资源所有权制度改革与西部地区经济发展

随着资源的开采，西部许多地区不是越来越富而是越来越穷，形成了资源富有与经济落后的强烈反差，出现了“富饶的贫困”现象。在资源所有权制度改革中应充分考虑资源利益的多主体性和不同利益主体之间的利益综合平衡，尤其需要考虑到资源所在地的利益问题，确立资源地区对属地资源的收益权，增强资源地自我约束、自我积累、自我发展的能力，才能保证西部资源的开发能有效地带动当地经济的发展。     

嘉陵江流域旅游经济发展的限制性因素分析

嘉陵江是长江最大的支流,嘉陵江流域是长江上游重要的生态屏障。流域旅游资源丰富,但丰富的旅游资源不为世人所了解,资源本身没能发挥其应有的价值,丰富的旅游资源和流域落后的旅游经济形成强烈反差。嘉陵江流域是中国西部旅游资源极具开发潜力的一个区域,后发优势明显。分析流域旅游业发展的限制性因素,有利于流域旅游资源的开发。从流域区位条件、资源条件、经济基础、旅游市场营销、旅游基础设施和旅游服务等方面分析了制约该流域旅游经济发展的主要因素。     

“四荒”资源的开发利用途径：以铜梁县为例

开发利用荒山（坡）、荒草地和荒水资源是当前农业向深度开发的重要内容。本文分析了铜梁县“四荒”资源的现状、开发“四荒”资源的措施和经验，提出了开发利用“四荒”资源的主要途径。     

远安县农业后备资源评价及开发利用

人口膨涨、资源短缺是人类21世纪面临的两大难题,合理开发和利用农业后备资源缓解人口与资源矛盾的重要途径。笔者根据农业区划成果和农业后备资源调查资料,分析了远安县农业后备资源的现状及开发潜力,提出了农业后备资源开发利用的设想,并针对性地提出了措施及建议.     

四川农业资源开发利用与保护对策

农业资源系指农业自然资源和农村经济社会资源的总称。本文试从四川农业资源的特点和开发利用与保护存在的问题,探索农业资源开发与保护的策略。     

两江源区农业资源及其开发

在分析长江和澜沧江源区流域农业资源状况及其开发潜力的基础上,探讨了农业资源开发的不利因素,论述了两江源区流域农业资源开发的意义,最后提出了农业资源开发利用的措施。     

新时代高校环境教育混合型教学模式研究

<正>环境问题已经成为制约社会发展的重要因素,生态文明建设的重要地位与目前高校尚未成熟的环境教育体系形成强烈反差。随着中国特色社会主义事业进入重要历史机遇期,生态文明建设、环境保护、自然资源开发开采、自然与人和谐发展等字眼逐渐走入人们的视野,进而成为当今社会人们衡量生活水平的重要指标,同时也成为了幸福感、满足感、获得感     

磐安县农业后备土地资源开发潜力与途径

磐安县农业后备土地资源开发潜力与途径吕思田（淅江省磐安县农业区划办公室，磐安３２２３００）１９９１年，我县开展了由县农业区划办牵头，农业、林业、水电、土地管理等部门参加的全县农业综合开发后备土地资源评价研究工作。从全县农业后备土地资源调查看，“四低”...     

攀枝花市资源开发与经济持续发展研究

攀枝花市是我国西部重要的能源、原材料生产基地和资源开发型城市，矿产、水能和农业自然资源是其最具开发优势的资源。从20世纪60年代中期以来大规模的资源开发促进了现代钢铁工业基地和城市社会经济的快速发展，但同时也带来了严重的生态环境问题：地质灾害、环境污染与生态破坏。针对攀枝花市资源开发利用中存在的资源开发结构单一、资源综合利用程度低、生态环境问题突出等问题，作者提出了实现资源合理开发与经济持续发展的相应措施。     

