发展循环经济实现经济与环境的"双赢"

经济发展一方面为人类提供了空前丰富的物质产品,另一方面却生产出同样空前大量的废气、废水、废渣和噪声.要使经济发展与环境保护由对立走向统一,实现经济与环境的"双赢",必须大力发展循环经济.分析了经济发展与环境保护对立的表现,阐述了经济发展与环境保护如何从对立走向统一,如何实现"双赢".     

对完善废旧物资税收政政策的意见和建议

废旧物资税收政策是关系到再生资源行业和企业生存与发展的重要问题,也是目前在保持经济可持续发展和建设节约型社会新形势下,政府机关主管部门和相关企业高度关注的一个重要问题.     

湿烟囱内衬防腐材料的选择

对国内湿烟囱防腐中应用较多的材料的化学成分、耐酸腐蚀性能、物理性能、焊接性能进行了比较分析,认为从技术角度而言,镍基合金优于钛金属.     

黄河三门峡段基于马尔科夫模型的水质预测

水质变化趋势预测是维护和管理当前水质状况的重要依据,影响水质的有物理学、化学、水力学、生物学、气象学以及人类活动等多方面的因素,在时间和空间上存在相当多的影响变量.现有的基于数学表达式的水质预测模型很难将这些因素都考虑进去,而且预测的是一个具体的数值.利用马尔可夫链预测水质所处状态概率,实质上是预测水质指标带有一定置信水平的置信区间,在可以完全满足实际需要的前提下,扩大了预测的范围,相对地提高了预测的精确度.介绍了马尔科夫模型的基本原理,并且将其应用到黄河三门峡河段的水质预测中,总体效果基本满意.     

“植筋技术”及其在脱硫烟道改造工程中的应用

提出了植筋技术在脱硫烟道改造、加固中所起的作用,阐述了植筋的工艺流程、施工要点及注意事项,认为植筋技术的应用和发展前景看好,其应用研究具有很高的实用价值.     

SNCR-SCR烟气脱硝技术及其应用

SNCR-SCR烟气脱硝技术是结合了SCR技术高效、SNCR技术投资省的特点而发展起来的一种新型、成熟的工艺.详细介绍了混合SNCR-SCR工艺的特点,并结合台湾某电厂的运行资料,将这种工艺与单一SCR和SNCR工艺进行了技术经济比较.     

国务院办公厅关于转发发展改革委等部门促进扩大内需鼓励汽车家电以旧换新实施方案的通知：促进扩大内需鼓励汽车、家电“以旧换新”实施方案

各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构：发展改革委、财政部、商务部、工业和信息化部、环境保护部《促进扩大内需鼓励汽车、家电“以旧换新”实施方案》已经国务院同意，现转发给你们，请认真贯彻执行。     

天津滨海英驰集团被南开区政府授予2007年度重点企业称号

2008年2月22日下午,预备役高炮师举行合成党委全体（扩大）会议。天津市委副书记、市长、预备役高炮师党委第一政委黄兴国出席会议并讲话。天津市委常委、警备区司令员王小京,警备区政委谢建华,天津市委常委、常务副市长杨栋梁出席会议。     

战略环评与流域水电规划环评实践

简要介绍了战略环评在国内外的发展过程,论述了战略环评的概念和研究思路.在此基础上,针对目前云南省广泛开展的水电开发活动,论述了其带来的环境影响.根据云南省内几条流域水电开发的环评实践,提出了流域水电开发环评应关注的重点,包括相关部门的协调和正确掌握环评政策,关注流域水电建设可能对环境产生的累积影响,有效保护以鱼类为主的水生生物,确定流域的最小生态流量,重视公众参与等.     

湿式石灰石/石膏法烟气脱硫帮助系统的开发研究

为帮助工程技术人员全面掌握湿式石灰石/石膏法烟气脱硫技术,开发了湿法烟气脱硫帮助系统软件,该软件以Visual Basic 6.0作为开发平台,Access数据库为开发工具,实现了知识查询及知识库管理、维护等功能.     

