河南某污灌区土壤-作物-人发系统重金属迁移与积累

开展污灌区土壤-作物-人发系统(SCHS)重金属迁移与积累研究,对于维护农田生态系统和人体健康具有重要意义.以河南某污灌区为例,采集土壤和小麦籽粒样品各27份、人发样品355份,用原子吸收法测定Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd含量,用二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸银分光光度法测定As含量,开展重金属在SCHS中的迁移与积累探讨.结果表明,污灌区土壤和小麦籽粒发生了不同程度的重金属污染.土壤Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和As平均含量分别为40.63、203.47、22.10、1.84、26.87 mg·kg-1,小麦籽粒中上述重金属平均含量分别为10.10、25.83、0.87、0.56、0.35 mg·kg-1,都高于对照区.污灌区人发中上述重金属平均含量分别为14.11、143.13、13.24、0.19、1.97 mg·kg-1,高于对照区,人发多数重金属含量随年龄增长呈增加趋势,男性高于女性.污灌区人发对小麦籽粒重金属的富集系数(BAF人发/小麦)远大于小麦籽粒对土壤重金属的富集系数(BAF小麦/土壤),人发对大多数重金属的放大作用显著.在SCHS中,大多数重金属沿土壤→小麦籽粒→人发的迁移与积累曲线呈不规则"V"形,长期污灌样点的土壤和小麦籽粒重金属污染程度、人发重金属含量都高于"清污"混灌的样点.     

富集因子法中参比元素的选取方法——以元江底泥中重金属污染评价为例

富集因子法中参比元素的选择对目标元素富集程度评价及源解析结果有至关重要的影响,盲目选用可能会导致偏颇或错误的结论,但目前鲜有针对参比元素的选择所进行的探讨.本文以元江沉积物中重金属元素污染水平评价及来源解析为例,详细介绍了运用顺序提取法、相关分析法、聚类分析法等化学分析和数理统计相结合并联系研究区域地球化学背景、产业分布及元素特性确定参比元素的方法.并采用所选出的参比元素进行富集因子法分析,将所得重金属污染等级评价结果及重金属来源的推论与地积累指数法对重金属污染等级评价的结果和以因子分析法对重金属溯源的推论相比较.结果表明,利用相关分析和顺序提取等方法选择参比元素是可靠可行的.     

Partitioning of heavy metals in the surface sediments of Quanzhou Bay wetland and its availability to Suaeda australis

In order to investigate distributions of heavy metal pollution in Quanzhou Bay wetland, the total concentration and chemical partitioning of a number of heavy metals （Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, Hg） in sediments of three sampling sites of Quanzhou Bay wetland and their availability to Suaeda australis were analyzed. The Geoaccumulation Index （Igeo） values reveal that the sediments of three sampling sites may all be considered as moderately contaminated for Pb and Zn, and all sediments might be strongly contaminated with cadmium. The partitioning analyses revealed the measured heavy metals in three sites are bound to the exchangeable fraction at lower concentrations. The measured metals in a considerable amount are bound to the reducible and oxidizable fractions, and a high proportion of the measured heavy metals were distributed in the residual fraction in the sediment samples. The concentrations of Cd in each chemical phase extracted from the sediments are above natural global background levels and should be further investigated because of its toxicity. Suaeda australis has different accumulation abilities for the measured heavy metals. For the root and stem, the bioaccumulation ability assessed by bioaccumulation factor （BAF） for the measured heavy metals follows the decreasing order as： Cu〉Cr〉 Zn〉Cd, Pb, Hg. In the leaf, stronger bioaccumulation ability for Hg is exhibited. The heavy metal concentrations in Suaeda australis roots have positive correlations with their available fractions, while the exchangeable fraction of Cu and Cd might have be more important to both mature plant roots and seedling roots uptake than other fractions; as for Cr, the oxidizable fraction might make a greater contribution to the plant root uptake; as for Zn, the reducible fraction might make so contribution ; and for Pb, the oxidizable fraction might make a significant contribution to the mature plant root uptake, however, the exchangeable fraction might have a significant contribution to the seedling root uptake.     