攀西地区农业开发条件、潜力与对策

攀西地区位于四川省的西南部,包括攀枝花市和凉山州的全部。幅员面积6.75万km~2,1988年末人口为437.3万人。攀西不仅矿产、水能资源举世瞩目,而且光热资源丰富,宜农荒地资源多,农业开发条件好、潜力大,是国家原材料、能源和农业开发的重点地区。本文拟就种植业为重点,对攀西农业开发条件、潜力和对策进行分析论证,以引起社会重视,使之尽快列为全国农业开发的重点区,进行先期开发。     

DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT OF LAND/WATER RESOURCES: THE EVERGLADES,AGRICULTURE, AND SOUTH FLORIDA1

ABSTRACT: South Florida and the Everglades have been under intensive development since 1850 by Federal and State governments who encouraged and financed extensive drainage and hydraulic changes, primarily for agricultural settlement. Agricultural development of the sugar industry in the northern Everglades adjacent to Lake Okeechobee rapidly progressed only after the 1900s. Political and resource management conflicts have arisen because policies which once favored development are now being reversed by policies and regulation efforts to restore and conserve natural ecosystems. Currently, the environmental and ecological impacts of agricultural land use adjacent to natural wtlands of the Everglades are being assessed. The objectives of this paper are: (1) to outline the historical development of south Florida and the sugar industry, (2) to relate this history to political and management policy changes occurring as it pertains to ecosystem restoration and the multiuser competition for water/land resources, and (3) to propose how integrated resource management might be utilized for a sustainable Everglades and south Florida. This paper outlines the historical paradox of urban settlement, land development, and agricultural production, with efforts in the recent decade to acquire, manage, and preserve land and water resources for natural areas conservation. Only though the use of integrated resource management will the defined resource conflicts be mediated.     

农业自然资源综合管理立法与农业可持续发展

本文通过对持续农业的法律内涵、农业自然资源的普遍特征及中国资源立法现状分析,建议制定农业自然资源综合管理法规,以确保农业自然资源的合理利用和有效管理,推动农业的持续发展     

A data mining approach to simulating farmers' crop choices for integrated water resources management

Water and land resources in Thailand are increasingly under pressure from development. In particular, there are many resource conflicts associated with agricultural production in northern Thailand. Communities in these areas are significantly constrained in the land and water management decisions they are able to make. This paper describes the application of a data mining approach to describing and simulating farmers' decision rules in a catchment in northern Thailand. This approach is being applied to simulate social, economic and biophysical constraints on farmers' decisions in these areas as part of an integrated water management model.     

Integrated Resource Management: Moving from Rhetoric to Practice in Australian Agriculture

/ Implementing the concept of sustainability through integrated approaches to natural resource management poses enormous challenges for both the rural communities and government agencies concerned. This paper reviews the underlying rhetoric of sustainable agricultural systems and the integrated resource management paradigm and identifies some of the challenges being experienced in translating this rhetoric into practice. A relatively recently implemented community-based integrated catchment management (ICM) process in a rural community in northeast Australia is examined in terms of some of the lessons learned that may be relevant to other similar integrated resource management (IRM) processes. It reveals a pragmatic, opportunistic, and evolving implementation process based on adaptive learning rather than a more traditional "rational" planning approach. Some essential characteristics of a community-based IRM process are identified, including fostering communication; providing a structure that fosters cooperation and facilities coordination among community, industry, and government agencies; the integration of IRM principles into local government planning schemes; and an emergent strategic approach to IRM program implementation. We conclude by identifying some essential characteristics of an IRM process that can assist a community to adapt to, and manage change for, sustainable resource use.     

