马尾松树轮早材、晚材年表对气候因子响应的敏感性分析

为探究亚热带地区树木年轮早材、晚材宽度指标用于气候变化分析的敏感性差异,及全球气候变暖背景下亚热带不同地区马尾松径向生长可能受到的影响。在马尾松(Pinus massoniana)主要分布区的大致西缘、南缘、中心区、北缘和东缘5个典型的亚热带地区建立起马尾松早材、晚材宽度指标的树轮年表,与各地记录的标准化降水蒸发指数、降水、月均温、月最高温、月最低温5个气候因子多年的单月值及多月值数据进行相关分析。结果发现:(1)所有地点的马尾松早材年表和晚材年表的平均敏感度均较高(0.185～0.273),可用于气候重建工作。(2)同一样区早材和晚材年表的相关性较高,但早材对气候的敏感性高于晚材年表。(3)马尾松树轮宽度对气候要素的响应在不同的地域存在一定的差异与联系。生长季早期的气温升高会对西缘、南缘、中心区和东缘样区马尾松的径向生长产生有利影响,但在较为干旱的北样区,马尾松径向生长则易受到升温造成的水分抑制作用。(4)在不区分上一年或当年条件下,夏季的降水对5个样区马尾松径向生长具有高湿制约作用,秋冬季降水对马尾松径向生长具有有利作用。     

南京紫金山马尾松树轮δ13C对气候变化响应敏感性的研究

树木年轮宽度指标在气候重建中发挥了重要的作用,可是在温暖湿润的地区,利用树木年轮宽度重建古气候遇到了困难。因此寻找其他代用指标就成为一项急迫而重要的任务。一些研究发现,树轮稳定碳同位素可以发挥重要的作用。但是,是否所有的树种的树轮碳同位素对气候的响应都同样的敏感,还需要通过大量的研究分析工作来验证。为了了解温暖湿润的亚热带季风区马尾松树轮δ13C对气候响应的敏感性,选取了南京紫金山的两个马尾松树盘,进行了树轮δ13C的分析,建立了1939~2002和1955~2002年两个树轮δ13C变化序列。与降水、温度、相对湿度、光照时数、风速等气候指标进行了相关分析。结果表明：（1）马尾松树轮δ13C对于气候的响应是敏感的,可以作为气候变化的代用指标;（2）坡向对于马尾松树轮δ13C对气候的响应敏感性也有一定的影响,树轮δ13C平均值西南坡比东南坡高,西南坡比东南坡对月平均最低和最高温度的响应更敏感;（3）紫金山马尾松树轮δ13C与该地区生长季（尤其是夏、秋季）的月平均气温、月平均最高气温和日照时数呈正相关,而与月平均最低气温、降水量、空气相对湿度呈负相关     

川西南柳杉早材、晩材年表与温度和降雨的关系

年轮宽度和气候要素的相关或响应分析已大量应用在气候 树木生长的相互作用研究中。以川西南区瓦屋山自然保护区速生树种柳杉（Cryptomeria fortunei）的71个样芯,探讨了温度和降雨与柳杉早材、晩材年表的关系,结果表明早材径向生长对温度变化比较敏感,早材年轮指数序列与当年4月的平均温度、4月平均最高温度、上年9、10月平均最高温度间呈显著正相关关系,与当年7月平均温度以及上年11月最低温度间均存在显著负相关关系;晚材年轮序列与当年10月的平均最高温度呈显著正相关关系。柳杉早材年轮的生长过程中气温“滞后效应”表现明显,特别是在上个生长季的9～10月,最高温度的变化对柳杉当年生长季节形成较宽的年轮有重要的作用。不同的季节温度、降水量变化影响早材、晚材年轮的形成与生长     

Insular Pine Forests of the Southern Urals and Ribbon Pine Forests of the Altai as Objects of Dendroclimatic Research

Russian Journal of Ecology - It has recently become a matter of discussion whether it is correct to use regional tree-ring chronologies in spatiotemporal climate reconstructions, since natural and...     