锰渣脱硫制硫酸锰技术在电解锰行业的应用

介绍了某电解锰企业锰渣煅烧含高浓度SO₂烟气的资源化处理路线,阐述了氧化锰矿浆烟气脱硫制MnSO₄技术的工艺设计。该烟气脱硫制MnSO₄装置运行稳定,尾气中SO₂质量浓度为32.1~51.9 mg/m³,达到排放设计要求,脱硫装置产生的MnSO₄浆液中Mn²⁺质量浓度为(40±1)g/L,连二硫酸锰质量浓度小于5 g/L,满足电解锰生产要求。     

天然黏土材料附着纳米TiO2对 电解锰渣中锰的吸附固定

采用机械球磨法对膨润土、硅藻土、高岭土3种天然黏土材料进行预处理,通过超声法将纳米TiO_2附着于其上制得复合材料,考察了不同复合材料加入量及养护时间条件下复合材料对电解锰渣中Mn的吸附固定效果。3种天然黏土材料中,硅藻土的平均粒径最小,比表面积和总孔隙度最大,对水中Mn的吸附量也最大。黏土材料附着纳米TiO_2后对电解锰渣中Mn的吸附固定效果较单纯黏土材料有明显改善。在养护时间为12 d、硅藻土附着纳米Ti O_2复合材料加入量为10%(w)的最佳条件下,Mn的TCLP浸出量较原电解锰渣下降了83.04%。     

锰氧化物的零价汞吸附性能初探

以不同锰盐为锰源制备了三种锰氧化物,并将其作为吸附剂用于模拟烟气中零价汞的脱除。采用PXRD、TEM、N2吸附、H2－TPR、XPS等技术手段对制备的吸附剂进行了表征,利用固定床装置考察了其在不同温度下对模拟烟气中零价汞的吸附能力,并对穿透后吸附剂的脱附性能进行试验探讨。结果表明不同锰源制备的锰氧化物在低温条件下对零价汞的吸附性能不同,其中以硝酸锰为锰源制备的锰氧化物具有较高的吸附性能,并且吸附在锰氧化物表面的汞能够在加热条件下释放出来。另外,试验还发现当烟气中无SO2时,制备的吸附剂具有较好的循环使用性能。     

三维电极法处理含钴、锰废水

采用三维电极法对工业精对苯二甲酸(PTA)装置产生的含钴、锰废水进行处理.通过与传统二维电极法的处理效果进行比较,论证了三维电极法脱除Co2+,Mn2+的优越性.探究了填料类型、极板间电压、粒子电极填充比(粒子电极质量(g)与废水体积(mL)的比)、极板间距等工艺参数对Co2+,Mn2+脱除率的影响.实验结果表明,适宜...     

从废旧锌锰电池中回收锌和锰的工艺研究

废旧锌锰干电池经过剖开、焙烧处理,去除汞和碳粉,再用硫酸浸取,滤液采用沉淀法分离锌和锰.锌和锰的回收率分别为94.5%和93.6%.     

Recycling of electrolytic manganese solid waste in autoclaved bricks preparation in China