Poverty and biodiversity in rural areas based on two investigations in Pujiang County,China

This study presents an integrated framework for the analysis of options of agricultural development and natural resource management at the ecosystem level. Pujiang County in Zhejiang Province, China, is used as a case-study area. The IMGLP model is applied to maximize regional agricultural economic surplus and labor market conditions in Pujiang. The consequences of four poverty reduction strategies (intensification of production, diversification toward livestock production, land expansion, and exit from agriculture) are determined for a set of regional poverty and biodiversity indicators. Diversification seems to be the most promising poverty reduction strategy, but requires an efficient use of animal manure in cropping systems to avoid environmental problems. Improved nutrient management in cropping systems is effective in reducing the regional nitrogen surplus, but less effective in increasing per capita income. The exit strategy is beneficial for reducing poverty and achieving biodiversity, but may have important social consequences that are not addressed in this study. Further reduction of rural poverty is hampered by labor constraints during the harvesting period for high-value crops such as vegetables and fruits. These constraints can be overcome by intensive research and development in the field of agricultural mechanization.     

Material flow analysis for a sustainable resource management in island ecosystems

The Galapagos Archipelago (Ecuador) is one of the most well-known natural sites in the world for its unique biodiversity. This sensitive ecosystem is at risk due to a problematic equilibrium between its conservation policy and development demand. To contribute to implementing integrated sustainable resource management in the Galapagos Islands, a material flow analysis (MFA) of Santa Cruz – the island with the highest anthropic pressure in the archipelago – has been performed, outlining a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the direct flow of goods throughout the system. MFA outcomes have been used to evaluate and forecast the impact of some policies and strategies on the local system, focusing in particular on fossil fuel consumption and local agricultural production. This case study stresses the need to introduce a local MFA protocol to decision-makers’ toolbox, as it provides quantitative assessments on a broad spectrum of local development issues.     

湖北省荆沙区域国土资源优势与制约因素探讨

本文探讨了湖北省荆沙市的区域资源优势和发展经济的制约因素，对推动湖北省农村经济的持续发展将起到积极的作用．     

Integrated resource assessment and sustainable land use

Decision makers and planners in resource sectors recognize, at least in theory, the multiple uses of land, reflecting possible choices and options for society, and the need to evaluate the economic, social, and environmental implications of these choices. As such, the need for integrated resource management is now widely accepted in resource planning. This article contributes to the understanding of sustainable resource development through a specific case study. An integrated analytical system is developed and applied to the Peace River Region, British Columbia, Canada, to examine the impacts of a wide range of land-use options and policies upon the achievement of multiple resource use goals. The results indicate that an integrated approach in land resource analysis is not only possible but a necessary step in the move to develop procedures for assisting public decision makers in integrating the diverse functions of the land resource base and to revise demands or develop alternative strategies in order to move society closer to sustainable outcomes.     

废水资源化是解决水资源紧缺的有效途径

我国水资源人均占有量少,污染严重,综合利用程度低,水资源的短缺已成为制约区域经济社会发展重要因素。本文结合实例分析,提出了提高水资源的综合利用程度,推行废水资源化是解决这一问题的有效途径。     

河西走廊绿色农业循环模式研究

以绿色农业理念为基础,针对河西走廊绿洲灌区环境资源特点、产业优势及生产中存在的问题,通过对当地玉米、小麦两大主栽作物秸秆饲料化利用、肉牛健康养殖、废弃物综合利用、农畜产品生产全程质量监控等技术的组装配套,研究总结形成种养结合、资源循环利用、清洁生产的绿色农业发展模式,即种养结合型模式＂玉米-牛-沼-肥＂、大田设施配套型模式＂小麦-菇-肥-果（葡萄）＂、小型养殖场型模式＂牛-沼/蚯蚓-肥/饲料＂,并对模式的原理、特点、技术集成要点及效益进行阐述分析。对该3种模式在武威市凉州区谢河镇示范验证,农田节水30%,秸秆养殖利用率达到60%,牛羊良种化率提高30%,奶牛母犊牛生产率达88%,减少化肥施用量20%,减少生活能源支出55%,减少农业废弃物排放75%,提高农业综合效益36%。