The sustainable innovation design diamond for micro-sized enterprises in tourism

This paper suggests a method for supporting sustainable innovation processes within micro-sized enterprises (MsE) in the tourism industry. Based on the sustainable innovation design diamond model, it underlines the main steps in the process of developing successful sustainable innovation on such a small scale, solitary or within a network. A brainstorming tool is the pivot of the method, supporting the creative processes that are needed for new or joint idea generation and at the same time creating awareness about the potential MsE have and the possibilities for collaboration. First tests with the brainstorm tool indicated there is a need and use for the design diamond.     

Creating policy analysis skills in postgraduate engineering for sustainable development

A new sustainable development module for a taught postgraduate engineering course provided an opportunity to design and streamline taught content, using a constructivist model of student learning. The design process revealed that a key learning objective for a postgraduate engineering student must be the competency to analyse difficult social and political contexts. The success of meeting this need by introducing cognitive mapping, a technique previously used in operations research and social science, is reported.     

我国农业生态旅游可持续发展探讨

从生态旅游的角度阐述了我国农业生态旅游发展状况和特征，综合分析了影响我国农业生态旅游可持续发展的一系列问题，并针对这些问题提出了发展农业生态旅游的建议和措施。     

Technical approach for a sustainable tourism development. Case study in the Balearic Islands

In this study, the possibility of transforming the current status of tourism in the Balearic Islands (a region in Spain which has been under an enormous environmental pressure from conventional and massive tourism) to a sustainable tourism model is explored. Firstly, a general methodology for the conversion from standard to sustainable tourism is presented. The methodology consists of an initial audit, the selection of objectives and solutions proposed, the application of the selected solutions, an economical evaluation and a review of the obtained results. This methodology is then applied to the conversion of a real case study (“Sa Cova”) and a complete evaluation of the transformation to sustainable tourism is presented, showing an important reduction in the environmental impacts associated with tourism development (especially in areas such as energy consumption, water and waste management). The results presented here can serve as an example for the application of sustainable tourism plans to other similar regions in Spain or other traditional tourist destinations with similar problems.     

Environmental impact evaluation using a cooperative model for implementing EMS (ISO 14001) in small and medium-sized enterprises

Certification of an ISO 14001 Environmental Management System (EMS) is currently an important requirement for those enterprises wishing to sell their products in the context of a global market. The system's structure is based on environmental impact evaluation (EIE). However, if an erroneous or inadequate methodology is applied, the entire process may be jeopardized. Many methodologies have been developed for making of EIEs, some of them are fairly complex and unsuitable for EMS implementation in an organizational context, principally when small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) are involved.The proposed methodology for EIE is part of a model for implementing EMS. The methodological approach used was a qualitative exploratory research method based upon sources of evidence such as document analyses, semi-structured interviews and participant observations.By adopting a cooperative implementation model based on the theory of system engineering, difficulties relating to implementation of the sub-system were overcome thus encouraging SMEs to implement EMS.     

创造化学新作用共探可持续发展之道

在突发环境事件和污染事故爆发频仍的今日,越来越多人开始谈“化工”色变,鼓噪“无毒、无害、无化学”。无妨这些喧嚣,作为全球领先的化工公司（TheChemicalCompany）,巴斯夫与政府官员、专家学者、媒体及各界人士开放对话,帮助各界理解化工作为支撑工业,能通过提供原材料和解决方案,允许和促进工业从化学科学角度进行节能减排和材料创新,从而发挥其在实现可持续发展中的推动作用。事实是,误区偏见里劣迹斑斑的化工企业不仅能实现绿色生产,而且在生产绿色。     

Impacts and responsibilities for sustainable tourism: a tour operator’s perspective

Tourism is currently responsible for the largest, annual human migration in history. This great movement of people has significant positive and negative consequences on nature, societies, cultures and economies. Desired worldwide for its economic benefits, tourism is anticipated to double during the next 20 years, and the multiple consequences of such rapid growth, call for a preventative approach at all strategic and professional levels, in order to avoid negative impacts.Considering mass tourism as a reality of our contemporary life that cannot be neglected by current efforts to endorse sustainable tourism, this paper draws attention to one of its key players—the tour operators—advancing the proposition that they play significant roles in affecting changes in behaviors and attitudes towards more responsible forms of tourism. Aiming to facilitate a constructive debate on the matter, the article presents a few of the most important arguments that underscore the potential that tour operators’ have in promoting sustainable tourism.     

