Treatment of oilfield produced water by anaerobic process coupled with micro-electrolysis

Treatment of oilfield produced water was investigated using an anaerobic process coupled with micro-electrolysis (ME), focusing on changes in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biodegradability. Results showed that COD exhibited an abnormal change in the single anaerobic system in which it increased within the first 168 hr, but then decreased to 222 mg/L after 360 hr. The biological oxygen demand (five-day) (BOD5)/COD ratio of the water increased from 0.05 to 0.15. Hydrocarbons in the wastewater, such as pectin, degraded to small molecules during the hydrolytic acidification process. Comparatively, the e ect of ME was also investigated. The COD underwent a slight decrease and the BOD5/COD ratio of the water improved from 0.05 to 0.17 after ME. Removal of COD was 38.3% under the idealized ME conditions (pH 6.0), using iron and active carbon (80 and 40 g/L, respectively). Coupling the anaerobic process with ME accelerated the COD removal ratio (average removal was 53.3%). Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to analyze organic species conversion. This integrated system appeared to be a useful option for the treatment of water produced in oilfields.     

UV-catalytic treatment of spent caustic from ethene plant with hydrogen peroxide and ozone oxidation

The performance of UV/H2O2, UV/O3 and UV/H2O2/O3 oxidation systems for treating spent caustic from an ethylene plant was investigated, in UV/H2O2 system, with the increase of H202 dosage, removal efficiencies of COD and the ratio of biochemical oxygen demand(BOD) to chemical oxygen demand(COD) of the effluent were increased and a better performance was obtained than the H2O2 system alone. In UV/H2O2 system, removal efficiency of COD reach 68% under the optimum condition, and BOD/COD ratio was significantly increased from 0.22 to 0.52. In UV/O3 system, with the increase of O3 dosage, removal efficiency of COD and BOD/COD ratio were increased, and a better performance was obtained than the O3 system alone. Under the optimum condition, removal efficiency of COD was 54%, and BOD/COD ratio was significantly increased from 0.22 to 0.48. In UV/H2O2/O3 system, COD removal efficiency was found to be 22.0% higher than UV/O3 system.     

稠油乳化段废水厌氧处理过程中COD与BOD5的协同变化及可生化性研究

稠油乳化段废水中的主要污染物为有机聚合物和石油类污染物，BOD5／COD值极低，可生化性差，通过厌氧处理可使污染物发生水解反应，BOD5／COD值由0．08升为0．15（288h)，与其它难降解有机废水的厌处理结果不同，在BOD5增加的同时，COD亦大幅度增加，而在全部厌氧反应过程中，TOC一直呈下降趋势，表明水样中的污染物在生物作用下不断得到消减；在COD达到最高时，石油类污染物中胶质的浓度大幅度降低，烷烃的浓度升高，说明以胶质为代表的大分子污染物因子解反应，由K2Cr2O7不能氧化状态变为可氧化状态，导致COD测量值显著升高。     

Photo-assisted fenton oxidation of refractory organics in UASB-pretreated leachate

Nearly 91% of organic pollutants in Hong Kong leachate could be effectively removed by the UASB(upflow anaerobic sludge blanket)process followed by the fenton coagulation.The COD(chemical oxygen demand)of leachate was lowered from an average of 5620 mg/L to 1910 mg/L after the UASB treatment at 37℃,and was further lowered to 513 mg/L after fenton coagulation.The remaining refractory residues could be further removed by plotochemical oxidation with the addition of H2O2.The BOD/COD ratio was greatly increased from 0.062 to 0.142,indicating the biodegradability of organic residues was improved.The photochemical oxidation for the fenton-coagulation supernatant was most effective at pH3-4,with the addition of 800 mg/L of H2O2,and UV radiation time of 30 minutes.The final effluent contained only 148 mg/L of COD,21 mg/L of BOD(biochemical oxygen demand)and 56 mg/L of TOC (total organic carbon).     

垂直流-潜流式人工湿地技术在北京流域污染治理中的应用研究

研究垂直流-潜流式人工湿地系统在治理北京龙道河流域污染中的效能.结果表明,该系统能确保冬季低温条件下运行,对化学耗氧量(COD)、5日生化需氧量(BOD5)、总磷(TP)、氨氮(NH3-N)和悬浮固体(SS)具有稳定的去除效果,平均去除率分别达到了81%、85%、96%、77%和85%,出水中溶解氧(Do)平均质量浓度达到2mg/L.     

