共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
《环境保护》2017,(24)
国家和地方在生态保护补偿方面做了大量工作,积累了一定经验,补偿领域逐渐由单一领域走向综合补偿、补偿范围由省内拓展到省际间、补偿资金由切块分配转向与成效挂钩、补偿方式由资金补偿拓展到多元化补偿。但在工作实践中仍存在生态保护补偿立法滞后,标准体系不完善;内涵的理解不全面,补偿方式较单一;国家层面生态保护补偿政策综合性效果有待进一步提高;上下游地区间横向生态保护补偿长效机制尚未完全建立;缺乏系统有效的监测评估机制等问题。对此本文提出了扩大补偿范围,继续推进流域上下游横向生态保护补偿;做好重点生态功能区转移支付的配套管理;加强跨界断面水质监测、考核和绩效评价;完善配套制度与标准体系;创新政策协同机制等建议。 相似文献
5.
近年来,在河北在省委、省政府领导的高度关注和支持下,我省在环境保护方面出台了一系列政策措施:以“双三十”为龙头的节能减排工作,被称为“摘帽子”工程,取得了明显成效,在国家有关部门的现场考核和核查中,我省减排工作得到高度评价;“子牙河”生态补偿金扣缴政策,今年成功地推广到全省七大水系主要河流实行跨界断面水质目标考核,让一些违法排污企业无处藏身,露出了“真面目”,六家违法企业被列为典型环境违法案件实施省级挂牌督办; 相似文献
6.
澜沧江--湄公河次区域生物多样性保护的法律合作机制 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了次区域生物多样性保护法律合作的国际因素,认为应构建报告与信息共享、跨界野生动物迁徙法律保护、区域环境影响评价、森林保护预警、建立跨界自然保护区、跨界生物安全预防合作及公众参与等制度。 相似文献
7.
博弈视角下跨界河流水资源保护协作机制——以太湖流域太浦河为例 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
跨界河流水资源保护利益协调问题是流域水资源管理的难点。以太湖流域典型跨界河流太浦河为例,对比分析上下游水资源保护利益诉求,基于博弈理论,引入外部驱动(流域机构介入、激励约束政策)与内部均衡(生态补偿、断面水质考核)四种协调手段,探讨均衡太浦河上下游利益矛盾、激励上下游实现合作保护的协作机制。结果表明:(1)在引入协调手段的博弈模型中,实现了博弈系统向协作策略(达标,补偿)演化。(2)基于博弈分析结果,协作策略(达标,补偿)的实现与激励约束力度、补偿金额、水权、上游保护成本与效益等因素密切相关。(3)外部驱动机制有利于协调上下游河流功能定位需求差异,并调动上下游加强协作保护的积极性与主动性;内部均衡机制有利于弥补上游水权、产业发展等利益损失,并倒逼太浦河水质达标、保障下游取水安全。(4)构建的太浦河水资源保护协作机制,可为加快推进长三角一体化协同发展,建设流域“清水走廊”提供理论与决策支持参考。 相似文献
8.
9.
2012年8月27日,中俄环保部门在中俄界河黑龙江黑河段开展了2012年明水期跨界水体水质联合临测,此次联合监测是根据《2012年度中俄跨界水体水质联合监测实施方案》要求进行的。 相似文献
10.
11.
利用事件史分析(EHA)模型对河长制政策2010~2016年在省级层面的扩散进行实证研究,结果表明:水污染越是严重的地区,越倾向于采纳河长制,平均而言,人均水污染排放量每增加一个单位,一个省份河长制政策得到采纳的优势会增加30.2%;财政自给率在水污染严重程度与河长制采纳之间具有负向调节效应,即面临严重的环境污染,财政自给率高的省份不太倾向于采纳河长制,而财政自给率低的省份则更加倾向于采纳河长制;河长制政策采纳具有明显的政治周期性,在党代会召开的当年,省政府更加倾向于采纳河长制;邻近省份的政策采纳并不会对河长制的横向扩散产生显著影响. 相似文献
12.
