Der vorindustrielle Mensch in den Ökosystemen der Erde

Preindustrial man influenced and changed the earth's ecosystems decisively. The disappearance of large animals from all continents (Eurasia, e.g., mammoth; America, e.g., the giant sloths and the giant armadillo) after the Pleistocene was most probably due to a large extent to the early hunters and collectors. Corn-growing and breeding of domestic animals led to the disappearance of their wild forms (e.g., the wild form of today's old world camel is unknown) and the cultivation of huge monocultures. The increasing need for wood resulted in the disappearance of forests almost all over Europe. Specific needs, such as pig-raising or bee-keeping, supported the formation of particular landscapes, e.g., sparsely wooded forests and extensive heathlands. All these factors resulted in extreme soil erosion and the disappearance of nutritionally important minerals from the soil, which was thus severely depleted.     

KTB-Vorbohrung brachte Überraschungen aus der Tiefe der Erde

Naturwissenschaften Aktuell

KTB-Vorbohrung brachte Überraschungen aus der Tiefe der Erde     

Der begriff der Erklärung in Physik und Biologie

It is argued that the causal explanation of an event or fact has the same structure in physics and biology. This structure is represented in essence by the deductivenomologic model of explanation. Besides causal explanations, functional and teleologic explanations are considered to be legitimate and indispensable in (comparative) biology. At least in those areas of comparative biology that are based on the use of the principle of homology, the explanation of an event or fact also follows the deductive-nomologic model.