Treatment of a dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill using an A/O membrane bio-reactor

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｄｙｅｉｎｇｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｏｆｗｏｏｌｅｎｍｉｌｌｃｏｎｔａｉｎｓａｌｏｔｋｉｎｄｓｏｆｐｏｌｌｕｔａｎｔｓ,ｓｕｃｈａｓａｃｉｄｉｃｄｙｅｓ,ｄｉｓｐｅｒｓｅｄｙｅｓ,ｍｏｒｄａｎｔｄｙｅｓ,ａｕｘｉｌｉａｒｉｅｓ,ｓａｌｔｓａｎｄｓｏｏｎ .Ｔｈｅｅｆｆｌｕｅｎｔｓｆｒｏｍｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｐｌａｎｔｓｆｏｒｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｏｆｔｈｅｄｙｅｉｎｇｗａｓｔｅｗａｔｅｒｏｆｗｏｏｌｅｎｍｉｌｌｓｗｉｔｈｎｏｒｍａｌｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｐｒｏｃｅ…     

Treatment of a dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill using an A/O membrane bio-reactor

An anaerobic/oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O MBR) was used for treatment of dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill.COD and color of the wastewater were 54-473 mg/L and 40-400 dilution time (DT) respectively. The ratio of BOD5/COD was less than 0.13. By the A/O MBR process, the average removal of COD, BOD5, color and turbidity was 82％, 96％, 71％ and 99％, respectively. The average COD, BOD5, color and turbidity of effluent was 37 nag/L, 0.8 mg/L, 40 DT and 0.44 NUT respectively. The effluent COD met the local standard of reuse water in Beijing, China. The average COD volume load of the anaerobic biological tank was 0. 0483 kgCOD/(m3·d) and that of the aeration tank of the MBR was 0. 3589 kgCOD/(m3·d). The sludge load of the MBR was 0.19 kgCOD/(kg· MLSS· d) on average and the maximum of that was 0.4 kgCOD/( kg· MLSS· d).The flux of the A/O membrane bioreactor could be remained at larger than 50 L/(h· m2· 0.1MPa). The results indicated that A/O membrane bioreactor has technical feasibility for treatment of woolen mill wastewater.     

膜生物反应器处理毛纺废水的中试研究

采用中试规模(10t/d)的厌氧-好氧膜生物反应器(A/O MBR)处理毛纺印染废水.当HRT为7h,进水COD、BOD₅分别为179～358mg/L和44.8～206mg/L,试验系统对COD、BODs、色度、浊度的平均去除率分别为92.1%、98.4%、60.7%、98.9%,出水水质浓度或指标值分别为20.2mg/L、1.6mg/L、25倍、0.51 NTU.出水水质指标达到建设部生活杂用水水质标准(CJ25.1-89).A/O MBR工艺处理毛纺印染废水技术可行、操作简单、易于管理,可为工业规模应用提供技术参考.     

微电解-生化工艺在硝基苯废水处理中的协同作用

采用微电解与生化工艺结合处理硝基苯废水。通过微电解提高废水的可生化性 ,使废水的BOD5 CODCr由 0 11提高至 0 2 6 ;利用H O工艺进行后续处理 ,在H柱水力停留时间为 2 0h ,O柱水力停留时间为 10h的条件下 ,废水的总CODCr去除率为 86 % ,硝基苯的去除率为 99%     

高氮渗滤液缺氧/厌氧UASB-SBR工艺低温深度脱氮

在低温条件下,采用缺氧/厌氧UASB-SBR组合工艺处理实际垃圾填埋场渗滤液.结果表明,该工艺可实现有机物和氮的同步、深度去除.在进水COD平均为11950.2mg/L,NH4+-N为982.7mg/L的条件下,出水分别为390.1mg/L和2.9mg/L,去除率分别为96.7%和99.7%.同时,缺氧UASB1反应器的最大COD负荷达到13kg/(m3×d),最大COD去除速率为12.39 kg/(m3×d),具有高效缺氧反硝化和高效厌氧降解有机物反应的双重功效, 在SBR反应器的缺氧段和缺氧UASB,反应器内获得了99%以上的反硝化率.对于冬季水温分别为14.9,14.1,13.5,11.05℃的低温条件下,SBR反应器实现了完全硝化和反硝化,出水TN分别为4.1,5.7,14.1,16.5mg/L,达到了深度脱氮的目的.此外,在上述温度范围内,温度对反硝化速率(rN)的影响大于对硝化速率 (rDN)的影响, rN/rDN比值相对恒定.     

