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对火电厂粉煤灰平衡湿含量的试验和分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
对粉煤灰的平衡湿含量在各影响因素下进行了试验研究,并且利用半经验公式对实验数据进行了回归,得到了较好的拟合效果,为相关的理论及试验研究提供了计算公式及实验数据。 相似文献
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在大量试验研究获得数据基础上,结合机理分析,考虑ACF同时脱除多种污染物的主要影响因素,运用气固催化反应动力学方法进行分析,采用"混合模型法"建立ACF反应器数学模型,并用MATLAB软件与实验数据相结合迭代求取了模型参数,求出了宏观反应速率方程,并将计算模拟值与实验值进行比对,发现模拟结果与实验结果基本吻合,证实了模型的可靠性.为ACF反应器从试验研究的成果放大到工业规模的应用奠定了基础. 相似文献
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基于超临界技术的印刷线路板资源化方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
印刷线路板的回收由于其结构和组成材料的复杂性,被认为是电子电器产品回收中的重点和难点之一。提出了将超临界流体技术应用于废弃印刷线路板的回收工艺,研究出了一种环境友好的废弃印刷线路板回收方法。建立了回收模型及回收实验平台,并使用正交实验设计方法对实验进行设计,利用SPSS分析软件对实验数据进行了分析研究并结合实际实验结果得出了最佳工艺参数。通过对反应生成物进行质谱分析,推测出了生成物的主要组分,并据此对反应机理进行了研究。 相似文献
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用光催化氧化法处理垃圾渗滤液的实验研究 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13
以城市生活垃圾渗滤液作为研究对象,采用悬浮态半导体催化剂对渗滤液进行处理试验。研究了ZnO/Tio2复合半导体催化剂的催化活性,并研究了各种实验条件、影响因素及处理效果。研究表明,在一定的试验条件下,用ZnO/TiO2复合半导体催化剂处理城市垃圾渗滤液效果较好,可作为垃圾渗滤液的深度处理。同时得到光催化氧化法处理渗滤液的最佳试验参数。 相似文献
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研究了米糠对溶液中 Cu2 +的吸附规律 ,并运用了L angmuir、Freundlich和 Redlich- Peterson等模型对实验数据进行了拟合 ,获得了各种模型参数。结果表明 ,L angmiur和 Redlich- Peterson模型能较好地反映实验数据。根据 L angmuir吸附等温模型 ,在 2 5℃下 ,米糠的最大吸附量是 33.5 8m g/ g。 相似文献
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在实验室条件下,以平衡振荡法研究了土壤吸附1,4-二氯苯的影响因素,用Freudlich和Langmuir经验公式,对实验数据进行了拟合,研究了土壤对1,4-二氯苯的吸附模型,并对其吸附动力学进行了初步探讨,并测定了吸附速率常数。 相似文献
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壳聚糖联合碱改性粉煤灰对重金属离子的吸附特性 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用浸渍法将壳聚糖负载在经NaOH改性的粉煤灰上,制备了联合改性的粉煤灰。随粉煤灰上壳聚糖负载量的增加,粉煤灰对Pb2+和Cd2+的吸附率均提高。当负载壳聚糖的质量分数为8%,吸附温度为30℃,吸附时间为120 min时,粉煤灰对Pb2+的吸附率最高(为98.9%),对Cd2+的吸附率也最高(为91.5%)。其吸附行为符合Freundlich等温吸附模型,但表现为2个线性区。粉煤灰负载壳聚糖的改性机理是粉煤灰与带正电荷的壳聚糖的化学键合作用。 相似文献
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改性粉煤灰吸附稀土废水中的氨氮 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用硫酸和氢氧化钠对粉煤灰进行酸改性和碱改性处理,研究改性前后粉煤灰对稀土废水中氨氮的吸附效果变化及最佳吸附条件,并从吸附等温线入手探讨吸附机理。结果显示,经碱改性后粉煤灰对氨氮的吸附性能有明显改善,当最佳吸附条件确定为投加量2 g,吸附时间2 h,初始pH 7~8时,碱改性粉煤灰对氨氮的吸附过程符合Freundlich等温方程式和Langmuir等温方程式。碱改性粉煤灰对氨氮的吸附属于良性吸附,且为吸热过程,室温下理论饱和吸附量为1.9066mg/g。 相似文献
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粉煤灰砖块对磷酸盐的吸附特性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以建筑废料粉煤灰砖块为吸附剂材料,通过静态吸附实验研究其对磷酸盐的吸附特征,以及磷酸盐初始浓度、吸附剂投加量、pH等因素对吸附反应的影响。Langmuir、Freundlich和Temkin等温模型的分析发现,Langmuir等温式方程最适合描述吸附过程,对磷酸盐的理论饱和吸附容量为44.62 mg/g。利用伪一级动力学模型、伪二级动力学模型和颗粒内扩散模型考察了吸附过程特征,其中伪二级动力学模型为最适于描述粉煤灰砖块对磷酸盐的吸附过程的动力学模型。通过颗粒内扩散模型、Bangham方程及Boyd模型对吸附动力学机理进行的探讨表明,颗粒内扩散速率不是粉煤灰砖块吸附磷酸盐反应的惟一速率控制步,膜扩散速率和颗粒内扩散速率共同影响着吸附反应速率。磷酸盐浓度较低时主要是膜扩散限制吸附反应速率,而磷酸盐浓度较高时则颗粒内扩散成为速率控制步。研究证明,粉煤灰砖块粉末作为湿地基质具有对磷酸盐很强的吸附能力,在减少了固体废弃物的数量的同时又可以实现水污染控制的目的。 相似文献
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Pekárek V Karban J Fiserová E Bures M Pacáková V Vecerníková E 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2003,10(1):39-43