Concentrations and chemical forms of potentially toxic metals in road-deposited sediments from different zones of Hangzhou, China

The 25 road-deposited sediments were collected from five different land-use zones (industrial, residential, commercial, park, and countryside) in Hangzhou, China. The concentrations of metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in these samples were determined using the ICP-AES after digestion with the mixture of HNO3-HF-HCl (aqua regia), and chemically fractionated using the modified BCR (the European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure. The highest metal concentration level was detected in the sample from industrial zone and commercial zone having heavy traffic. While the lowest metal level was noted in the street dust sample from residential zone, park, and countryside zone. The mobility sequence based on the sum of the BCR sequential extraction stages was: Zn (80.28%), Pb (78.68%), Cd (77.66%) ＞ Cu (73.34%) ＞ Mn (67.92%) ＞ Co (41.66%) ＞ Ni (30.36%) ＞ Cr (21.56%), Fe (20.86%). Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were applied to the data matrix to evaluate the analytical results and to identify the possible pollution sources of metals. Factor analysis showed that these areas were mainly contaminated by three sources, namely lithology, traffic, and industry.     

北京市得田沟和崎峰茶金矿周边土壤中重金属的粒径分布特征

以北京市得田沟和崎峰茶金矿周边土壤为研究对象,运用斯托克斯沉降法研究土壤颗粒组成及重金属在不同粒径中的分布特征.结果表明,土壤颗粒主要以0.15 mm粒级为主,含量达到51.19%~79.75%,其次为0.15~0.05 mm粒级土壤,含量为14.67%~38.99%,粒级0.05~0.01 mm土壤含量为0.18%~7.6%,粒级0.01 mm的土壤含量仅占1.71%~5.95%.除Ti和V外,其它金属元素的含量具有明显的粒级效应,随着土壤粒径的减小而增大,但大多数金属元素不在最细粒级上达到最大值,而是在0.002~0.001 mm粒级上最大.金属元素在不同粒级上的累积效应与粒级上的含量相一致,金属元素在较细粒级上的累积作用明显强于粗粒级.细粒级土壤含有较高的金属含量,对人类健康危害极大,应积极采取有效措施防止极细粒级土壤进入空气和水源.     

Concentrations and chemical forms of potentially toxic metals in road-deposited sediments from di erent zones of Hangzhou, China

The 25 road-deposited sediments were collected from five di erent land-use zones (industrial, residential, commercial, park, and countryside) in Hangzhou, China. The concentrations of metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in these samples were determined using ICP-AES after digestion with the mixture of HNO3-HF-HCl (aqua regia), and chemically fractionated according to the modified BCR (the European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure. The high metal concentration levels were detected in the sample from industrial zone and commercial zone having heavy tra c. While the low metal levels were noted in the street dust sample from residential zone, park, and countryside zone. The mobility sequence based on the sum of the BCR sequential extraction stages was: Zn (80.28%), Pb (78.68%), Cd (77.66%) > Cu (73.34%) > Mn (67.92%) > Co (41.66%) > Ni (30.36%) > Cr (21.56%), Fe (20.86%). Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were applied to the data matrix to evaluate the analytical results and to identify the possible pollution sources of metals. Factor analysis showed that these areas were mainly contaminated by three sources, namely lithology, tra c, and industry.     

组配改良剂对污染稻田中铅、镉和砷生物有效性的影响

选取湖南某矿区重金属和砷复合污染稻田土,以盆栽实验研究了施用组配改良剂LMF(碳酸钙+偏高岭土+钙镁磷肥)对土壤中Pb、Cd和As的生物有效性和水稻糙米中Pb、Cd和As累积效应的影响.结果表明:施用LMF能显著增加供试土壤pH值、交换性盐基总量(TEB)和阳离子交换量(CEC),对盐基饱和度(BS)和有机质(OM)含量无显著影响.施用LMF能显著降低土壤中Pb、Cd的交换态和酸可提取态含量,以及降低Pb的TCLP提取态含量,对Cd的TCLP提取态含量无明显效果.LMF施用使土壤中As的交换态和TCLP提取态含量呈现先下降后上升的趋势,且均在施用量为2 g·kg-1时含量最低.随着LMF施用量的增加,水稻糙米中Pb、Cd的含量分别降低了8.44%~99.6%、27.5%~74.1%,而水稻糙米中As含量呈现出先下降后上升的趋势.除Cd的TCLP提取态和酸可提取态外,Pb、Cd和As的其它提取态含量与其在水稻糙米中的含量均呈现出显著正相关关系(p0.05或p0.01).     

