养殖场沼气工程应用模式

介绍了厌氧发酵制沼气的技术、沼气的应用,及我国农村沼气发展模式,分析了养殖场沼气工程的应用模式以及沼气利用的市场前景。     

城市污水处理厂污泥制肥技术

由山西沃土生物有限公司开发、山西省环保局推荐的污泥制肥技术适用于城市生活污水处理厂。 主要技术内容:一、基本原理:依据生物发酵、复合营养及土壤健康的理论,包括:污泥软化技术,变完全絮凝为半絮凝,缓解城市生活污水污泥在絮凝过程中的不溶解缺陷;利用堆积发酵工艺,加入磷酸溶解性材料和重金     

基于餐厨垃圾的多基质协同厌氧发酵产气研究进展

随着经济的快速发展,餐厨垃圾的产生量日益增大,如何有效处理餐厨垃圾已成为一个亟待解决的问题。与传统的餐厨垃圾处理方式相比,餐厨垃圾与其它生活垃圾的协同厌氧发酵技术是一种较为理想的处理技术,可以实现餐厨垃圾的稳定化、无害化、资源化处置。针对餐厨垃圾的协同厌氧发酵技术进行文献的归纳和分析,重点介绍了餐厨垃圾等基质的协同厌氧发酵产气的现状、影响因素及产气预测方法,并展望了餐厨垃圾协同厌氧发酵技术的研究方向与应用。     

法国生活垃圾生化制气制肥技术

本文介绍了法国先进的生活垃圾生化制气制肥技术，不仅投资费用、处理成本低，而且效果好。     

微量元素对厌氧发酵过程影响研究进展

近年来,厌氧发酵技术在固体废弃物资源化利用中得到了广泛的应用和发展。厌氧发酵过程的稳定性受到很多因素的影响,如水力停留时间、温度,pH,碳氮比等,微量元素也是其中之一。微量元素能有效地维持发酵系统的稳定,促进沼气产生。将针对各种微量元素在厌氧发酵过程中的作用,对厌氧发酵过程的影响以及对微量元素在厌氧发酵工程的应用进行展望等方面进行回顾。     

剩余活性污泥制复合肥

石油化工污水处理过程中产生的剩余活性污泥处理是环保工作中的一大难题 ,通过对污泥成分、肥效的分析及对活性污泥制肥的工艺简介 ,阐明了剩余活性污泥制复合肥技术的可行性和广阔前景     

大型畜禽粪污厌氧发酵+沼气发电工艺设计

阐述了畜禽粪污污染现状及畜禽粪污资源化的必要性,简介了国内外沼气厌氧发酵技术,分析了厌氧发酵技术的适用范围,提出一套适合我国农业基本国情的沼气厌氧发酵+沼气发电的工艺路线,可实现畜禽养殖废物的最大化资源化利用并消除其对环境的污染。     

日本污泥制肥行业标准及市场运营案例

介绍了日本污泥制肥行业概况,通过对相关标准体系和秋田市污泥堆肥中心运营状况的研究,对我国的污泥制肥行业发展提出了建议。     

综述不同微量金属元素对厌氧发酵的最优组合和添加量的研究

微量金属元素是厌氧发酵过程中必不可少的,不同微量金属元素的最优添加组合和添加量对厌氧发酵稳定性的影响亦不同。对补充微量金属元素对厌氧发酵性能的影响进行了归纳和分析,重点介绍了微量金属元素的单独添加与混合添加对厌氧发酵产气量、COD去除率,挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)的转化效率的影响以及模型预测等方面,并展望了不同微量金属元素的添加对厌氧发酵的影响与不足。     

厌氧发酵沼气工程的工艺及存在的问题

利用厌氧消化技术处理畜禽养殖废水,制取清洁能源——沼气,在治理污染的同时变废为宝,减少温室气体的排放,从而实现国民经济的可持续性发展。本文概述了集约化畜禽养殖场废污水处理中采用的厌氧发酵工艺,以及厌氧发酵沼气工程中存在的问题。     

SACT污泥全机械化堆肥工艺与自动控制系统

阐述了SACT-BII污泥堆肥工艺以及自动控制系统组成,介绍了混料控制系统、发酵仓控制系统、物料输送控制系统等三个子系统,分析了工艺目的和过程控制。结论为:机械化堆肥实现的关键在于自动控制系统的设计,成败取决于自动控制系统的可靠性。运行良好的自动控制系统可以为污泥机械化堆肥项目大型化提供技术支撑。     

粪渣污泥上清液和填埋场渗滤液混合处理工程分析

针对深圳市的情况,提出将粪渣污泥脱水上清液和玉龙坑垃圾填埋场渗滤液进行混合处理的工程方案。经过比较,推荐上清液和渗滤液混合废水的处理采用ＵＡＳＢ和好氧生物处理工艺,脱水粪渣和剩余污泥的处理则采用高温好氧堆肥的方案,使排放出水达到排放标准的要求下,做到了污泥的资源化利用,工程和运行管理方面也是可行的。     

城市生活垃圾处理若干问题的探讨

本文根据四川实际,对垃圾处理工程规划布局、工艺选择、堆肥工艺中的问题、垃圾处理厂运行体制和垃圾处理的政策措施进行了探讨,提出了对策。     

欧盟MSW管理与有机废物厌氧产沼技术

本文介绍了EU（European Union）各国MSW（Municipal Solid Waste）综合管理和生物能源的现状和发展,着重介绍了有机垃圾厌氧产沼工艺、技术及其应用,提出了我国生物能源技术发展及可腐有机废物管理与处置建议。     