China has played a dominant role in global electrolytic manganese metal (EMM) production, accounting for over 98 % of the total world capacity since 2008. However, with the rapid development of the EMM industry and depletion of mineral ores, electrolytic manganese solid waste (EMSW) is piling up, so more large-scale landfills are needed. The environmental problems generated by EMSW pose severe threats to soil and ground water, and have become the hot issues in society. The aim is to consume and recycle EMSW, and the primary route is to make autoclaved bricks. However, less attention has been given to the procedure and strength-forming mechanism of EMSW bricks, not to mention the production line of the brick. On the basis of physical and chemical property analysis, the pretreatment process of EMSW was indispensable to solidify/stabilize the heavy metals, such as Mn, Zn, Cd, Pb, etc.. This paper expatiated on the procedure of making EMSW autoclaved bricks, analyzed in detail the strength formed by different cementitious materials with cement properties, and introduced the practical engineering of EMSW autoclaved bricks. The results showed that the pretreatment process with quicklime was effective in solidifying/stabilizing the heavy metals. The compressive strength of EMSW bricks reached 10.05 MPa when quicklime 9 % (w/w) added. Cement may be an ideal cementitious material to create EMSW bricks of high strength in experiments and on the production line. Quicklime and cement used simultaneously produced a lower strength than that when adding cement alone because the gypsum from EMSW and an alkali could generate deleterious effects, e.g., expansion or burst. In the production line of EMSW bricks, an appropriate mix proportion to make high-quality autoclaved bricks was determined: EMSW 30–40 %, cement 10–20 %, and aggregates 40–60 %. The low content of heavy metals tested by toxicity leaching may deduce that the EMSW autoclaved bricks have low environmental risk. However, long-term environmental risk evaluation will be needed, requiring more tests and leaching modeling. Employing EMSW to make high-quality autoclaved bricks may be a promising waste-to-resource strategy.     

有机物料对废碱锰电池的溶解作用研究

采用润湿好气-腐解培养法,研究有机物料对废碱锰电池的溶解作用,分析了培养时间对pH值,N,K,Zn和Mn溶出的影响。结果表明,稻草、鸡粪和鸽子粪处理培养过程中产生腐殖酸对废电池干粉均有溶解作用,其pH值明显降低;所有处理TN,Zn,Mn都呈现先增加后减小的趋势,15 d时溶量最大,以鸽子粪处理溶出较多;TK的溶出较慢,培养到10 d后才有溶出,均呈现逐渐增大的趋势;而TP溶出则规律性不强。     

Modeling of manganese recovery from waste Li-ion batteries by gene expression programming

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Modeling of leaching process as a function of operational variables can specify an accurate perspective in the forecasting of valuable...     

Investigation on the heavy metal content of zinc-carbon and alkaline manganese dry cells

The objective of this work was to test the compliance of commercially available batteries with the German Battery Ordinance, a project of the German government that was initiated by the Federal Environment Agency. Different types of commercially available dry cells were analysed for their cadmium, lead and mercury contents. The dry cells underwent mechanical pre-treatment, separation of the different components and microwave-assisted digestion before determination of the heavy metals. Mercury is sometimes added to prevent the generation of gaseous hydrogen from the electrochemical process. Lead could be present since it is sometimes used as an alloying element of zinc. Cadmium has no technical importance and is an undesirable impurity. None of the batteries contained higher heavy metal mass fractions than the permissible limits.     

Thermal treatment for recovery of manganese and zinc from zinc-carbon and alkaline spent batteries

The aim of this paper is the recovery of manganese and zinc from a mixture of zinc-carbon and alkaline spent batteries, containing 40.9% of Mn and 30.1% of Zn, after preliminary physical treatment followed by removal of mercury. Separation of the metals has been carried out on the basis of their different boiling points, being 357°C and 906°C the boiling point of mercury and zinc and 1564°C the melting point of Mn(2)O(3). Characterization by chemical analysis, TGA/DTA and X-ray powder diffraction of the mixture has been carried out after comminution sieving and shaking table treatment to remove the anodic collectors and most of chlorides contained in the mixture. The mixture has been roasted at various temperatures and resident times in a flow of air to set the best conditions to remove mercury that were 400°C and 10min. After that, the flow of air has been turned into a nitrogen one (inert atmosphere) and the temperatures raised, thus permitting the zinc oxide to be reduced to metallic zinc by the carbon present in the original mixture and recovered after volatilization as a high grade concentrate, while manganese was left in the residue. The recovery and the grade of the two metals, at 1000°C and 30min residence time, were 84% and 100% for zinc and 85% and 63% for manganese, respectively. The recovery of zinc increased to 99% with a grade of 97% at 1200°C and 30min residence time, while the recovery and grade of manganese were 86% and 87%, respectively, at that temperature. Moreover, the chlorinated compounds that could form by the combustion of the plastics contained in the spent batteries, are destroyed at the temperature required by the process.