共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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洗毛碳化废水处理是一项难度较大的科研课题,目前国内外尚无突破性进展。本文介绍从改革洗毛碳化工艺入手,采用多系统综合处理废水的试验结果。实验证明,经除泥渣和提取油脂后的废水,可循环使用至三天,节约了软水、蒸汽、洗剂、助剂,减少了排放量,降低了废水中有机物含量,费用支出略有盈余。最终将废水纳入二级处理系统,力争使废水达到国家排放标准。 相似文献
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Municipal solid waste management in Accra, Ghana, is at present delivered in an unsustainable manner. Due to uncontrolled urbanisation, large quantities of waste are generated daily in Accra, and this exerts much pressure on an over strained solid waste management system. Coupled with weak institutional capacity, and lack of resources, both human and capital, the city authorities face difficulties in ensuring that all the waste generated in the city is collected for disposal. Home collection of waste is limited to high and, some middle income areas while the poor are left to contend with the problem on their own. This leads to indiscriminate disposal of waste in surface drains, canals and streams, creating unsanitary, and unsightly environments in many parts of the city. 相似文献
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Godlisten Gladstone Kombe;Ceven Shemsanga; 《环境质量管理》2024,33(4):365-378
Despite the potential economic benefit that can be realized, universities in developing countries continue to invest money in disposing of solid wastes. This is because they often view solid wastes as a burden and a problem, rather than as a potential resource. This paper presents the results of a study that examined the sources, composition, and volume of solid waste at the University of Dodoma, the largest campus in Tanzania, and explored its potential environmental and economic benefits. The study found that the university generates an annual average of 644.56 tonnes of solid waste, with paper and cardboard accounting for 35.81%, plastics for 43.73%, e-waste for 2.38%, food waste for 9.24%, clothes for 5.72%, glass for 1%, and metals for 2.12%. In spite of the potential economic benefits of recycling and composting, the university currently disposes of most of its waste, and does not engage in sorting and separation of waste at the source. The study estimates that 90.76% of the recyclable waste generated at the university has an economic value of 142,301.20 USD annually, and could be sold to relevant recycling markets, while 9.24% of the waste is compostable and has the potential to be used for biogas generation and composting. The paper discusses the economic potential of each identified solid waste stream, and presents recommendations for profitability and sustainable environmental management on campus. The paper offers valuable insights for other universities with similar settings and aspirations for sustainable waste management practices. 相似文献
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Rajendra Kumar Foolmaun Dinkar Sharma Chamilall 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(11):966-972
In Mauritius, solid waste disposal has been a cause for concern since the 1980s. Currently, there is no segregation of waste and some 1200 tonnes of solid waste are generated daily by the 1.24 million inhabitants of the island. As processes such as recycling and composting are still in their infancy stage, most of the waste generated have to be disposed of at the sole landfill. The solid waste management practices of 1980s and early 1990s are no longer compatible with the changing composition and quantity of wastes now generated. As a result, there is an urgency to review the whole waste management system and come forward with sustainable solutions.This paper presents an overview of the disposal of non-hazardous solid waste in Mauritius and provides recommendations for improving the current disposal system. 相似文献
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我国固体废物处理利用行业2008年发展综述 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
中国环境保护产业协会固体废物处理利用专业委员会 《中国环保产业》2009,(9):19-23
综述了我国固体废物处理利用概况、行业发展的状况及特点,提出了行业发展中存在的问题及建议。 相似文献
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固体废物进出口是影响我国生态文明建设及区域可持续发展的重要因素,也是最近环境管理关注的焦点。为了认识我国固体废物的进出口形势和全球固体废物贸易的格局,本文以进口量最大的固体废物——废纸为例,系统总结梳理了近年来我国废纸进出口情况的演化,绘制了2016年国际废纸贸易的流向地图,从2015年以来的废物管理政策调整出发探讨未来废纸产业的发展和转变。研究发现:(1)作为主要的造纸原材料,我国废纸进口量从1996年的137万t增加到2016年的2850万t,增长了近20倍。(2)当前全球废纸贸易突出表现为发达国家出口、发展中国家进口的格局,我国作为最大的废纸进口国,进口约占全球总量55%的废纸,美国则为最大的废纸出口国,出口约占全球总量36%的废纸。(3)应对洋垃圾入境的挑战,未来我国应在进口管控、再生资源产业发展等多个方面继续加强政策的引导和调控作用,激励国内的再生资源市场,促使废纸利用企业调整产业布局,加快产业转型。 相似文献
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针对我国环境污染严重,资源、能源利用率低的现状,胜利油田积极开展“三废”资源化工作。通过对废水、固体废物、工业废气资源化现状的分析,科学地论证了“三废”资源化具有投资少,处理工艺简单易行,处理成本低,管理难度小等优点。找出存在的主要问题,并提出下一步工作目标。 相似文献
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《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2012,55(2):245-266
Formulating efficient waste management policy requires data on market conditions. Data on household waste management behaviour in Ireland is scarce, and policy making could benefit from improved data and market analysis. In this paper we estimate models of household waste management behaviour in Ireland using econometrics and simple comparison of average effects, but we find that some important parameters cannot be obtained robustly using existing aggregate data. Drawing upon international literature in order to complete our assumptions, we apply a simulation model to illustrate the likely effects of some current policy options. We show that increases in the landfill levy are likely to have little effect on household behaviour if pay-by-use tariffs are not fully implemented, and we find that while introducing additional bins for segregated compostable waste may divert significant quantities of such waste, they are more effective in cities than in rural areas. We also highlight key shortcomings of the available data. 相似文献