城市污水污泥堆肥化技术的研究进展

本文介绍了堆肥化技术发展的历史，以及国内外污泥堆肥化技术的研究进展，并介绍了国内的生产实例，可供大家初步了解污泥堆肥化技术。     

Anaerobic treatment with methane recovery of agricultural and village wastes

To provide more efficient utilization of village wastes and agricultural residues and eliminate pollution from current practices anaerobic treatment of such wastes with methane recovery is proposed. This paper describes studies to determine the performance of anaerobic composting for such wastes.Composting of three waste types was investigated: (a) agricultural residues, (b) Village solid waste and 1:1 mixture of (a) and (b). Three 150 gallon reactors with periodic leachate recycling were used for anaerobic composting while three 50 gallon reactors produced an aerobic compost from the same wastes. Reactors were maintained for six months simulating the time between growing seasons. Volatile solids destruction ranged from 10.3 to 38.7%. Biogas production was ranged from 1350 to 1420 1 per k of volatile solids destroyed with a methane content of 55 to 70%. Leachate was monitored throughout for: pH, alkalinity, total and ammonia nitrogen, COD, TOC, total solids, volatile solids and four metals. MPN data was collected for various bacterial groups (total plate count, anaerobic cellulose decomposers, and anaerobic acid producers) to monitor increases and declines in the leachate bacterial population. Physical and chemical testing provided comparisons between finished anaerobic compost and aerobic compost from the same three waste samples.     

Optimizing the treatment and disposal of municipal solid wastes using mathematical programming—A case study in a Greek region

Goal of the work is to present a simplified methodology to optimize an integrated solid waste management system. The methodology performs two optimizations, namely: (i) minimization of the total cost of the MSW system and (ii) minimization of the equivalent carbon dioxide emissions (CO_2e) generated by the whole system. The methodology is modeled via non-linear mathematical equations, uses 32 decision variables and does not require complex LCA databases. The proposed model optimally allocates eight MSW components (paper, cardboard, plastics, metals, glass, food wastes, yard wastes and other wastes) to four MSW management technologies (incineration, composting, anaerobic digestion, and landfilling) after source separation of recyclables has taken place. The Region of East-Macedonia and Thrace in Greece was selected as a case study. Results showed that there is a trade off between cost and CO_2e emissions. Incineration and composting were favored as the principal treatment technologies, while landfilling was always the least desirable management technology under both objective functions. The recycling participation rate significantly affected all optimum scenarios.     

Greenhouse gas balance for composting operations

The greenhouse gas (GHG) impact of composting a range of potential feedstocks was evaluated through a review of the existing literature with a focus on methane (CH(4)) avoidance by composting and GHG emissions during composting. The primary carbon credits associated with composting are through CH(4) avoidance when feedstocks are composted instead of landfilled (municipal solid waste and biosolids) or lagooned (animal manures). Methane generation potential is given based on total volatile solids, expected volatile solids destruction, and CH(4) generation from lab and field incubations. For example, a facility that composts an equal mixture of manure, newsprint, and food waste could conserve the equivalent of 3.1 Mg CO(2) per 1 dry Mg of feedstocks composted if feedstocks were diverted from anaerobic storage lagoons and landfills with no gas collection mechanisms. The composting process is a source of GHG emissions from the use of electricity and fossil fuels and through GHG emissions during composting. Greenhouse gas emissions during composting are highest for high-nitrogen materials with high moisture contents. These debits are minimal in comparison to avoidance credits and can be further minimized through the use of higher carbon:nitrogen feedstock mixtures and lower-moisture-content mixtures. Compost end use has the potential to generate carbon credits through avoidance and sequestration of carbon; however, these are highly project specific and need to be quantified on an individual project basis.     

通风条件对城市污水厂污泥好氧堆肥过程的影响

本文选择堆肥熟料作为添加剂与城市污水厂污泥混合进行好氧堆肥。通过对温度、耗氧速率、有机物、含水率、pH值和氨氮等指标的分析,重点研究了不同通风条件对堆肥过程的影响。实验结果表明,污泥与熟料混合后,有机物含量较低,堆肥速率较快,对通风条件的改变比较敏感。当通风量低于0.025m3/(m3.min)时,堆肥前期系统供氧不足,堆肥速率较慢,耗时长,同时堆体内变为厌氧环境,pH值变低,臭气产生量高;当通风量高于0.05m3/(m3.min)以及采用变风量通风时,在保证供氧量充足的同时,具有较长的高温期,具有臭气产生量小、堆肥速率快的优点,但采用变风量通风更加节能。     

污泥堆肥项目中除臭技术的选择与设计

介绍了我国污泥堆肥(生物干化)项目臭气治理现状,指出除臭问题是制约污泥堆肥技术推广应用的关键。对比各种除臭技术,分析了污泥堆肥臭气成分和除臭机理,得出结论:化学生物组合除臭工艺与植物液除臭工艺相结合是适合污泥堆肥项目的选择。最后介绍了除臭系统设计选型的主要参数,指出在污泥处理工艺设计中考虑除臭系统可节省投资和运行成本。