零价铁在废水处理中应用的研究进展

简述了零价铁（ZVI）处理废水的机理。综述了ZVI、纳米零价铁 （nZVI）对焦化废水、军火厂废水、制药废水、橄榄油厂废水、染料废水、含盐类废水及含重金属废水处理的研究进展以及ZVI复合材料处理废水的研究进展。指出将ZVI与超声波、微波及Fenton法等技术联合,形成具有各自优点的新处理技术,将是今后的研究重点。     

石油化工废水处理技术新进展

针对石油化工废水处理领域目前尚存在的问题,介绍了有关石油化工废水处理的各种方法,阐述了物理化学处理技术、生物处理技术、生物法与物理化学法组合技术等方面的研究进展,指出难生物降解废水的处理是继续研发的重点.     

含油废水性质及其处理技术

论述了含油废水的性质、危害;介绍了常用的含油废水处理方法及其研究现状,为含油废水的对症处理提供技术参考.     

炼油废水处理的现状、问题及对策

针对原油性质日趋恶劣、排放标准日益严格的形势,介绍了炼油废水的处理现状,分析了炼油废水在达标排放、处理回用、运行成本等方面面临的主要问题,提出了从源头挖掘节水减排潜力、实施装置排水分级控制与高浓度废水预处理、对废水处理场进行适度改造和补充完善、开发含盐废水处理技术等对策。     

微波加热技术在难降解有机废水处理中的应用

论述了含酚废水、染料废水、制药废水及工业氨氮废水的特点并对微波加热技术在该类废水中的应用现状进行了深入的分析,总结了微波加热技术在含酚废水、染料废水、制药废水及工业氨氮废水处理中的应用优势,展望了微波加热技术在废水处理中的应用前景.     

含芳香族硝基化合物废水处理技术的现状及发展前景

综述了芳香族硝基化合物废水物理、化学和生化处理技术的现状,介绍了两种最新的废水处理技术——纳米技术和等离子体技术,并展望了此类废水处理技术的应用前景。     

煤化工废水零排放的制约性问题

对煤化工废水零排放可能实现的技术途径进行了分析,指出目前煤化工废水零排放存在技术经济、环境影响、规划管理等方面的制约性问题,并提出建议措施,为今后强化煤化工废水零排放环境管理提供借鉴。     

臭氧催化氧化工艺在废水处理领域的应用

论述了制药废水、印染废水和石油化工废水水质的特点,结合臭氧氧化技术的优点以及臭氧催化氧化技术原理,综述了臭氧催化氧化技术分别在制药废水、印染废水和石油废水处理中的应用及其处理效果。     

我国石煤提钒废水的处理现状与展望

石煤提钒废水中含有大量的重金属、氨氮和盐类。介绍了石煤提钒中重金属废水、氨氮废水、高盐废水的处理技术,总结了各种废水处理技术在石煤提钒废水治理中的应用现状,并对石煤提钒废水的治理进行了展望。化学法应用广泛,但易造成二次污染;物理法具有广阔的应用前景,但处理效率低;生物法具有效率高、选择性强、废水处理成本低等优点,是一种极具发展潜力的废水治理方法,应加大在石煤提钒废水治理方面的研究。     

环氧丙烷高盐皂化废水处理技术述评

基于氯醇法生产环氧丙烷所产皂化废水的高盐、高污染特性，从传统的预处理结合生化处理、多工艺组合处理、循环回用与资源化等方面总结了环氧丙烷高盐皂化废水处理技术的现状和发展趋势。指出，推动环氧丙烷生产工艺的清洁化发展，改进皂化废水的处理工艺并加强进水水质的管控，以及研发和应用废水回用和废盐资源化技术，是实现环氧丙烷高盐皂化废水处理行业可持续发展的关键。     

膨润土吸附水中有机污染物的应用进展

论述了膨润土的吸附机理,介绍了膨润土的物理及化学改性方法及其对有机染料废水,焦化废水,烟草废水,煤泥水,含酚类、石油烃类、抗生素废水及微污染水等的处理效果。针对膨润土作为环保吸附剂存在的问题指出了今后的研究方向:1)将研究成果应用于实际废水;2)研究环境友好且效果好的改性工艺及材料;3)研究新的吸附剂制备形式;4)加大膨润土在废气处理上的研究力度;5)研制吸附效果更佳且能处理复杂成分污水的新型复合吸附剂。     

我国农药工业三废治理方法

详细介绍了我国农药生产中排放的废水、废气、废渣的常用治理技术,通过改进生产工艺和回收利用减少三废的实例,以及主要品系农药生产废水治理方法选择的思路。     

高梯度磁分离技术在环境保护中的应用

概述了近２０多年国内外高梯度磁分离技术在废水、废气、废渣处理及给水处理、燃煤脱硫等方面的研究进展,并展望了该技术在环保领域的应用前景。     

两种煤化工废水的产甲烷抑制性

通过间歇式产甲烷抑制实验,评价了两种煤化工废水#x02014;#x02014;焦化废水和鲁奇煤气化废水的产甲烷抑制性,并初步探讨了废水对产甲烷菌的抑制机理。实验结果表明：两种废水的产甲烷抑制性随废水加入量的增加逐渐增大;当废水加入量为400mL时,焦化废水的产甲烷抑制率达100%,鲁奇煤气化废水的产甲烷抑制率为50%;焦化废水对产甲烷菌的抑制性明显大于鲁奇煤气化废水。     

