建立实施ISO14001环境管理体系与中小企业可持续发展

阐述了建立实施ISO14001环境管理体系与中小企业可持续发展的关系；分析了当前中国中小企业在经济一体化的环境下，建立实施ISO14001的必要性；提出了中小企业实施ISO14001环境管理体系的步骤；为中小企业进行环境管理体系建立实施提供参考。     

中日合作建立ISO14001环境管理体系

本文论述了ISO14001管理体系建立和运行实践的主要做法和体会,着重分析了形成企业特色,保证贯标认证工作的实效性、经济性的独创做法。     

政府部门建立ISO14001环境管理体系工作的探讨

为推动ＩＳＯ１４００１环境管理系列标准在全国的推广,国家环保总局鼓励有实施条件的企业建立ＩＳＯ１４００１环境管理体系,同时,也积极在政府部门中推行此项工作。如今,苏州新区和大连开发区经申请,已被确定为首批政府建立ＩＳＯ１４００１环境管理体系的试点城区...     

国内企业实施ISO 14001标准及通过认证的几点经验

提出企业在实施ISO 14001标准及通过认证过程中可能遇到的几点问题,介绍了一些可供借鉴的经验。     

推进企业实施ISO14001环境管理体系的调查及思考

本调查了莱钢集团公司进行的一年多的ISO14001贯标工作情况,找准了体系建立与运行中存在的问题及改进措施,提出了推进实施ISO14001环境管理体系标准企业应持的态度,建立时要把握的关键环节及运行时应注意的几个重点。     

中日合作,建立ISO14001环境管理体系

通过介绍独山子石化分公司ISO14001管理体系建立和运行的主要做法和体会,着重分析了形成企业特色,保证贯标认证工作的实效性和经济性。     

廊坊市实施ISO14001标准的程序和方法

论述了廊坊市实施ISO14001标准的程序和方法，提供了较大的行政区域实施ISO14001标准认证的实例。     

上海孙桥现代农业开发区实施ISO14001环境管理体系的效初探

本文以上海孙桥现代农业开发区开展ISO14001环境管理体系认证作为研究实例,论述了农业开发区建立ISO14001环境管理体系的关键措施。根据实施环境管理体系所取得的绩效,阐明了在现代农业开发区实施环境管理体系的重要意义。     

纺织染整业建立ISO14001环境管理体系之初始环境评审

本文以典型的棉织物和化纤织物的一般染整过程为例，论述了染整企业建立ISO14001环境管理体系的初始环境评审的流程，阐明染整过程中产生的环境因素，并分析其对环境的影响。     

香港港岛香格里拉大酒店实施ISO14001标准

1997年5月，香港港岛香格里拉大酒店在经过数月的努力工作后，获得了ISO14001标准认证证书，成为ISO14001标准在非制造业领域成功实施的范例。1995年，酒店便参加了由香港生产力促进局组织的亚洲首个ISO14000（EMS）试点计划。在长达15个月的计划实施过程中，酒店与其它10家组织一道积极参加各类培训、研讨活动，得以深入理解了ISO14001标准，以及整体化、结构化的环境管理体系将会为本组织和社会带来的效益。1996年7月，在对酒店现有活动和潜在环境影响进行了彻底地评价（初始环境评审）之后，酒店制定了环境管理体系实施计划以及相…     

Reasons for implementing ISO 14001 in Malaysia

Environmental management systems (EMS) have been introduced globally to reduce environmental degradation issues brought about by industrial development. The research discussed in this paper is aimed at identifying the benefits and motivations of the implementation of EMS in compliance with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14001 standard in Malaysian industries by using the pairwise comparison method. Experts in EMS from the Scientific and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia were invited to participate in the research panel. Based on the experts’ input, data analysis was carried out by using multi‐criteria pairwise comparisons. The findings showed the ranked benefits and motivations of the implementation of the ISO 14001 standard for businesses. The results can indicate to policy‐makers and business advisors how businesses can be encouraged to implement the ISO 14001.     

Evaluation of Environmental Aspects Significance in ISO 14001

The methodological framework set by standards ISO 14001 and ISO 14004 gives only general principles for environmental aspects assessment, which is regarded as one of the most critical stages of implementing environmental management system. In Estonia, about 100 organizations have been certified to the ISO 14001. Experience obtained from numerous companies has demonstrated that limited transparency and reproducibility of the assessment process serves as a common shortcoming. Despite rather complicated assessment schemes sometimes used, the evaluation procedures have been largely based on subjective judgments because of ill-defined and inadequate assessment criteria. A comparison with some similar studies in other countries indicates a general nature of observed inconsistencies. The diversity of approaches to the aspects’ assessment in concept literature and to the related problems has been discussed. The general structure of basic assessment criteria, compatible with environmental impact assessment and environmental risk analysis has also been outlined. Based on this general structure, the article presents a tiered approach to help organize the assessment in a more consistent manner.     

