佛手在川渝地区的生态适宜性及潜在分布

基于实地调查、文献查阅获取的佛手分布点位数据,利用MaxEnt软件分析影响佛手分布的关键环境因子,构建川渝地区潜在种植分布预估模型,并结合CMIP6推出的未来3种气候情景数据,预估2050s(2041-2060年)和2090s(2081-2100年)川渝地区的适生区域,旨在为野生资源调查保护、生态修复及人工生产培育和产业发展等方面提供科学参考.结果表明：(1)年温度范围(Bio7)、年降水量(Bio12)、人类足迹(Hf)、海拔(El)和季节性降水变异系数(Bio15)是影响佛手分布的主要环境因子.(2)当前(2000-2020年)气候情景,佛手在渝地区的高适生区面积为9.45×104km²,主要分布在除四川盆地北部外的其他底部区域,地形以海拔低于500 m的平原、丘陵及平行岭谷区的低丘与平坝为主,另外川西南山地的河谷平原及低山亦有零散分布;中适生面积为9.93×104km²,主要分布在四川盆地西北部、重庆东部及攀西高原,沿着高适生区的边缘向外扩展,地形以海拔500-1 000 m的低山区为主.(3)SSP1-2.6、SSP2-4.5和SSP...     

基于宏基因组(metabarcoding)技术的橡胶种植对林下节肢动物多样性的影响

地处热带边缘的西双版纳地区近几十年来土地利用方式发生巨变,热带森林逐渐被单一种植橡胶林所替代.探讨森林-橡胶林镶嵌格局对节肢动物群落组成和多样性的影响,分析节肢动物群落分布格局的驱动因素,以期为残存森林的保护提供相关科学数据.以西双版纳纳板河流域不同景观梯度下的片段森林和橡胶林为研究样地,采用马氏网诱集法,结合宏基因组...     

福建省森林植被NEP时空变化及影响因子分析

不断加剧的气候变化和人类活动增加了区域生态系统碳循环研究的不确定性。净生态系统生产力(NEP)能够定量描述陆地生态系统与大气之间的碳交换量,探究区域生态系统NEP的时空变化及对气象、植被等因子的响应有助于明晰区域生态系统碳收支状况和应对气候变化。基于TEC模型和生态系统呼吸模型评估了福建省森林2000-2020年NEP时空格局,并借助地理探测器和贡献率方法探究了福建省NEP时空变化的主要驱动因子。结果表明：(1)2000-2020年福建省森林多年年均NEP为528 g·m^-2,呈极显著的增强趋势。空间分布规律为“高值主要分布在福建南部的内陆地区,低值主要分布在中北部和南部沿海地区”,约48.3%的地区NEP呈显著上升趋势,主要分布在福建省的中部偏西南地区,而仅有1.00%的地区呈显著下降趋势;(2)空间分布上,影响福建省森林NEP的空间分异的主要因子为植被、地形和气象要素。归一化植被指数对森林NEP空间分布的影响最大,是影响福建省森林NEP空间分异的主要驱动因子,其次是地形和太阳辐射,高程的最适区间为891-1 491 m,而辐射的最适区间为128-130 W·m...     

Temporal and spatial patterns and driving factors of cultivated land change in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau北大核心CSCD

随着经济快速发展、城镇化进程加快以及人口基数不断增加,在城市用地不断向外扩张以及生态退耕措施的影响下,耕地面积呈逐年减小的趋势.这一现象加剧了农业发展与其他要素间的矛盾,对区域粮食安全也产生重要影响,因此,探讨耕地面积时空变化及其驱动机制对保障区域粮食安全具有现实意义.分析青藏高原地区1980年、1990年、2000年、2010年、2018年的耕地面积数据,结合户籍人口、地区生产总值(GDP)、粮食单产等统计年鉴资料解析影响其变化的主要驱动因子.结果表明:(1)青藏高原近40年耕地面积变化总体经历缓慢增加、显著增加和缓慢递减3个阶段,整个变化过程中耕地主要流失方向为林地和草地,分别占总流失面积的50.99%和32.02%,主要原因为退耕还林还草等政策的实施,其次为建设用地和水域增加.(2)耕地转为非耕地的地区主要集中在四川西部、云南西北部、青海东部,而耕地转入地区主要集中在青藏高原中部.以地市州来看,拉萨、海东、海西、阿坝、林芝等地区耕地面积变化特征以缓慢递增为主;西宁、黄南、甘孜、甘南等地区的耕地面积则呈缓慢递减的变化趋势.(3)主成分分析和结构方程模型结果显示影响耕地面积减少的主要驱动因素包括经济社会发展和粮食生产.其中经济和社会因素对耕地面积变化产生的影响为负值,社会因素产生的负影响最大,为-0.224,人口基数增长、建设用地扩张、土地利用转型要求以及二、三产业红利的吸引都会导致耕地面积减小.本研究揭示了青藏高原地区近40年耕地变化情况及流失方向,耕地面积波动主要受到经济社会因素以及政策因素的影响;上述结果可为今后国家粮食安全及当地生态环境可持续发展提供理论参考.(图7表8参45)     