油污染土壤重金属赋存形态和生物有效性研究

采用逐级提取法对江苏某油区5个已污染的碱性土壤中的Pb、Cd、As、Cr的金属赋存形态和在其上生长的植物的生物可给性进行了调查结果表明,除总Cd外,其他3种金属对土壤都有不同程度的污染污染类型不同,使莎草的生物有效性有较大差异,与对照点相比,除总Cr外,其它3种金属的生物富集系数明显降低金属赋存形态也有不同,其中Pb和Cr以铁锰结合态和残渣态为主,As以铁锰结合态、残渣态和有机质结合态为主,Cd以碳酸盐结合态和残渣态为主.     

苏州地区水稻土重金属污染源解析及端元影响量化研究

利用国家土壤质量标准和当地背景值评价了苏州地区表层水稻土重金属(Pb、Cd、As、Hg、Cu、Zn、Ni、Cr)的污染(富集)状况.结果发现,苏州地区土壤Cd、Hg、As、Pb、Zn、Cu、Cr和Ni平均含量分别是0.23、0.23、9.14、35.36、103.36、35.75、77.12和33.18μg·g-1;除As外,其余7种重金属平均含量皆明显高于当地土壤背景值.通过与中国土壤环境质量标准(GB15618—1995)相比,发现苏州地区土壤中Cd和Hg是8种重金属中风险最高的.地质累积指数分析表明,苏州水稻土重金属Cd、Hg、Pb、Cu和Zn出现了污染,其中以Cd和Hg的污染程度最突出,约80%的土壤样品出现了Pb轻度污染.因子得分-多元回归法(PCS-MLR)估算表明,70%的土壤Cd来自与有色金属或磷有关的人为活动;土壤中约50%的Pb和72%的Hg源于大气沉降的贡献;土壤的Zn和Cu污染主要来自与有色金属或磷有关的人为活动,该端元对土壤Zn和Cu的影响率分别为53%和45%.     

北部湾潮间带沉积物和双壳类动物中的重金属:污染特征与生物积累

环北部湾经济的迅猛发展对沿岸生态环境的人为干扰日益增强,其中潮间带受到的影响更大.研究该区域沉积物的重金属污染特征、来源及生物积累程度,对于北部湾的环境保护及管理十分重要.2011年10月,对北部湾潮间带13个站位的沉积物中7种重金属(Hg、Pb、Cd、Cr、Cu、Zn、As)、Al及总有机碳(TOC)含量和细颗粒(＜63 μm)比例进行测定,同时测定2种双壳类动物(波纹巴非蛤Paphia undulate和文蛤Meretrix meretrix)软组织中重金属含量.通过计算富集因子(EF)和生物-沉积物积累因子(BSAF),对沉积物中每种重金属的来源和生物积累潜力进行分析.结果表明,与世界其他海域相比,北部湾潮间带沉积物中重金属整体污染水平较低,但站位间差异明显;沉积物中的Cd、Pb、Zn、Cu主要来自人为污染,Cr、As和Hg则主要来自天然来源.双壳类动物体内重金属含量在站位间存在较明显差异,波纹巴非蛤和文蛤BSAF值由大到小依次为Cd (861％,1028％)＞Zn (281％,369％)＞Hg(243％,222％)＞Cu(125％,169％) ＞As(38％,42％)＞Cr(37％,23％)＞Pb(3.3％,2.2％);两种生物对Hg、As的积累程度差异不大,波纹巴非蛤对Pb、Cr的积累程度明显高于文蛤,对Cu、Zn、Cd的积累程度则明显低于文蛤.Pearson相关性分析表明,在粒径小、有机质多的沉积物中,多数重金属的生物可利用性降低,不易被双壳类动物吸收利用.     

