanced CO₂ capture technologies are of the utmost importance. In this study, innovative amine-multilayered sorbents were fabricated using layer-by-layer (LbL) nanoassembly technology via alternate deposition of a CO₂-adsorbing amine polymer (e.g. polyethylenimine or PEI) and an oppositely-charged polymer (e.g. polystyrene sulfonate or PSS). We found that the developed sorbents could be used for CO₂ capture and that LbL nanoassembly allows us to engineer their CO₂ capture performance through the fabrication variables (e.g. deposition polymers, deposition media, and number of bilayers). PEI/PSS was found to be the best polymer combination for developing sorbents with relatively high CO₂ capture capacity. The amine-multilayered solid sorbents possessed fine microstructures and may have similar polymer deposition within and on the surface of solid sorbents. These amine-multilayered sorbents had much faster CO₂ desorption rates compared to sorbents prepared using the current PEI-impregnation approach. Such fast CO₂ desorption could make sorbents a good option for CO₂ removal from power plants and even the atmosphere.     

Photocatalytic degradation of disperse blue 1 using UV/TiO2/H2O2 process

The photocatalytic degradation of a dye derivative, C.I. disperse blue 1 (1), has been investigated under UV light irradiation in the presence of TiO2 and H2O2 under a variety of conditions. The degradation was studied by monitoring the change in substrate concentration employing UV spectroscopic technique as a function of irradiation time. The degradation was studied under different conditions such as different types of TiO2, reaction pH, catalyst and substrate concentration containing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), besides molecular oxygen in the presence of TiO2. The degradation of dye was also investigated under sunlight and the efficiency of degradation was compared with that of the artificial light source. The degradation rates were found to be strongly influenced by all the above parameters. The photocatalyst Degussa P25 was found to be more efficient for the degradation of the dye.     

CaCl2盐度对活性污泥性能影响的研究

针对某企业高含盐有机生产废水,采用传统活性污泥法,实验研究了氯化钙盐度对活性污泥性能的影响,分别研究了盐度对有机物的去除能力、活性污泥中微生物的耗氧速率、活性污泥的结构和沉淀效果及对菌胶团中微生物生态的影响。结果表明,当氯化钙盐度从0mg/L升高到40000mg/L的时候,废水中COD的去除率由92.9%降低到56%,活性污泥的耗氧速率下降,菌胶团的微生物种类也随之减少,MLVSS/MLSS下降,活性污泥中的无机成分增加,沉淀性能增强,菌胶团也更为致密。     

石英负载TiO2光催化材料的制备及降解性能研究

选用石英作为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法负载TiO2制备石英负载TiO2光催化材料.光电子能谱分析结果表明：石英表面成功负载了TiO2.石英负载TiO2光催化材料对偶氮染料废水处理4h后,脱色率达到了96.28%.