浙江省近20年植被变化趋势及驱动因子分析

浙江是长江三角洲经济区的重要组成部分,该区域植被变化受到生态气候条件以及人类活动等多种因素的影响。利用多源遥感和地面观测2000—2019年生态植被参量、气象和气候因子以及夜间灯光数据等,分析浙江区域生态植被变化及其驱动关系;利用一元线性回归和Mann-Kendall趋势检验探讨植被变化趋势,采用Pearson相关分析和多元回归方法等研究多元因子贡献率。结果表明,浙江区域近20年增强型植被指数(EVI)呈现显著增长趋势,总增长趋近年均值的7.66%,而总初级生产力(GPP)的增加总量约为多年均值的1.48倍。森林和城市区植被分别呈现显著增长和减少趋势(森林EVI:0.60×10~(-3)a~(-1)。城市EVI:-1.11×10~(-3)a~(-1))。气温、日照和降水共同影响植被变化特征,其中气温变化是引起区域近20年植被变化趋势的主要气候因子(r=0.54,P0.01)。夜间灯光变化代表的城市扩张等人为活动是引起城市及周边植被减少的主要原因(r=-0.60±0.13),而远离城市的人类活动对植被生长具有一定的促进作用(r=0.56±0.13)。植被年际变化的多变量贡献分布表明,表征人类活动的夜光数据在全省范围具有重要的影响,而气候因素则会影响局部地区。其中近20年浙江区域气温升高和城市扩张分别对省内植被具有显著的促进和抑制作用。因此,区域气候条件变化以及人类活动是影响浙江省植被生长趋势变化的重要因素。该研究对区域生态文明建设具有重要的参考价值。     

贡嘎山森林土壤氨氧化微生物数量在海拔梯度的空间分异特征

土壤氮循环是构成全球生物化学循环的关键组成部分,其中氨氧化微生物介导的硝化作用是驱动氮循环的重要动力.为了解不同海拔梯度森林土壤氨氧化微生物的空间分布规律,采用qPCR技术,以参与编码的氨单加氧酶(amoA)为标记,调查各海拔梯度(1 800-4 100 m)贡嘎山森林土壤氨氧化细菌(Ammonia oxidizing bacteria,AOB)和氨氧化古菌(Ammonia oxidizing archaea,AOA)的数量,并揭示其与环境因子的相关性.结果表明,不同海拔梯度森林表层土壤中均具有一定数量的AOA和AOB,且在低海拔地区(1 800-3 200 m)均高于高海拔地区(3 600-4 100 m).AOA数量在海拔较低地区变化趋势为0.04%-5.63%,垂向尺度上最高降低10.7%;AOB数量在不同海拔之间均存在显著差异,3 800 m较1 800 m高出22.5%. Spearman相关分析表明,不同海拔梯度氨氧化微生物数量对环境变化的响应模式不同,AOB与气候(年均温度、年均降水量)、pH、土壤温度、碳氮含量及电导率相关,而AOA变化仅与气候(年均温度、年均降水量)和土壤温度相关,与其他土壤因素不相关.本研究揭示出贡嘎山不同海拔梯度气候和土壤性质的综合作用可能是引起AOA和AOB数量及丰度变化的因子,且AOA和AOB数量具有极强的空间异质性;结果可为进一步研究大尺度森林生态系统氮循环相关微生物的海拔分布格局提供数据支撑.(图2表2参30)     