二级曝气生物滤池(BAF)工艺在屠宰废水处理中的应用

屠宰废水有机物浓度和色度较高,水质和水量波动较大。采用连续流二级曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理东北某肉业集团公司屠宰加工废水,在进水COD浓度为3 000~3 200 mg/L,BOD5为1 000~1 200 mg/L,SS=1 000~1 200 mg/L的情况下,对系统的处理性能进行研究。结果表明,当气/水比为2:1时,二级BAF去除污染物效果最好,此时,系统对COD、BOD5、氨氮、TN和SS总的去除率分别为87.11%、87.78%、91.1%、51.0%和92.1%。BAF工艺表现出了较强的处理能力和抗冲击负荷能力,出水能够连续稳定地满足国家《肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准》(GB13457-92)二级排放标准。     

Sludge reduction during brewery wastewater treatment by hydrolyzation-food chain reactor system

During brewery wastewater treatment by a hydrolyzation-food chain reactor (FCR) system, sludge was recycled to the anaerobic segment. With the function of hydrolyzation acidification in the anaerobic segment and the processes of aerobic oxidation and antagonism, predation, interaction and symbiosis among microbes in multilevel oxidation segment, residual sludge could be reduced effectively. The 6-month dynamic experiments show that the average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal ratio was 92.6% and average sludge production of the aerobic segment was 8.14%, with the COD of the influent at 960–1720 mg/L and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 h. Since the produced sludge could be recycled and hydrolyzed in the anaerobic segment, no excess sludge was produced during the steady running for this system.     

O3/GAC/UV预处理医药化工废水的研究

以对硝基苯甲酸车间废水为试验对象，采用先进的O3/GAC／UV工艺进行预处理。结果表明：对原水CODcr浓度为10960mg／L，经预氧化处理后，CODcr去除率达53％，废水BOD5／CODcr由原来的0．1提高到0．34，极大地改善了废水的生化性能，为后续的生物降解打下了良好的基础。     

二氧化氯/活性炭催化氧化处理对硝基苯甲酸废水影响因素

以对硝基苯甲酸废水为处理对象,分别考察了活性炭投加量、二氧化氯投加量、pH值及反应时间等因素对二氧化氯/活性炭催化氧化工艺处理对硝基苯甲酸废水的影响.并在最优条件下,通过试验考证了该工艺作为高浓度对硝基苯甲酸废水的预处理手段,在去除废水中COD和提高可生化性(BOD5/COD)方面的综合效果.结果表明,采用ClO2与活性炭组成催化氧化体系,其处理COD为109印mg·L-1,的对硝基苯甲酸废水,效率比单独使用二氧化氯高10%;在废水pH值为4.1时,当活性炭投加量为200 g·L-l、反应时间30 min、二氧化氯投加量为300 mg·L-1,时,废水的COD降至7 100 mg·L-1,去除率达到35%, BOD5浓度提高到1 810 mg·L-1,废水的BOD5/COD值由原来的0.10提高到0.25,明显提高了废水的可生化性.因此,二氧化氯/活性炭催化氧化工艺是预处理高浓度对硝基苯甲酸废水的有效手段.     

铁炭微电解组合工艺处理大蒜切片废水研究

采用铁炭微电解技术为核心工艺的混凝-铁炭微电解-强化电解组合工艺对大蒜切片废水进行处理,主要研究了铁炭微电解的运行参数,包括曝气与否、废水pH值、反应时间、铁炭质量比、铁水质量比对COD去除效果的影响。结果表明:经过组合工艺处理后,废水刺鼻的气味完全消除,浊度去除率达100%,ρ(COD)值由13050mg/L降至878mg/L,去除率达93.3%,BOD5/COD(B/C)值由0.10提高到0.46,废水的可生化性显著提高。     

高浓度炼油化工废水HA/O_1/O_2处理工艺及应用

主要探讨了一种新的A O工艺组合HA O1 O2 工艺及其技术特点 ,并成功应用于高浓度炼油化工废水处理。工艺采用膜法水解酸化 (HA)、一级泥法好氧 (O1 )和二级膜法好氧 (O2 ) ,设计总停留时间 5 0h。在设计进水水量30 0m3 h、CODCr=12 0 0mg L、BOD5=5 0 0mg L ,Oil≤ 2 0mg L ,pH =6～ 9的条件下 ,出水CODCr≤ 10 0mg L ,去除率达 92 %以上     