BACKGROUND, AIMS AND SCOPE: It is well known that the fly ash from filters of municipal waste incinerators (MWI-FA) shows dehalogenation properties after heating it to 240-450 degrees C. However, this property is not general, and fly ash samples do not possess dehalogenation ability at all in many cases. Fly ash has a very variable composition, and the state of the fly ash matter therefore plays the decisive role. In the present paper, the function of important components responsible for the dehalogenation activity of MWI-FA is analysed and compared with the model fly ash. METHODS: With the aim of accounting for the dehalogenation activity of MWI-FA, the following studies of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) dechlorination were performed: The role of copper in dehalogenation experiments was evaluated for five types of metallic copper. The gasification of carbon in MWI-FA was studied in the 250-350 degrees C temperature range. Five different kinds of carbon were used, combined with conventional Cu(o) and activated nanosize copper powder. The dechlorination experiments were also carried out with Cu(II) compounds such as CuO, Cu(OH)2, CuCl2 and CuSO4. The results were discussed from the standpoint of thermodynamics of potential reactions. Based on these results, the model of fly ash was proposed, containing silica gel, metallic copper and carbon. The dechlorination ability of MWI-FA and the model fly ash are compared under oxygen-deficient atmosphere. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that, under given experimental conditions, copper acts in the dechlorination as a stoichiometric agent rather than as a catalyst. The increased surface activity of copper enhances its dechlorination activity. It was found further that the presence of copper leads to a decrease in the temperature of carbon gasification. The cyclic valence change from Cu(o) to Cu+ or Cu2+ is a prerequisite for the dehalogenation to take place. RECOMMENDATION AND OUTLOOK: Thermodynamic analysis of the dechlorination effect, as well as the comparison of dechlorination pathways on MWI-FA and model fly ash, can provide a deeper understanding of the studied reaction. 相似文献
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垃圾焚烧厂焚烧底灰的处理研究 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:12
系统地研究了常州市环境卫生综合厂垃圾焚烧车间的底灰。研究结果表明,根据中国现行的污染控制标准,该厂的底灰属于一般废物,可以以建筑垃圾的方式处理。但对底灰的分选和分类研究结果表明,底灰含有一定量的未燃烬的有机废物,也有一些可回收利用的废物。因此,底灰应该先分选后,再对无利用价值的渣土作填埋或其他处置。 相似文献
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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ash: determination of total and leachable concentrations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Enell A Fuhrman F Lundin L Warfvinge P Thelin G 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,152(2):285-292
Before wood ash can be used as a soil fertilizer, concentrations of environmentally hazardous compounds must be investigated. In this study, total and leachable concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined in four ash samples and one green liquor sludge. The ash sample with the highest carbon content also contained high levels of PAHs; three of the ash samples had total concentrations exceeding the limit permitted by the Swedish Forest Agency for recycling to forest soils. The leachable concentrations were higher for the non-stabilized samples; this was probably due to colloid-facilitated transport of the contaminants in these samples. However, the leachable concentrations were overall relatively low in all the samples studied. The amounts of PAHs introduced to forest soils by additions of stabilized, recyclable ash products will be determined primarily by the rate of weathering of the ash particles and the total concentration of contaminants. 相似文献
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