不同地形梯度上的植被变化趋势及原因分析

植被变化趋势的地形分异规律对于理解其驱动因素具有重要意义。为了探索植被变化趋势的地形梯度分异规律和原因,以MODISNDVI为数据源,利用Mann-kendall方法分析2000-2015年贵州省植被的变化趋势,通过地形位指数(TNI)和分布指数分析植被变化趋势的地形梯度分异规律,并结合气候、土地利用和扰动类型数据分析其形成原因。结果表明,(1)在空间分布上,NDVI呈极显著降低趋势(Z≤-2.32,P≤0.01)的栅格占研究区总面积的3.8%,主要分布在北部、东北和东南部区域;极显著增加趋势(Z≥2.32,P≤0.01)的栅格占研究区总面积的3.7%,主要分布在西部、西南和东北部地区。(2)低(1-4)和高(9-12)地形位是NDVI呈显著减少趋势的栅格的优势分布区,而中(5-8)地形位是NDVI显著增加趋势的栅格的优势分布区。(3)低地形位上NDVI显著降低的栅格中,49.2%存在NDVI变化趋势的突变,其中33.5%是由于建设开发和林地退化等原因导致。(4)中地形位上NDVI显著增加的栅格中,扰动后修复的比例达到30.7%,主要是由于生态修复促使NDVI显著增加。(5)高地形位上NDVI显著增加的栅格中86.2%在研究时段内未发生植被扰动。这部分栅格中,NDVI与夏季气温呈负相关的比例分别占东部和中部地貌区总面积的97%和96.5%。综上,人为活动是导致低地形位NDVI显著减少和中地形位NDVI显著增加的主要原因;高地形位内NDVI值的显著下降与春季和夏季气温升高有关。植被变化趋势的地形梯度分异规律能够反映出植被变化的直接驱动因素。在生态环境保护过程中,针对不同地形梯度上的植被应该采取不同的保护措施:低地形位区重点关注人为活动对植被的扰动;中地形位区重点关注生态工程的治理成效和不合理的土地利用方式,避免植被恢复与退化的同时发生;高地形位上通过实地监测密切关注植被对全球气候变暖的响应。     

近代黄河三角洲植被覆盖度时空变化分析

为了深化研究近代黄河三角洲植被演化规律与机理,指导该地区合理开发和保护植被资源,选用Landsat等卫星遥感数据结合野外调查数据,利用像元二分模型估算并分析了该地区1986—2015年长时间序列植被覆盖度时空变化过程及影响因素(水分条件、盐分条件、人类活动)。结果表明,该地区近30年植被覆盖度时空变化明显,(1)空间变化上,植被覆盖度呈现由西南向东北递减,由河流两岸向沿海递减的趋势,并且随着时间变化,这两种趋势越来越明显。随着人类活动加强,植被覆盖破碎化显著。(2)时间变化上,1986—2015年该地区植被覆盖度总体呈上升趋势,由1986年的36.77%上升为2015年的37.83%。中高、高植被覆盖面积增幅最大,达到314.96 km~2。低植被覆盖度区逐渐转为高植被覆盖度区,特别是2001—2015年,随着研究区生态环境逐渐变化,转化速度逐渐加快。(3)环境因子与植被覆盖度具有一定的相关性,采用基于像元的空间分析法分析不同时滞月降水量与近代黄河三角洲植被覆盖度相关性,发现月降水量与植被覆盖度有较大关系。通过遥感指数构建土壤反演模型,得到盐分空间分布,并进行相关性分析,发现土壤盐分与植被覆盖度相关性系数为-0.331(P0.02),近代黄河三角洲盐碱化对植被生长有一定阻碍作用。人类活动对植被覆盖度的影响主要以农业为主,通过对植被覆盖度与耕地进行相关性分析,得相关性系数为0.452(P0.02),近代黄河三角洲耕地的开发,在一定程度上促进了该地区植被覆盖度的恢复。     

秦岭地区气溶胶光学厚度的时空演变特征及其影响因子

气溶胶是大气中极其重要的组成部分,它不仅影响人类的健康,还能增加大气的化学反应,导致环境温度改变。基于2002年1月-2017年12月Terra/MODIS MOD04_3 k气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)产品,通过空间分析法和空间面板模型对2002-2017年陕西秦岭地区AOD时空变化特征以及对影响秦岭山区AOD的因子权重进行排名,为气候变化研究及环境治理提供理论基础。结果表明,秦岭地区16年来AOD高值区主要集中在秦岭北坡边缘上的关中城市群、秦岭南坡边缘上的巴蜀城市群;16年间的AOD平均值为0.28。秦岭地区春(0.36)、夏(0.34)两季AOD均值明显高于秋(0.23)、冬(0.17)两季。秦岭山地16年来年均AOD小于0.3的低值区不断增加,年均AOD大于0.7的高值区不断减少。秦岭地区AOD四季演变趋势存在明显的差异性。其中春季变化平稳,轻度增加区在秦岭中部地区分布,减少区主要分布在关中和巴蜀城市群地区。夏季88.3%的地区以减少为主;冬季73%的地区以增加为主;秋季变化存在空间差异性,减少区主要分布在秦岭西南地区,增加区主要分布在东北地区,中部为基本不变区。空间面板模型结果表明,年均温度、年均风速和年均湿度对秦岭山地AOD具有显著的正向驱动作用,海拔有显著负向效应;年降水、NDVI和日照百分率对AOD均有明显的影响但均未通过显著性检验;年均气温、年均风速和海拔3个因子还具有显著的空间溢出效应。     