苏南典型工农业交错区土壤铅富集特征及源解析 ——基于PCA-PMF方法

为阐明长江三角洲典型工农业交错区土壤中Pb富集特征以及污染源贡献,以常熟地区典型水稻土为研究对象,分析了该地区表层土壤和土壤剖面中Pb、Cu、Zn、Cd以及主量元素等的含量及Pb形态分布.结果显示,研究区表层土壤发生了显著的Pb富集,土壤Pb平均含量超出了当地水稻土Pb背景值近一倍,地学统计分析反映表层土壤Pb处于轻度...     

陕西某钼矿区土壤重金属污染特征及评价

针对陕西某钼矿区不同区域进行土壤样品采集,利用单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合指数和潜在生态风险指数法进行土壤污染评价与分析。结果表明:钼矿区周边土壤重金属Zn浓度最大,Cu、Zn变异系数分别为151.75%、137.85%,属于高等变异;土壤Cu污染最为严重,重度污染率达30.00%;矿坑下游河岸区域(Q2)和露天采矿区域(Q4)土壤综合潜在生态风险指数分别为323.84和382.24,为强潜在生态风险,周边农田区域为轻微潜在生态风险;研究区土壤各重金属潜在生态风险存在一定的差异性,其中Cd和Hg具有极强的潜在生态风险;土壤重金属污染在Q2、生活区域(Q3)和Q4区域内应重点防控,其中Cu、Zn、Cd和As的危害应引起重视。今后应加强矿产开采生产活动中的生态环境管控,避免和降低重金属污染转移;同时,钼矿区及周边区域整体上土壤重金属潜在生态风险可控,后期需进一步加强重点区域的环境风险监测。     

Changes of Cu, Zn, and Ni chemical speciation in sewage sludge co-composted with sodium sulfide and lime

A batch composting study was performed to evaluate the feasibility of co-composting sewage sludge with sodium sulfide and lime （SSL） mixture （Na2S/CaO= 1：1）, aiming at reducing the availability of heavy metals in the sludge compost. Sewage sludge with sawdust as a bulking agent was amended with SSL at 3% （w/w, dw）, and composted for 15 d in laboratory batch reactors. The four stages of the Tessier sequential extraction method was employed to investigate changes in heavy metal fractions of Cu, Zn, and Ni in sewage sludge composted with SSL. For all the three metals, the mobile fractions, such as, exchangeable and carbonate bound were mainly transformed into low availability fractions （organic matter and sulfide, Fe-Mn oxides bound and residual forms）, and the addition of SSL enhanced this transformation. Therefore, SSL is a suitable material to co-compost with sewage sludge to reduce the availability of heavy metals. According to the cabbage seed germination test, a SSL amendment of ≤3% （w/w, dw） is recommended to co-compost with sewage sludge.     

黑色岩系地质高背景区土壤锌富集特征与环境活性

锌（Zn）既是生物体必需元素又是有害元素,在复合污染的情况下,Zn在植物吸收、转运和富集镉的过程中发挥着重要作用。以往研究主要关注镉的活性,忽略了Zn的环境活性。基于此,本研究以黑色岩系地质高背景区自然富Zn土壤为对象,重点研究了土壤Zn的活性态和潜在活性态,讨论了Zn活性的影响因素和环境意义。结果表明,研究区土壤Zn富集,平均含量可达457 mg/kg,80%的土壤样品超过我国农用地土壤污染风险筛选值。CaCl₂提取态Zn含量平均值为0.92 mg/kg,平均提取率仅为0.26%,说明研究区土壤Zn的生物活性低,且随着pH升高而降低。EDTA提取态Zn的平均含量为12.7 mg/kg,平均提取率为2.74%,潜在有效态比例也较低。活性态在潜在活性态中占比为7.63%,活化潜力较大,且随着土壤pH的升高而降低。研究区土壤溶液中Zn∶Cd比较低,可能有利于植物对镉的吸收。开展土壤Zn活性的研究,对理解复合污染区土壤镉的活性变化及调控具有重要意义。     