稀土在废水处理中的应用进展

综述了国内稀土金属在废水处理中的最新应用进展,总结了稀土复合吸附剂的制备方法及其在含磷、氨氮、砷、氟、铬、镉等废水处理中的效果,讨论了稀土复合混凝剂和稀土催化剂在染料、助剂、化工等高浓度有机废水处理中的应用,为找到高效环保的处理工业废水的方法提供了依据.     

Assessment and analysis of industrial liquid waste and sludge disposal at unlined landfill sites in arid climate

Municipal solid waste disposal sites in arid countries such as Kuwait receive various types of waste materials like sewage sludge, chemical waste and other debris. Large amounts of leachate are expected to be generated due to the improper disposal of industrial wastewater, sewage sludge and chemical wastes with municipal solid waste at landfill sites even though the rainwater is scarce. Almost 95% of all solid waste generated in Kuwait during the last 10 years was dumped in five unlined landfills. The sites accepting liquid waste consist of old sand quarries that do not follow any specific engineering guidelines. With the current practice, contamination of the ground water table is possible due to the close location of the water table beneath the bottom of the waste disposal sites. This study determined the percentage of industrial liquid waste and sludge of the total waste dumped at the landfill sites, analyzed the chemical characteristics of liquid waste stream and contaminated water at disposal sites, and finally evaluated the possible risk posed by the continuous dumping of such wastes at the unlined landfills. Statistical analysis has been performed on the disposal and characterization of industrial wastewater and sludge at five active landfill sites. The chemical analysis shows that all the industrial wastes and sludge have high concentrations of COD, suspended solids, and heavy metals. Results show that from 1993 to 2000, 5.14+/-1.13 million t of total wastes were disposed per year in all active landfill sites in Kuwait. The share of industrial liquid and sludge waste was 1.85+/-0.19 million t representing 37.22+/-6.85% of total waste disposed in all landfill sites. Such wastes contribute to landfill leachate which pollutes groundwater and may enter the food chain causing adverse health effects. Lined evaporation ponds are suggested as an economical and safe solution for industrial wastewater and sludge disposal in the arid climate of Kuwait.     

氧化沟工艺在处理有机废水中的应用

以河南省某制革企业综合有机废水处理工程为实例,根据排放废水的水质水量及处理要求进行工程分析,对含铬废水的处理提出工艺流程;对综合有机废水处理工艺各构筑物的功能和设计进行了详细阐述.     

Removal of ammonium and phosphates from aqueous solutions by biochar produced from agricultural waste

The concern about protecting water quantity and quality is one of the most severe challenges of the twenty-first century since the demand for water resources grows as the population and its needs grow. Additionally, and as expected, most human activities produce wastewater containing undesirable contaminants. On the other hand, the generation of agricultural waste and its inappropriate disposal causes further problems. Current wastewater treatment methods involve a combination of physical and chemical processes, technologies, and operations to remove pollutants from effluents; adsorption is an excellent example of an effective method for wastewater treatment, and biochar is currently one of the most valuable adsorbents. This review focuses on new research about applying biochar produced from agricultural waste as a low-cost and environmentally friendly method for removing ammonium and phosphates from aqueous solutions.

     

The current situation of solid waste management in China

With economic development, the quantity of solid waste is increasing rapidly in China; the total quantities of municipal solid waste (MSW), industrial solid waste (ISW), and hazardous waste (HW) in 2002 were 136.5 million tons, 945 million tons, and 10 million tons, respectively. In 2002, the quantity of MSW disposed of was 74.04 million tons, 89.30% of which was landfilled, 3.72% was incinerated, and 6.98% was composted. There are currently 651 disposal facilities for MSW in China. Mining gangue is the largest component of ISW, making up 27.5% of the total. In the Chinese industrial sector, the coal mining and processing industry contributed most to the total quantity of ISW, with 16.0% of the total quantity of ISW generated by this sector. In total, 44% of HW was recycled, 27% was stored, 13.5% was disposed of, and 15.4% was discharged. Of the total HW generated, 40% was produced by the chemical materials and chemical products industry. Five categories of HW, i.e., waste alkali, waste acid, inorganic fluoride waste, copper waste, and inorganic cyanide waste, made up 57.8% of the total HW generated. Solid waste pollution has become a huge challenge faced by those involved in Chinese environmental management, but this can be seen as an opportunity to improve environmental quality. This article introduces the strategies taken to improve solid waste management in China.