基于随机森林回归的茶园扩张驱动机制分析

茶园开发与扩张是土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)的典型过程之一,与区域农业发展和土地可持续利用密切相关。以我国优质绿茶主产区——信阳市浉河区为例,结合遥感影像、土地利用等多源数据,探索1990—2015年浉河区茶园分布时空演变格局。以像元和乡镇尺度的自然和社会经济等26个因子为自变量,以茶园变动情况为因变量,采用随机森林回归方法,探讨1990—2000和2000—2015年茶园扩张的驱动机制。结果表明:(1)浉河区茶园主要分布于丘陵区和浅山区,1990—2000年茶园面积快速扩张,面积增加65.2%,2000—2015年茶园扩张速度放缓。茶园主要向西北和东南的水源和公路方向扩张。(2)1990—2000和2000—2015年2阶段,像元尺度的茶园距城区中心距离、距农村居民点距离和土壤特性以及乡镇尺度的坡度和平均高程等驱动因子重要性均较高。随着经济发展和技术进步,邻域土地利用情况、土壤条件等自然驱动因子对茶园扩张的限制性降低,空间社会经济条件对茶园开发与扩张越发重要。(3)茶园扩张对各主要驱动因子的边际依赖性强,在驱动因子不同梯度间差异明显,茶园扩张倾向于发生在距农村居民点距离2 km内,乡镇尺度平均坡度为16～18°的区域。(4)随机森林回归方法结合多源信息,能够较好地挖掘研究区茶园扩张驱动机制,为改善区域土地利用提供一定决策支持。     

Rapid,recurring, structured survey versus bioblitz for generating biodiversity data and analysis with a multispecies abundance model

A bioblitz inexpensively and quickly generates biodiversity data, but bioblitzes are often conducted with haphazard, unreplicated sampling. Results tend to be taxonomically, geographically, or temporally biased, lack metadata, and consist of lists of observed taxa that do not enable further analyses or correction for imperfect detection. A rapid, recurring, structured survey (RRSS) uses a structured sampling design and temporal and spatial replication to survey randomly selected sites on a conservation property. We participated in a loosely structured bioblitz and a subsequent RRSS at Big Canoe Creek Nature Preserve in Springville (St. Clair County), Alabama (USA) to compare observed richness derived from the 2 survey approaches. The RRSS data structure enabled us to fit models that accounted for imperfect detection to estimate abundances, occupancy probabilities, and habitat associations. The loosely structured bioblitz data could not be used in such models. We present a new integrated multispecies abundance model that we applied to avian RRSS data. Our model extension enables estimation for the community, employs data augmentation to estimate the number of undetected species, and incorporates covariates. The RRSS generated a more comprehensive and less biased list of observed taxonomic richness than the loosely structured bioblitz (e.g., 73 vs. 45 bird species and 104 vs. 63 insect families from the RRSS vs. loosely structured bioblitz, respectively). Models fit to the RRSS data identified seasonal patterns in avian community composition and allowed for estimation of habitat–occupancy relationships for insect taxa. The RRSS protocol has potential for broad transferability as a standardized, quick, and inexpensive way to inventory biodiversity and estimate ecological parameters while providing an outreach opportunity.     

Compliance with and ecosystem function of biodiversity offsets in North American and European freshwaters

Land-use change via human development is a major driver of biodiversity loss. To reduce these impacts, billions of dollars are spent on biodiversity offsets. However, studies evaluating offset project effectiveness that examine components such as the overall compliance and function of projects remain rare. We reviewed 577 offsetting projects in freshwater ecosystems that included the metrics project size, type of aquatic system (e.g., wetland and creek), offsetting measure (e.g., enhancement, restoration, and creation), and an assessment of the projects’ compliance and functional success. Project information was obtained from scientific and government databases and gray literature. Despite considerable investment in offsetting projects, crucial problems persisted. Although compliance and function were related to each other, a high level of compliance did not guarantee a high degree of function. However, large projects relative to area had better function than small projects. Function improved when projects targeted productivity or specific ecosystem features and when multiple complementary management targets were in place. Restorative measures were more likely to achieve targets than creating entirely new ecosystems. Altogether the relationships we found highlight specific ecological processes that may help improve offsetting outcomes.     