鸡粪热裂解对重金属Mn、Cu、Zn和Cr生物有效性的影响

畜禽粪便直接农用引起的重金属污染是社会普遍关注的问题,探索如何有效降低畜禽粪便重金属生物有效性的技术是急需解决的难题.本文通过分析鸡粪(CM)裂解前后Mn、Cu、Zn和Cr等4种重金属形态分布变化,并采用林地大型盆栽试验研究添加CM和鸡粪炭(CMB)处理对湿地松地上部分重金属吸收状况的影响.结果表明,与CM直接还田相比,添加CMB(400℃)处理降低Mn、Cu和Zn在湿地松地上部分的吸收量和富集系数,而处理之间植株Cr元素的吸收量和富集系数差异不显著. Tessier连续提取结果表明, Mn、Cu和Zn的交换态含量分别由CM的94.8、10.0和34.9 mg·kg~(-1)显著降为CMB的16.6 mg·kg~(-1)、未检测出和1.8 mg·kg~(-1). CM裂解成CMB后, Cr元素残渣态含量显著提高.从元素质量守恒来看, CM制成CMB后Mn、Cu、Zn和Cr损失率分别为29.3%、35.6%、33.5%和3.3%.裂解油中Mn、Cu、Zn和Cr的金属总量分别占CM金属损失量的51.7%、53.0%、32.9%和13.1%. CM裂解成CMB后,91.7%的交换态Mn、几乎100%交换态Cu和97.5%的交换态Zn会随裂解转化为铁锰氧化态、有机结合态和残渣态形式或挥发而降低有效性. 1年盆栽试验结果表明,在CMB处理中,土壤Mn、Cu和Zn交换态含量显著低于CM处理.相关性分析发现,植物体内重金属吸收量与土壤金属有效态含量显著相关,而与总量相关性不明显.由此可见,将鸡粪制成鸡粪炭是一种有效降低Mn、Cu和Zn生物有效性的途径.     

广西典型碳酸盐岩区农田土壤-作物系统重金属生物有效性及迁移富集特征

为揭示碳酸盐岩地质高背景区土壤重金属生态风险,选择广西典型的成土母岩为碳酸盐岩的土壤重金属高背景区,采集水稻籽实及对应根系土样品68套,在分析测试土壤、农作物籽实样品中砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、汞(Hg)、镍(Ni)、铅(Pb)和锌(Zn)这8种重金属含量及土壤中重金属赋存形态的基础上,采用统计学、地累积指数、生物富集系数及相关性分析等方法开展土壤重金属生态风险研究.结果表明,研究区土壤中8种重金属平均含量明显高于全国和广西表层土壤的平均水平,其中Cd、As和Cr超过农用地土壤污染筛选值的比例分别达95. 6%、86. 8%和69. 1%,超过土壤污染管控值的比例分别为27. 9%、17. 6%和5. 9%.区内土壤中As、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn主要以残渣态为主(残渣态占比> 80%),显示出较低的生物活性; Cd的生物活性相对较高,生物有效态组分占20. 99%,但仍明显低于全国其它非碳酸盐岩地区的土壤; Hg的潜在生物有效态组分占44. 04%,然而土壤中Hg全量较低,因此其潜在生物有效态的绝对含量较低.与土壤相比,研究区水稻籽实中重金属超标率明显...     

Health risk assessment of heavy metals in soils and vegetables from wastewater irrigated area, Beijing-Tianjin city cluster, China

The possible health risks of heavy metals contamination to local population through food chain were evaluated in Beijing and Tianjin city cluster, China, where have a long history of sewage irrigation. The transfer factors (TF) for heavy metals from soil to vegetables for six elements including Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, As and Cd were calculated and the pollution load indexes (PLI) were also assessed. Results indicate that only Cd exceeded the maximum acceptable limit in these sites. So far, the heavy metal concentrations in soils and vegetables were all below the permissible limits set by the Ministry of Environmental Protection of China and World Health Organization. The transfer factors of six heavy metals showed the trend as Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb > As > Cr, which were dependent on the vegetable species. The estimated dietary intakes of Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, As and Cd were far below the tolerable limits and the target hazard quotient (THQ) values were less than 1, which suggested that the health risks of heavy metals exposure through consuming vegetables were generally assumed to be safe.     