Earlywood and Latewood Features of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus sylvestris</Emphasis> in Semiarid Natural Zones of South Siberia

Chronologies of the anatomical and integral parameters of the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) earlywood and latewood were investigated for two sites in the Minusinsk depression with different soil moisture conditions. Patterns of statistical characteristics and climatic responses of the chronologies were identified. Differences between sites were revealed in the cell diameter and wall thickness distributions. These differences are indicators of adapting pine wood structure to the moisture deficit.     

Regional features of the radial growth of larch in north central Siberia according to millennial tree-ring chronologies

A 1138-year tree-ring chronology has been constructed for the region of the Bol’shoi Avam River (the Putoran Plateau). Its comparison with millennial chronologies for the Taimyr Peninsula and Mangazeya has shown that all these chronologies are fairly synchronous with respect to both high-frequency (annual) and low-frequency (long-term) components, although each has its specific regional features. The results of dendroclimatic analysis provide evidence for the prevailing influence of air temperature in July (compared to that in June) on the radial growth of larch in the middle reaches of the Bol’shoi Avam. Consistent long-term changes in radial tree increment (and in summer air temperature) in a large sector of the Subarctic over the past 1000 years have been revealed.     

Radial increment of larch and pine in central Yakutia as dependent on climate change over the past 120 years

The results of studies on the radial increment of larch and pine in central Yakutia are presented. The application of dendroclimatological methods to the study of tree-ring chronologies has made it possible to evaluate tree growth response to the dynamics of climatic factors over the past 120 years. The results of analysis of radial tree increment show that the onset of the growing season has shifted to earlier dates by the end of the 20th century.     

Can we infer avalanche–climate relations using tree-ring data? Case studies in the French Alps

Dendrogeomorphology is a powerful tool to determine past avalanche activity, but whether or not the obtained annually resolved chronologies are sufficiently detailed to infer avalanche–climate relationships (in terms of temporal resolution) remains an open question. In this work, avalanche activity is reconstructed in five paths of the French Alps and crossed with a set of snow and weather variables covering the period 1959–2009 on a monthly and annual (winter) basis. The variables which best explain avalanche activity are highlighted with an original variable selection procedure implemented within a logistic regression framework. The same approach is used for historical chronologies available for the same paths, as well as for the composite tree-ring/historical chronologies. Results suggest that dendrogeomorphic time series allow capturing the relations between snow or climate and avalanche occurrences to a certain extent. Weak links exist with annually resolved snow and weather variables and the different avalanche chronologies. On the contrary, clear statistical relations exist between these and monthly resolved snow and weather variables. In detail, tree rings seem to preferentially record avalanches triggered during cold winter storms with heavy precipitation. Conversely, historical avalanche data seem to contain a majority of events that were released later in the season and during episodes of strong positive temperature anomalies.     

Dendrochronology of bristlecone pine, Pinus longaeva

Since 1953 the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research has conducted dendrochronological studies of bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva D.K. Bailey, sp. nov.) in the White Mountains of California. This research resulted in the establishment of a continuous tree-ring sequence of 8253 yr. The millennia-old pines have emerged as a unique source of chronological data and the precisely dated wood is essential to certain paleoenvironmental and geophysical investigations. Over 1000 dendrochronologically dated decade samples of bristlecone pine supplied to three C-14 laboratories have been used to calibrate the radiocarbon time scale for the past seven millennia, a development of far reaching consequences in the fields of archaeology and geology. In addition, recent advances in other methods of analyzing past climatic variability — techniques involving stable isotope ratios, amino acid racemization, remanent magnetism, and trace element abundances — have greatly increased the demand for wood of known age and, hence, for chronology development. Spanning the past 7500 yr, 1138 prepared decade samples, with a total weight of nearly 16 kg are available for study.     

An 8768-year Yamal Tree-ring Chronology as a Tool for Paleoecological Reconstructions

Russian Journal of Ecology - Abstract—In recent years, the supra-long Yamal tree-ring chronology has been significantly extended and became much more reliable. This article characterizes the...