行政管理部门建立和实施环境管理体系的探讨

本文论述了企业与行政管理部门建立和实施ISO14001环境管理体系的异同点,着重探讨了行政管理部门建立环境管理体系的过程、特点和意义,为我国的环境管理工作提供新的思路和方法。     

Evaluation of environmental management resources (ISO 14001) at civil engineering construction worksites: a case study of the community of Madrid

In recent years, significant advances have been made in business organization and management. The growing demands of clients as well as the globalization of world markets are among the many factors that have led to the establishment of systems of quality control and environmental management as a competitive strategy for businesses. When compared to other professional sectors, the construction sector has been slower to respond to environmental problems and to adopt Environmental Management Systems (EMS). In the world today the ISO 14001 standard is currently the main frame of reference used by construction companies to implement this type of management system. This article presents the results of a general study regarding the evaluation of the application of the ISO 14001 standard at civil engineering construction worksites in the Community of Madrid (Spain), specifically pertaining to requirement 4.4.1, Resources, roles, responsibilities, and authority. According to requirement 4.4.1, company executives should appoint people responsible for implementing the EMS and also specify their responsibilities and functions. The personnel designated for supervising environmental work should also have sufficient authority to establish and maintain the EMS. The results obtained were the following: - EMS supervisors did not generally possess adequate training and solid experience in construction work and in the environment. Furthermore, supervisors were usually forced to combine their environmental work with other tasks, which made their job even more difficult. - Generally speaking, supervisors were not given sufficient authority and autonomy because productivity at the construction site had priority over environmental management. This was due to the fact that the company management did not have a respectful attitude toward the environment, nor was the management actively involved in the establishment of the EMS. - Insufficient resources were allocated to the Environmental Management Unit. As a result, the application of EMSs in construction projects often appeared to be more of a formality, which was merely a way of maintaining the certification of the Environmental Management System. It was more a means of meeting the requirements for submitting a tender to contracting organisms rather than an indicator of any real commitment to improving the environmental performance of construction companies.     

Characterization of ISO 14001 implementation

Environmental degradation caused by human activities is of concern to society, government, industry, companies, and the people who are able to enjoy improved lifestyles because of industrial activities. However, all of these parties also have a responsibility to support and conserve the environment and act responsibly toward the earth. This article, which includes a systematic literature review and draws upon the authors’ practical experience, summarizes the benefits, motives, and difficulties in implementing environmental management systems using the International Organization for Standardization's (ISO) 14001 framework.     

The impact of ISO 14001 on corporate environmental performance: a study of Swedish manufacturing firms

The debate concerning the environmental effectiveness of environmental management systems (EMS) based on ISO 14001 is still open and scholars have called for further studies that can explain the contrasting evidence in previous research. As a response, this study aims to contribute knowledge about the effects of ISO 14001-based EMS by presenting fact-based environmental data. The study focuses on changes in performance over a period of 12 years and includes both firms with an EMS (66 firms) and firms without one (50 firms). Consideration is given to the improvement efforts in the firms before EMS adoption making it possible to neutralize any selection effects where better environmental performance precedes ISO 14001 adoption. Analysis has been carried out using statistical methods for six different environmental areas. No statistically significant differences between certified and non-certified firms concerning the change in the rate of improvement could be found in any of the six areas. However, it can be suspected that EMS adoption has positive effects on energy use and waste production whereas the non-adopting firms seem to perform better concerning air emissions. These mixed results mirrors previous research, which is rather worrying considering the worldwide popularity of EMS based on ISO 14001 in industry.     

政府部门建立ISO14000环境管理体系探讨

本文从城市的可持续发展战略高度出发，论述了政府部门建立ISO14001环境管理体系的必要性和可行性，并从9个方面阐述了建立环境管理体系的重要意义。     

The ISO 14001 EMS Implementation Process and Its Implications: A Case Study of Central Japan

/ This study aims to investigate the ISO 14001 implementation process and its implications for regional environmental management. The region of Central Japan (known as Chubu in Japanese, which literally means center) was chosen for this case study. The study focuses on selected issues such as the: (1) trends and motives of private firms in the implementation of an ISO 14001-based environmental management system (EMS); (2) obstacles during system implementation; (3) role of the system in enhancing environmental performance within the certified organization; and (4) relation between the major stakeholders, local citizens, governments, and firms after adopting the system. To achieve these objectives, a questionnaire survey was mailed to all certified firms in the region. A 58% response was achieved overall. The results show that the main aims behind the adoption of ISO 14001 by firms in the Chubu region are to improve the environmental aspects within the enterprises and to enhance the employees' environmental awareness and capacity. The results have also shown that the ISO 14001-based EMS has had a great effect on a firm's environmental status as certified firms have claimed that natural resources such as fuel, water, and paper consumption have been more efficiently managed after adopting the system. Implementation of the system causes the firms to consider the role of the local people and the government in more effectively involving the local people in the firm's daily environmental activities. It also helps to enhance the environmental awareness among the local people. Adopting the system also promotes a better relation within the enterprises affiliated to the same group, such as more attention given by the parent firms (head offices) towards other firms working for the same group, or branches-mainly small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs)-in the field of EMS. Finally, the results show that firms give serious consideration to their final products' impacts on the environment. In other words, attention is given to life cycle analysis (LCA) among certified firms.