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Mostafa Khaled Hussien Noby Eman S. Mansor Ahmed H. Elshazly Walid A. Aissa 《环境质量管理》2023,32(4):93-102
In our previous work, the prepared high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) membranes, synthesized using four concentrations (20, 25, 30, and 35 wt%) of waste HIPS, were proved to be promising for water purification by microfiltration process (MF). However, the fabricated membranes' mechanical properties and microfiltration process parameters were not investigated. Consequently, in this study, various parameters affecting the previously fabricated membranes' performance in the filtration process, such as membrane mechanical properties, feeding pressure, fouling behavior, and polymer concentration, were thoroughly investigated. With increasing polystyrene concentrations, the ultimate tensile strength of the fabricated membranes increased. When the concentration was increased from 20 to 25 wt percent, the elongation at break rose, but as the concentration was increased further, the membrane became brittle. Permeate flux and rejection both declined as polymer content was raised. Accordingly, the highest flux and humic acid (HA) rejection were shown by 20 wt% (14.18 L/m2h (LMH) and 98.95%, respectively). The antifouling properties declined when the polymer concentration was raised, and 20 wt% had the lowest total fouling resistance. Furthermore, the permeate flux was reduced while increasing the HA initial concentration. 相似文献
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Assessing instruments for mixed household solid waste collection services in the Flemish region of Belgium 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
Instruments to reduce waste can be divided into three groups: first, pecuniary incentives; second, service level; finally, measurements stimulating prevention and waste reduction. Also specific characteristics of the community determine the amount of waste generated. We evaluate whether findings in literature on effectiveness of policy measures are valid for Belgium, specifically for the Flemish region. The policy mix instituted by the Flemish authorities in the ‘implementation plan household waste 2003–2007’ and implemented by local authorities, is assessed. Multiple regression analysis identifies those measurements having the greatest impact on household solid waste.We found an income elasticity of 0.326. Also the provided service level has a significant impact. Pecuniary incentives are effective instruments in reducing waste, with a price elasticity of −0.139. Furthermore, a higher percentage of direct costs, directly attributable to waste services, borne by households, reduces waste. A consequent implementation of the ‘polluter pays’ principle proves to be effective. 相似文献
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针对化学混凝处理含油污泥中混凝剂投加量大而混凝效率较低的问题,通过实验研究了Ｃｌ－对混凝剂处理含油污泥絮凝效率的影响。实验中采用抽滤的方法来测定絮凝效率。实验结果表明Ｃｌ－是影响絮凝效率的重要因素,Ｃｌ－＜１００００ｍｇ／Ｌ时,Ａｌ２（ＳＯ４）３、ＰＡＣ混凝效果较好,Ｃｌ－＞２００００ｍｇ／Ｌ时,ＰＡＭ的混凝效果较好。 相似文献
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This paper is based on a review of the methodological approaches associated with solid waste management (SWM) in the context of sub-Saharan African (SSA) cities. Using Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as a case study, the paper proposes a new way of looking at solid waste in the bid to come up with alternative methods to improve the plight of SWM. A combination of qualitative research methods and system analysis have been employed to evaluate the causal relationships observed in contemporary SWM systems in Kinshasa. This paper argues that there is an absence of coherent and broad-based approaches to SWM in Kinshasa as is common in other SSA countries. Empirical evidence suggests that contemporary SWM strategies and approaches developed on a global scale which have increasingly been adopted by the Congolese national and local government authorities have proven inadequate to address the SWM realities on a local level. Using system thinking and system dynamics, this paper attempts to develop a feasible methodological framework focusing on the formulation of an appropriate approach to improve SWM in Kinshasa. It is argued that new ways of approaching the complexity that exists in SWM will facilitate the adoption of technologies and innovative ways of thinking and managing solid waste in a more sustainable, socially, and environmentally accepted manner. 相似文献
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随着社会文明的高速发展,越来越多的高科技新兴产品渗入人们的生活,带给人们更多的方便和享受,从而也使城市生活垃圾结构发生了很大的改变,废电池、废电冰箱、废电脑等家用电器及其废物的另类生活垃圾成为今天新的环境问题。另类生活垃圾成份复杂,对环境产生的影响大、影响时间长、回收价值高,在发达国家已建立了较完善的管理和处置系统,我国在这方面的工作刚刚起步。本文就国外另类生活垃圾的处理及我省的处理处置情况及规划设想进行了介绍。 相似文献
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城市生活垃圾填埋场甲烷气资源的产量估算及其利用 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
本文论述了填埋场甲烷气体的产生过程及影响因素,介绍了三种产气量估算方法及其主要特点、适用范围,并指出运用数学模型对产气量作出预测,为垃圾填埋场气体收集与处理系统的设计提供可靠的依据。同时,论述了甲烷气体的减排和综合利用措施。 相似文献
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介绍了玻璃电熔技术处理工业固体废物的基本原理、主要优点、应用实例及开发情况,对该技术的应用前景进行了预测。 相似文献