A palaeo-hydrogeological model for arsenic contamination in southern and south-east Asia

An argument is presented in which areas of natural arsenic contamination of modern groundwaters throughout Asia have a common origin. Arsenic originally accumulated in oceanic ferro-manganoan sediments of the eastern Palaeo-Tethys. This was further concentrated through oceanic crustal extinction in what later became the south-east Chinese accreted mineralised terrain. Proto-Himalayan uplift of this area created the palaeo-drainage systems of the Ganges – Brahmaputra, Irrawaddy, Mekong, and Red Rivers, with consequent headwater erosion of arsenic-rich sediments. Their downstream deposition as immature and easily redistributed Neogene sandstones, silts, and iron-rich clays has created secondary and tertiary reservoirs of adsorbed and authigenic arsenic, from which the current arsenic-rich groundwaters have evolved. Considering river basins within the above palaeo-hydrogeological framework provides a basis for assessing the risk of arsenic in groundwater basins of south and south-eastern Asia.     

Cost‐effective conservation of an endangered frog under uncertainty

How should managers choose among conservation options when resources are scarce and there is uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of actions? Well‐developed tools exist for prioritizing areas for one‐time and binary actions (e.g., protect vs. not protect), but methods for prioritizing incremental or ongoing actions (such as habitat creation and maintenance) remain uncommon. We devised an approach that combines metapopulation viability and cost‐effectiveness analyses to select among alternative conservation actions while accounting for uncertainty. In our study, cost‐effectiveness is the ratio between the benefit of an action and its economic cost, where benefit is the change in metapopulation viability. We applied the approach to the case of the endangered growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis), which is threatened by urban development. We extended a Bayesian model to predict metapopulation viability under 9 urbanization and management scenarios and incorporated the full probability distribution of possible outcomes for each scenario into the cost‐effectiveness analysis. This allowed us to discern between cost‐effective alternatives that were robust to uncertainty and those with a relatively high risk of failure. We found a relatively high risk of extinction following urbanization if the only action was reservation of core habitat; habitat creation actions performed better than enhancement actions; and cost‐effectiveness ranking changed depending on the consideration of uncertainty. Our results suggest that creation and maintenance of wetlands dedicated to L. raniformis is the only cost‐effective action likely to result in a sufficiently low risk of extinction. To our knowledge we are the first study to use Bayesian metapopulation viability analysis to explicitly incorporate parametric and demographic uncertainty into a cost‐effective evaluation of conservation actions. The approach offers guidance to decision makers aiming to achieve cost‐effective conservation under uncertainty.     

Threats to intact tropical peatlands and opportunities for their conservation

Large, intact areas of tropical peatland are highly threatened at a global scale by the expansion of commercial agriculture and other forms of economic development. Conserving peatlands on a landscape scale, with their hydrology intact, is of international conservation importance to preserve their distinctive biodiversity and ecosystem services and maintain their resilience to future environmental change. We explored threats to and opportunities for conserving remaining intact tropical peatlands; thus, we excluded peatlands of Indonesia and Malaysia, where extensive deforestation, drainage, and conversion to plantations means conservation in this region can protect only small fragments of the original ecosystem. We focused on a case study, the Pastaza‐Marañón Foreland Basin (PMFB) in Peru, which is among the largest known intact tropical peatland landscapes in the world and is representative of peatland vulnerability. Maintenance of the hydrological conditions critical for carbon storage and ecosystem function of peatlands is, in the PMFB, primarily threatened by expansion of commercial agriculture linked to new transport infrastructure that is facilitating access to remote areas. There remain opportunities in the PMFB and elsewhere to develop alternative, more sustainable land‐use practices. Although some of the peatlands in the PMFB fall within existing legally protected areas, this protection does not include the most carbon‐dense (domed pole forest) areas. New carbon‐based conservation instruments (e.g., REDD+, Green Climate Fund), developing markets for sustainable peatland products, transferring land title to local communities, and expanding protected areas offer pathways to increased protection for intact tropical peatlands in Amazonia and elsewhere, such as those in New Guinea and Central Africa which remain, for the moment, broadly beyond the frontier of commercial development.     