不同碳酸盐岩对铅锌冶炼废渣-黑麦草体系中重金属迁移的影响

为探究岩溶环境制约下贵州喀斯特地区广泛存在的碳酸盐岩对铅锌冶炼废渣-黑麦草体系中重金属生物有效性的影响,本文以黔西北土法炼锌废渣为研究对象,通过盆栽实验向改良后的废渣中施加两种典型天然碳酸盐岩(石灰岩、白云岩)及其主要成分的化学品(碳酸钙、碳酸镁),经种植黑麦草培育3个月后分析废渣基质中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd等重金属的形态变化与植物富集转运系数。结果表明:处理前铅锌废渣中Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd的总量分别为17 682、8 427.2、2 066、174.8 mg/kg,Cd的酸溶态比例最高,环境风险较大。与对照相比,施用天然碳酸盐岩(石灰岩、白云岩)或其主要化学成分的化学品(碳酸钙、碳酸镁)后均显著降低了铅锌废渣中酸溶态Cu、Pb、Cd的比例并增加了残渣态Zn的比例,5种添加物(石灰岩、白云岩、钙盐、镁盐、混合碳酸钙镁)施用均不同程度地增加了铅锌废渣中残渣态Cd的含量。添加量为4g/kg(即0.4%)时,与对照相比,5种添加物使黑麦草根和叶片中重金属Cd分别降低了3.62%～29.54%和28.21%～43.59%。冗余分析表明,根中Ca、Mg与酸溶态Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd呈显著性负相关;两种典型碳酸盐岩(石灰岩和白云岩)及其主要成分的化学品添加形成的岩溶环境制约下,铅锌冶炼废渣-黑麦草体系中多种重金属的生物有效性受到明显抑制,可有效减弱其上所种植物黑麦草对重金属的吸收。相关结果对喀斯特地区矿冶废渣堆场重金属污染的原位控制、矿山复垦及生态修复具有一定的理论参考和实践价值。     

Assessing availability, phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of lead to ryegrass and millet based on 0.1 mol/L Ca(NO3)2 extraction

This study was conducted to assess availability, phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of lead （Pb） to ryegrass （Lolium perenne L.） and millet （Echinochloa crusgalli） based on the 0.1 mol/L Ca（NO3）2 extraction. Effect of soil properties on availability, phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of Pb to the two plants was also evaluated. Five soils with pH values varying from 3.8 to 7.3, organic carbon （OC） contents from 0.7% to 2.4%, and clay contents from 11.6% to 35.6% were selected. Soils were spiked with Pb to achieve a range of concentrations： 250, 500, 1000, 3000 and 5000 mg/kg. Pb availability in the spiked soils was estimated by extracting soil with 0.1 mol/L Ca（NO3）2. The results indicate that plants yield decreased with decreasing soil pH and increased with increasing soil clay and OC content. Negative relationship between available Pb and the relative dry matter growth （RDMG） of the two plants were significantly related. Available Pb used to assess EC20 （20% effective concentration） and EC50 （50% effective concentration） of millet was 119 and 300 mg/kg, respectively. Available Pb used to assess EC20 and EC50 of ryegrass was 63 and 157 mg/kg, respectively. Bioaccumulation, expressed as bioconcentration factors of Pb, was inversely related to soil pH, soil OC and clay content. Strong relationships were found between available lead and uptake by the two plants （P was 0.92 and 0.95 respectively）. In general, 0.1 mol/L Ca（NO3）2 available Pb may be used to assess the availability, phytotoxicity and bioaccumulation of lead to the two plants tested.     

几种大型底栖生物对Cd,Zn,Cu的积累实验研究

参照国家海水水质标准,在一系列低浓度Cd,Zn,Cu的海水中,对几种大型底栖生物进行了长约5个月的积累实验研究。结果表明,在实验浓度范围内,紫贻贝、魁蚶、褶牡蛎》、菲律宾蛤和刺海参对Cd都有一定程度的积累,且其体内Cd浓度与环境海水Cd浓度间有一定的相关关系,可比较好地指示海水Cd污染。褶牡蛎对Zn有很强的累积能力,其体内Zn浓度与环境海水Zn浓度之间有一定相关关系;紫贻贝对Zn的积累能力较褶牡蛎弱,在一定浓度范围内表现为调节;其他实验生物积累Zn能力很小。研究还表明,紫贻贝、魁蚶、菲律宾蛤、褶牡蛎和栉孔扇贝只有在Cu浓度低于0.02mg/L的海水中,存活才超过50天,其中紫贻贝与褶牡蛎对Cu有一定的积累。