区域环境影响评价是旅游业可持续发展的有效工具

概述了旅游资源开发项目对自然资源、生态环境及社会经济环境的有利与有害的影响,简述了旅游资源开发项目区域环境影响评价的工作要点与主要内容,并论证了它在我国旅游业可持续发展中的具体功能和作用,为旅游资源开发的环境可行性、旅游规划的优化制定及旅游业环境管理提供了科学依据。     

Cleaner technologies for sustainable tourism: Caribbean case studies

Tourists are becoming increasingly sophisticated in their selection of tourism destination. A major factor that has been gaining importance in their choice set is the environmental quality of their preferred destination. Tourism planners need to recognize that the sustainability of their destination and its various offerings necessitates the consideration of environmental protection and conservation-related issues. This paper undertakes the case study methodology to explore the link between implementing cleaner technologies, a major environmental issue, and sustainable tourism.The analysis of the case studies indicates that cleaner technologies are playing a role in enhancing the sustainability of the Caribbean tourism industry. It was also found that there is a Caribbean tourism cluster focused on developing an environmentally sound tourism product.     

Dynamic analysis and assessment for sustainable development

The assessment of sustainable development is crucial for constituting sustainable development strategies.Assessment methods that exist so far usually only use an indicator system for making sustainable judgement.These indicators rarely reflect dynamic characteristics.However,sustainable development is influenced by changes in the social-economic system and in the eco-environmental system at different times.Besides the spatial character,sustainable development has a temporal character that can not be neglected;therefore the research system should also be dynamic.This paper focuses on this dynamic trait,so that the assessment results obtained provide more information for judgements in decision-making processes.Firstly the dynamic characteristics of sustainable development are analyzed,which point to a track of sustainable development that is an upward undulating curve.According to the dynamic character and the development rules of a social,economic and ecological system,a flexible assessment approach that is based on tendency analysis,restrictive conditions and a feedback system is then proposed for sustainable development.     

New emergy indices for sustainable development

The emergy indices for the evaluation of system‘ s sustainable development ability were studied. Results indicated that the emergy indices are simplified and merged, and a new emergy index for sustainable development(EISD) is deduced. Employing EISD, two cases areconducted. The first one is to compare three different dike-pond agro-ecological engineering modes, which are: melon-melon-cabbage-four domestic fishes (mode I ), melon-melon-cabbage-pig-four domestic fishes (mode H ) and melon-melon-cabbage-pig-four domestic fishes combined with Siniperca chuatsi B. ( mode Ⅲ ).The result is that the EISD of mode I is 0.53. Mode Ⅱ‘ s EISD is 5.26 times of mode I ,and mode Ⅲ‘s EISD is 6.83 times of mode I The second one is to evaluate the development of Zhongshan City, Pearl Delta, during 1996 to 2000.The result indicated that the EISD of Zhongshan had appreciably declined from 1996 to 1998, and quickly improved from 1998 to 2000, partly because of its environment protection and product construction. Both of the two cases studies showed that EISD can assessment the sustainable development ability more roundly, with the consideration of environmental impact and social-economic effect at the same time.     

Eco-industrial park development in Rio de Janeiro,Brazil: a tool for sustainable development

The development of eco-industrial parks (EIPs) is an emerging concept that is being spread worldwide as a new industrial model that can reconcile the three dimensions of sustainability: social, economic and environmental. In Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, EIPs were launched through formal legislation as a means to foster sustainable development and to ameliorate the distress caused by unplanned urban and industrial development. The objective of this study is to present and analyze the development of EIPs in Rio de Janeiro, focusing on two of the initiatives launched. We argue that Rio de Janeiro has the potential for developing a sustainable industrial system through EIP implementation, but the continuity of EIPs will only be successful if there is convergence of interests among the actors involved.     