Public support for environmental policy provides an important foundation for democratic governance. Numerous policy innovations may improve nonpoint source pollution, but little research has examined which types of individuals are likely to support various runoff reduction policies. We conducted a household mail survey of 1136 residents in southern Wisconsin. In general, residents were more likely to support water quality policies if they were communitarians, egalitarians, concerned about water pollution, and perceived water quality as poor. The majority of respondents somewhat to strongly supported all of the seven proposed water quality policies, but opposed relying on voluntary action without government involvement on farms. Residents had higher support for incentives and market-based approaches (carrot policies) than regulation and taxes (stick policies). A more complicated pattern emerged in within-subject comparisons of residents’ views of carrot and stick approaches. Stick approaches polarized respondents by decreasing support among people with individualistic worldviews, while slightly increasing support among people with communitarian worldviews. Residents with an agricultural occupation were more likely to support voluntary, non-governmental approaches for reducing agricultural runoff, and were also more likely to support regulation for reducing urban lawn runoff. This research highlights the dominant role of cultural worldviews and the secondary roles of water pollution concern, perceived water quality, and self-interest in explaining support for diverse policies to reduce nonpoint source pollution. 相似文献
13.
14.
《Environmental Science & Policy》2008,11(2):97-101
The need to understand and mitigate diffuse water pollution from agriculture (DWPA) using a range of monitoring or modelling techniques and abatement methods has never been greater. In response to the widely reported detrimental environmental impacts of such pollution and the desire to safeguard water resources, a number of important legislative drivers have been introduced, including the Water Framework Directive (WFD) for EU member states. Efforts to commission research and introduce policy options that address the key requirements of over-arching legislation, increasingly point to a number of common and important issues for policy makers. Whereas our understanding of, and ability to predict, pollutant loadings is reasonably well developed, coupling such pressures to ecological impacts remains a difficult task due to the limited functionality of available toolkits. It is important for mitigation programmes to consider multiple pollutants especially given the risks of pollution swapping and to support the uptake of abatement options that are economically and socially acceptable to the stakeholders involved. Appropriate spatial targeting of mitigation methods will continue to come under scrutiny, especially in the context of additional environmental pressures like climate change. Given its key role in governing the transfer and fate of priority nutrients and contaminants and its well-documented negative habitat impacts, sediment must be given a higher profile in diffuse pollution policy. The latter does, however, require further investigation of background sediment loads necessary for healthy habitats and associated sediment standards or thresholds, in order that catchment compliance can be more reliably assessed. Delayed water quality response to the mitigation of DWPA must be assessed and understood, as a means of informing stakeholders and policy options. A further challenge is posed by the need to place DWPA in the context of pollution from alternative sectors so that a more holistic approach to understanding and managing pressures and impacts and engaging stakeholders can be encouraged. 相似文献
15.
16.
17.
本文就实施城市水污染集中控制中所涉及到的政策与管理问题进行了较为全面、系统的介绍和论述;阐明了城市水污染集中控制管理系统和控制管理指标,对城市水污染集中控制制度施行的意义和影响. 相似文献
18.
在环境污染事故高发、未来全国环境政策将更多地借助于市场力量的背景下,评析了在武汉市实施环境污染责任险的必要性,分析了武汉市环境污染责任险实践中所存在的问题,并提出了未来政策改革的建议。指出近期内武汉市应主要在重点行业、饮用水源地推进政策试点,相关部门应积极配合、联合研发政策推行所需的关键支撑技术和信息平台,并积极培育政策向成熟发展所需配套的法律及政策环境。 相似文献
19.
常熟市昆承湖水质时空变异特征和环境压力分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用综合指数法对近年来昆承湖水质变化趋势进行了分析,用模糊数学综合评价法对该湖2005年水质进行评价,用等级聚类法进一步分析了其水质的空间差异,用TSIM方法分析了昆承湖富营养化状况。结果表明:1998-2004年间,昆承湖污染总体上呈加重趋势,2003年污染最严重,在各污染因子中,氮污染负荷最大;昆承湖为Ⅴ类水或劣Ⅴ类水体;由于陆源污染差异和围网养殖的影响,湖区污染程度北湖>湖西区>南湖区;昆承湖TSIM>70,呈现较严重富营养化。并分析了昆承湖所承受的巨大环境压力。 相似文献
20.
重庆市水环境污染问题及其防治对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了重庆市水污染物的排放情况和水质状况,得出了水污染的主要特征是:以有机污染为主,次级河流污染最重,从时空上看,长江干流丰水期污染明显,城市江段污染重于非城市江段,并在城市江段形成了明显的岸边污染带,在此基础之上,分析了水污染日趋严重的主要原因,并提出了防治水污染的措施。 相似文献