首钢烧结厂PM_(10)治理技术与经济分析

通过对首钢烧结厂的污染结点、污染物特性、污染物控制技术措施和技术规范进行分析,提出了烧结厂PM10控制方案,对烧结厂采用高效除尘设备的PM10削减量及改造费用进行了估算,确定了烧结厂PM10治理技术方案排序,为钢铁企业烧结厂治理颗粒污染物的同时选择最为经济实用的除尘器类型提供理论依据.     

水力截获技术研究进展

水力截获技术是地下水污染控制及修复技术的重要措施之一,它是通过一系列合理布置的抽注水井,最大限度地抽取污染地下水,有效控制污染物运移的一种水动力技术,其核心是根据污染场地的水文地质背景条件、污染物性质及其分布特征,应用渗流理论及最优化理论等学科知识,在污染带下游设置治理井来形成水力截获带.目前,水力截获技术在国外已被广...     

北京市"十二五"期间主要水污染物减排对策研究

分析了北京市"十一五"期间主要水污染物减排取得的成效及存在的问题.根据国家"十二五"水污染物总量控制新要求,分别预测了北京市城镇生活源及工业源新增的COD及氨氮排放量.北京市污染减排将面临存量削减空间有限,新增污染物排放量削减压力巨大的新形势.提出了北京市"十二五"期间污染减排工作应以城镇生活污水治理为主,与环境改善相...     

首钢烧结厂PM10治理技术与经济分析

通过对首钢烧结厂的污染结点、污染物特性、污染物控制技术措施和技术规范进行分析,提出了烧结厂PM10控制方案,对烧结厂采用高效除尘设备的PM10削减量及改造费用进行了估算,确定了烧结厂PM10治理技术方案排序,为钢铁企业烧结厂治理颗粒污染物的同时选择最为经济实用的除尘器类型提供理论依据。     

总量收费促使企业积极治理削减污染排放

污染物总量控制是对污染源浓度控制的改革，有利于环境质量的改善，应运而生的排放污染物总量收费代替了排放污染物浓度收费，促进了总量控制工作的深入开展，调动了企业治理污染的积极性。总量收费政策执行时间不长，但已受其他政策制约。     

首钢烧结厂PM10治理技术与经济分析

通过对首钢烧结厂的污染结点、污染物特性、污染物控制技术措施和技术规范进行分析,提出了烧结厂PM₁₀控制方案,对烧结厂采用高效除尘设备的PM₁₀削减量及改造费用进行了估算,确定了烧结厂PM₁₀治理技术方案排序,为钢铁企业烧结厂治理颗粒污染物的同时选择最为经济实用的除尘器类型提供理论依据。     

含氟烟气的净化与回收

含氟烟气是主要的大气污染物之一,本文就铝电解、磷肥工业产生的含氟烟气的一般治理方法进行了综述,各企业应因地制宜,选用技术先进、经济合理、操作简单、可有效控制污染的含氟烟气净化工艺.     

突发性场地污染应急控制技术研究进展

随着中国社会经济水平的加速发展,近年来各类突发性场地污染事故频发,如何有效地在第一时间对污染物进行应急控制及场地修复显得尤为重要.以突发性场地污染为研究对象,探讨了土壤及地下水中污染物的应急控制及场地修复技术的研究状况,给出了各项应急控制技术在突发性场地污染事故中适用的目标污染物及土壤类型,以便在实际运用中根据场地的污染类型和土壤性质快速做出响应.最后还指出,应急控制技术作为一种暂时性处理手段,可在场地污染事故发生后对污染物扩散进行快速控制,但不可作为一种长期处置措施.     

关于硝酸工业污染物排放标准的研究

中国近10年来硝酸工业快速发展,但该行业的污染治理和环境管理情况却没有得到同步发展和应有的重视,对环境已造成了严重污染.现行综合排放标准已无法对硝酸工业污染起到控制作用.分析了硝酸工业污染排放情况和国内外相关的排放标准,针对中国实际情况提出了该行业污染物排放标准制定思路,严格控制硝酸工业NOx 和总氮排放,并建议利用国际清洁发展机制对温室气体N2O实施减排控制.     

重庆市重污染次级河流伏牛溪水污染控制与水质改善

针对重庆市部分次级河流耗氧污染物负荷高、水动力学弱化、河流生态系统退化等问题,选取重庆市典型次级河流伏牛溪为研究对象,以水质目标管理为指导思想,开展重污染河流水污染控制与水质改善研究。以V类水为水质目标,通过划分治理单元,开展河流水环境容量核算,分别提出基于现状条件、规划用地及上游补水2种情景下的污染负荷削减计算;根据削减负荷分配的结果,提出各个治理单元的污染负荷削减目标与治理措施,并开展目标可达性分析。治理工程实施后,重庆市伏牛溪水体中主要污染物的平均浓度及年达标率满足考核要求,该方案为我国山地城市重污染河流的水环境治理提供很好的参考。     

燃煤工业锅炉排放二氧化硫对大气的污染及工业固硫型煤的应用

本文论述了我国燃煤工业锅炉排放ＳＯ２对大气污染的状况及发展趋势,以及应用工业固硫型煤控制燃煤工业锅炉对大气的污染。燃煤工业锅炉燃烧工业固硫型煤时,可明显地降低ＳＯ２和烟尘的排放量,并节约煤炭。在当前及今后相当长的时期内,推广和发展工业固硫型煤,是防治燃煤工业锅炉大气ＳＯ２污染的一条投资少、见效快、简便易行的实用措施,其经济效益及环境效益相当可观。     

Public Opinion and Community Involvement

A poll conducted by Opinion Research Corp. in 1965 has indicated to the chemical industry that there is substantial public concern with air pollution only in areas where the problem is critical, that industries are considered among the prime villains, and that there is only limited public awareness of industrial efforts to deal with pollution problems and of the economic factors in community pollution control programs. Other surveys have also pointed to rising public concern with industrial pollution, coupled with a lack of wider standing of the problem. The chemical industry believes that pollution control programs will be greatly handicapped without widespread public understanding and support.     