Parasitic wasps orient to green leaf volatiles

Summary Undamaged plants emit low levels of green leaf volatiles (GLVs), while caterpillar-damaged and artificially damaged plants emit relatively higher levels of certain GLVs. Female braconid parasitoids,Microplitis croceipes, oriented to both damaged plants and to individual GLVs in no-choice tests in a wind tunnel, but seldom oriented to undamaged plants. Female ichneumonid parasitoids,Netelia heroica, also oriented to individual GLVs in a wind tunnel. Males of both wasp species failed to orient to the GLVs. These data show that leaf-feeding caterpillars can cause the release of GLVs, and that parasitic wasps can respond to these odors by flying upwind (chemoanemotactic response), which brings the wasps to their caterpillar hosts. This supports the hypothesis that plants communicate with members of the third trophic level,i.e., plants under herbivore attack emit chemical signals that guide natural enemies of herbivores to sites of plant damage. In this interaction, the GLVs serve as tritrophic plant-to-parasitoid synomones. That parasitoids from two different wasp families oriented to GLVs suggests that the response may be widespread among the Hymenoptera.Mention of a commercial or proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture     

Human Influence and Classical Biogeographic Predictors of Rare Species Occurrence

Biogeographic theory predicts that rare species occur more often in larger, less‐isolated habitat patches and suggests that patch size and connectivity are positive predictors of patch quality for conservation. However, in areas substantially modified by humans, rare species may be relegated to the most isolated patches. We used data from plant surveys of 81 meadow patches in the Georgia Basin of Canada and the United States to show that presence of threatened and endangered plants was positively predicted for patches that were isolated on small islands surrounded by ocean and for patches that were isolated by surrounding forest. Neither patch size nor connectivity were positive predictors of rare species occurrence. Thus, in our study area, human influence, presumably due to disturbance or introduction of competitive non‐native species, appears to have overwhelmed classical predictors of rare species distribution, such that greater patch isolation appeared to favor presence of rare species. We suggest conservation planners consider the potential advantages of protecting geographically isolated patches in human‐modified landscapes because such patches may represent the only habitats in which rare species are likely to persist. Influencia Humana y Predictores Biogeográficos Clásicos de la Ocurrencia de Especies Raras     

Seasonal dynamics of macro-algae in the South Lake of Tunis

The macro-algae communities observed in the south lake of Tunis are characterized by the predominance of nitrophilous algae which are in the order of biomass importance:Ulva, Cladophora andEnteromorpha. We have noted seasonal changes of alga distribution. The wind appears to be one of the most important factors influencing this distribution. The total biomass reaches a maximum in the spring. Rapid decomposition of the biomass leads to a severe ecological imbalance, resulting in crises of anoxia and fish death. A restoration project has already started. It aims at removal of contaminated muds and the introduction of a new circulation system. The main objectives of this work were to collect information on the distribution and biomass of the phytobenthic communities as a first step in the constitution of a database for further comparison.     

Patterns and biases of climate change threats in the IUCN Red List

International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments rely on published data and expert inputs, and biases can be introduced where underlying definitions and concepts are ambiguous. Consideration of climate change threat is no exception, and recently numerous approaches to assessing the threat of climate change to species have been developed. We explored IUCN Red List assessments of amphibians and birds to determine whether species listed as threatened by climate change display distinct patterns in terms of habitat occupied and additional nonclimatic threats faced. We compared IUCN Red List data with a published data set of species’ biological and ecological traits believed to infer high vulnerability to climate change and determined whether distributions of climate change‐threatened species on the IUCN Red List concur with those of climate change‐threatened species identified with the trait‐based approach and whether species possessing these traits are more likely to have climate change listed as a threat on the IUCN Red List. Species in some ecosystems (e.g., grassland, shrubland) and subject to particular threats (e.g., invasive species) were more likely to have climate change as a listed threat. Geographical patterns of climate change‐threatened amphibians and birds on the IUCN Red List were incongruent with patterns of global species richness and patterns identified using trait‐based approaches. Certain traits were linked to increases or decreases in the likelihood of a species being threatened by climate change. Broad temperature tolerance of a species was consistently related to an increased likelihood of climate change threat, indicating counterintuitive relationships in IUCN assessments. To improve the robustness of species assessments of the vulnerability or extinction risk associated with climate change, we suggest IUCN adopt a more cohesive approach whereby specific traits highlighted by our results are considered in Red List assessments. To achieve this and to strengthen the climate change‐vulnerability assessments approach, it is necessary to identify and implement logical avenues for further research into traits that make species vulnerable to climate change (including population‐level threats).