Experimental study on pressurized activated sludge process for high concentration pesticide wastewater

Pressurized biochemical process derived from traditional activated sludge processes is an innovative technology for wastewater treatment. The main advantage of the pressurized process is that the oxygen transfer barrier can be overcome by increasing the dissolved oxygen level. In this study, high concentration pesticide wastewater was treated by pressurized activated sludge process. It was found that the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) increased steadily with the increase of operating pressure, aeration time, and sludge concentration. When the operation pressure was 0.30 MPa and the aeration time was 6 hr, 85.0%–92.5% COD, corresponding to an effluent COD of 230–370 mg/L, was removed from an influent COD of 2500–5000 mg/L. The obtained outlet COD concentration was lower than 350–450 mg/L for the identical process operated under the atmospheric pressure. In addition, pressurized biochemical process could produce a higher COD volumetric loading rate at 5.8–7.6 kg COD/(m3·day), compared with 2.0–2.8 kg COD/(m3·day) using the same equipment at the atmospheric pressure. The COD concentration followed a modified Monod model with Vmax 2.31 day-1 and KS 487 mg/L.     

城市生活垃圾渗滤液的ASBR-SBR生物脱氮研究

将ASBR和SBR反应器组合起来,形成一种序批式操作的垃圾渗滤液处理工艺,两反应器的运行周期均为12h。将原水加入ASBR中进行厌氧消化,研究了废水在28.8h～72h四种不同水力停留时间(HRT)下的处理效果,结果表明,将ASBR的HRT控制在36h,在保持41.2%COD去除率的同时,出水BOD5/COD及BOD5/NH4+-N分别为0.41和4.6,对有机物和氮的后续好氧生物去除较为有利。以HRT为36h方式运行的ASBR出水为进水,研究了每周期进水量占反应器混合液比例R分别为0.67、0.50、0.33和0.17情况下,SBR去除有机物及脱氮的效果,结果表明,对于pH较低的垃圾渗滤液,R≤0.5时,反应器内反硝化反应产生的碱度和硝化反应消耗的碱度较为平衡,pH稳定在脱氮微生物适宜的范围内,脱氮及去除有机物的效果较好,对COD去除率在88%～90%,NH4+-N去除率在96%～98%,TN去除率在55%～84%,其中TN去除率与R存在较好的线性相关性,TN去除率随着R的减小而逐步提高.     

Microbial community structure in an integrated A/O reactor treating diluted livestock wastewater during start-up period

In order to investigate the correlation between reactor performance and the microorganisms, an integrated A/O reactor was operated for 72 days to treat diluted livestock wastewater. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal e ciency increased from 79% to 94%, with total nitrogen (TN) removal e ciency from 37% to 50% (HRT 7.4 hr) when the influent COD and TN were ca. 1500 mg/L and 95 mg/L, respectively, and the outlet COD concentration was less than 100 mg/L at the end. Microbial community was monitored during start-up period by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) based on 16S rRNA gene. DGGE profiles showed that microbial community had changed significantly during the start-up and these shifts were in accordance with the reactor performance. UPGMA clustering analysis showed that 14 anaerobic samples fell into five main groups and so did the aerobic ones, but the grouping patterns were di erent. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that microbial populations in the anaerobic compartment belonged to Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Bacteroidetes, while Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobiae and Nitrospira were present in the aerobic compartment. In the anaerobic compartment, more fermentative and acetogenic bacteria were detected during the start-up while denitrifying bacteria faded away. Two functional populations such as Nitrospira defluvii and Dechloromonas denitrificans were observed when nitrogen removal was high, indicating that simultaneous nitrification and denitrification occurred in the aerobic compartment.     

一种垃圾渗滤液的处理技术

本文采用厌氧反应器UASB+膜生物反应器MBR+纳滤工艺处理垃圾填埋场废水,设计处理能力为100m3/d,在进水CODs:和BODs分别为10 000 mg/L和5 000 mg/L时,经处理后,出水CODc:和BODs分别为60mg/L和20mg/L,其去除率分别为99.4%和99.6%,且出水稳定,达到了<北京市水...