The need for global coordination in sustainable development

Natural resources are being depleted at faster rates than ever; this highlights the need for global audits and actions to reverse the depletion. Coordinated efforts by various organizations are essential to quantify reserves and demands in such audits in order to enable the development and implementation of strategies for sustainable recovery, usage, and recycling of natural resources. This paper discusses such audits in several industries and puts forward analytical and technical methods and policies for sustainable recovery, usage and recycling of resources in those industries. Scenario analysis can help to provide better future directions for industries whilst eco-industrial parks could improve the efficiency of usage of available resources and waste products through synergies among different industries on a regional basis. Sustainable manufacturing within industries such as micromachining, cement and leather could further reduce consumption of natural resources. New technologies in mineral recovery could help to recover valuable minerals present in concentrates generated by various processes such as reverse osmosis of sea water, chemical processing of minerals, and domestic and industrial wastewater treatments. These areas are discussed in this special issue of the Journal of Cleaner Production. It is imperative that the efforts by various organizations toward sustainable management of natural resources should compliment each other to minimize duplication; furthermore policy makers should play greater roles in developing and implementing policies and procedures to support such sustainable development oriented approaches simultaneously throughout the world in a coordinated and proactive manner for the short and long term future.     

Indicator system and evaluation framework for sustainable development

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｎｏｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｗａｓｐｒｏｐｏｓｅｄｉｎｔｈｅＷｏｒｌｄＣｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎＳｔｒａｔｅｇｙ（ＩＵＣＮ，１９８０）．Ｉｔｉｓｐｏｉｎｔｅｄｏｕｔｔｈａｔｔｈｅｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｔｈｅｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔａｒｅｍｕｔｕａｌｌｙｄｅｐｅｎｄｅｎｔａｎｄｔｈｅｙｓｈｏｕｌｄｂｅｉｎｔｅｇｒａｔｅｄ，ｗｈｅｒｅｔｈｅｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｍｅａｎｓｔｈｅｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔｏｆｈｕｍａｎ…     

地热绿色新能源与可持续发展

可持续发展见报频繁 ,因为它关系到全人类的生存和发展。新世纪要走可持续发展之路 ,这是人们在付出沉重代价后作出的不二选择。地热能储量大、无污染、可再生 ,被认为是一种很有潜力同时也是十分现实的绿色新能源。当前 ,地热能已广泛应用于社会的方方面面 ,它的最大的好处是能满足社会可持续发展。地热能的最新发展趋势是最大限度地用以替代化石能源 ,减轻环境污染。     

货币化可持续发展指标的评价

可持续发展指标是评价和监测可持续发展状态和程度的基础工程 ,是实施可持续发展管理的依据。本文通过几种货币化可持续发展指标的内容介绍 ,分析了货币化可持续发展指标存在的优缺点     

Sino British cooperation for urban environmental enhancement and sustainable development

１　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎａｒｇｕｅｄｔｈａｔＣｈｉｎａｈａｓｐｒｅｓｓｅｄａｇａｉｎｓｔｏｒｅｘｃｅｅｄｅｄｔｈｅｌｉｍｉｔｓｏｆｓｕｓｔａｉｎａｂｌｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｎｍａｎｙｏｃｃａｓｉｏｎｓｏｖｅｒｔｈｅｐａｓｔ３０００ｙｅａｒｓｗｉｔｈｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓｆｏｒｔｈｅｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ（Ｅｌｖｉｎ，１９９３）．ＨｅｎｃｅＣｈｉｎａ○ｓｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｐｒｏｂｌｅｍｓａｒｅｎｏｔａｎｅｗｃｏｎｓｔｒａｉｎｔｔｏｄｅ…