建材工业氟污染控制技术

本文综述了迄今国内外就砖瓦、陶瓷、搪瓷、水泥及玻璃生产等建材工业氟污染的控制技术 ,并重点介绍了德国为控制该类氟污染所采取的措施     

Interaction of Population Growth,Industrial Growth and Pollution Control

A model is developed which predicts the level of pollution as a function of time given the rate of waste production and the persistence of the pollutant. In general, waste production is a function of the population density and the degree of industrialization of a society. With pollution control programs it is possible to reduce the per capita waste production for a given degree of industrialization. The model demonstrates that in a growth economy such as that of the United States, pollution control programs by themselves only delay the inevitable increase in pollution levels. In the long run population and industrial growth are incompatible with pollution control.     

China’s industrial gray water footprint assessment and implications for investment in industrial wastewater treatment

Industrial wastewater is the largest contributor of toxic pollutants and third-largest contributor of nutrients to bodies of water in China, and understanding the characteristics of such pollution is important for water pollution control. In this study, the industrial gray water footprint (GWF) of each industry sector in China’s 31 provinces in 2015 was calculated to identify the pollution characteristics of industrial wastewater discharge and determine how to efficiently allocate investment to pollution reduction. We show that the total industrial GWF of China was 300 billion m³ in 2015 and that the major pollutants were petroleum pollutant (PP), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), volatile phenol (VP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The water pollution level (WPL) was higher than 1 in Ningxia, Shanxi, Hebei, Tianjin, Shanghai, Henan, and Shandong, indicating that industrial pollution exceeded the carrying capacity of local water bodies in these seven regions. Given equivalent total investment, a scenario that takes the total reduction of the industrial GWF weighted by the WPL in each region as the investment target can better allocate funds to control industrial wastewater pollution in regions with high WPLs relative to a scenario in which investment targets the reduction of the unweighted total industrial GWF. For further industrial GWF reduction in regions with high WPLs, it is crucial to adjust the industrial structure and to upgrade relevant technologies.

     

安全土地填埋技术在我国的应用

沈阳市固体废物处置中心对工业危险废物采用了安全土地填埋技术 ,它的主要特点是安全、工艺简单、可操作性强。能够杜绝危险废物渗析液下渗污染地下水 ,同时又避免了危险废物污染环境卫生。本文主要以沈阳工业危险废物处置填埋场为例 ,介绍安全土地填埋的技术要求、设计要点等     

基于主成分分析法的辽河水体中溶解性金属来源分析

在测定辽河水体中几种主要的溶解性金属(包括7种重金属)的含量和分析其空间分布特征的基础上,运用主成分分析(PCA)法分析了金属的可能来源。结果表明,辽河水体中溶解性金属的平均浓度为Al>Cu>Zn>Cr>Hg>As>Pb>Cd,与欧美发达国家的主要水体相比,辽河水体的金属污染状况总体较重;辽河水体中溶解性金属的污染来源主要分两类:农业面源和工业废水污染源,工业综合污染源;根据主成分得分系数可知,采样点2(通江口)、3(三合屯)、7(朱尔山)的金属污染主要来源于农业面源和工业废水污染源;采样点6(药王庙)的金属污染主要来源于工业综合污染源;基于PCA法的金属来源分析对辽河流域水体金属污染治理对策的制定有着重要的指导意义。     

Epa Looks At “Fugitive Emissions”

The various aspects of two similar but indeed different air pollution problems are discussed. Both fugitive emissions (industrial) and fugitive dust emissions represent problems affecting attainment of national standards. Both are difficult to quantify so as to determine the relative magnitude of the problem. Both have been generally overlooked in the past in relation to developing an effective and widespread air pollution control program. Both problems will generally require the use of non-conventional air pollution control measures. Both are also becoming the subject of more intensive investigation as more knowledge is being gathered to implicate such emissions as significant air pollution problems.     

Air Pollution Emissions from Increased Industrial Coal Use in the Northeastern United States

Evaluating the air pollution impacts of energy use in the industrial sector is difficult because of the diversity and multiplicity of sources and a general lack of systematic, up-to-date data collection mechanisms. Fuel-specific energy consumption for a multi-state region is provided by the U.S. Department of Energy PIES model for a base year (1975), together with scenarios for future years. A computer model developed in this study—the Sub-regional Energy and Emissions Model (SEEM)—is applied to disaggregate the regional industrial figures to the county level according to fuel type and industrial category at the two-digit SIC level. The resulting emissions of total suspended particulates (TSP) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) for all industrial categories are estimated at the county level by Incorporating county-specific air pollution regulations in SEEM, and are then aggregated to larger geographical regions. The model has been applied to evaluate the increased air pollution impacts of industrial energy use in the northeastern United States for two alternative 1990 scenarios: (1) the midrange/trendlong PIES projections, and (2) a Coal Replacement Scenario, which assumes a higher percentage of fuel burned in new boilers will be coal. The results are discussed in terms of implications for air pollution control policy.     

城市第三产业环境行为信息公开化研究初探

产业结构调整和城市化进程加速了中国第三产业的发展，但同时也给环境造成了影响和破坏。分析了中国第三产业环境污染特点，第三产业发展对环境管理的挑战。同时结合污染控制信息手段和环境信息公开的特点和优势，对开展第三产业环境行为信息公开化研究提出了建议。