专利名称:一种从湿法炼锌铜镉渣中回收有价金属的方法

正专利申请号:CN201710613380.X公开号:CN107557589A申请日:2017.07.25公开日:2018.01.09申请人:昆明理工大学本发明涉及一种从湿法炼锌铜镉渣中回收有价金属的方法,属于有色冶金中的湿法炼锌技术领域。首先将铜镉渣进行一次浸出得到富镉液和一次浸出渣;将得到的一次浸出     

烟气脱碳技术进展

介绍了吸收法、吸附法、低温法、膜分离法回收烟道气中CO2的研究和应用现状,并对这些方法进行了比较,指出了适用范围。     

从酸洗废液中回收金属

ＭａｒｓＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｉｅｓ公司开发出一种方法,可从废盐酸中有选择地回收混合金属。在离子交换柱中,金属氯化物被标准离子交换树脂吸附,然后再用一种专利方法解吸。所用的解吸液为普通水,但关键是控制水的流量,因为氯化物的络合物及其相对稳定性取决于水的化学性质。　　在工业试验中,从酸洗废液中回收过锌、氯化亚铁、锡、铅、铜、铁、锑、镍和铬。建１座处理酸洗废液１０００ｔ／月的装置约需投资２５０万美元。从酸洗废液中回收金属     

用废干电池制备锰锌铁氧体的方法

该发明提供了一种用废干电池制备锰锌铁氧体的方法：用挤压法使干电池破碎，装入蒸汞炉中热蒸，去除有害杂质汞及有机物后用硫酸浸出，99％以上的汞可以从废料中挥发并被蒸汞炉中的吸收液吸收；浸出液用水解法、置换法及流化法除杂，浸除后的废渣进行安全填埋，除杂后的清液用碳酸盐中和，中和后得到的沉淀经干燥焙烧，即可制得锰锌铁氧体粉体。该法简便易行、费用省、效益高，可有效回收废干电池中各种有价元素，     

废旧锂离子电池回收利用的研究现状

目前废旧锂离子电池的回收利用,重点是电极材料中有价金属的回收,主要是应用酸浸和溶剂萃取相联合的湿法冶金技术,其次将电化学技术用于浸出液中金属的沉积和对失效电极材料的直接修复也有相关的研究报导.根据锂离子电池的发展和未来的环境要求,今后的回收利用将朝综合处理和多元化处理技术的方向发展.     

从电镀废渣中回收有价金属

该发明涉及一种从电镀废渣中回收有价金属的方法：（1）用稀酸将电镀废渣中的有价金属浸出，经过滤分离出酸浸渣和酸浸液；（2）在85～100℃用硫化物沉淀出酸浸液中的铜，经过滤分离出硫化铜和沉淀母液；（3）将质量分数5％～20％的碱溶液加入沉淀母液中，并控制溶液的pH为5．0～6．0，使溶液中的铬、铝沉淀，过滤分离出铬、铝渣及含铁、锌、     

工业含钒废水处理工艺的研究进展

针对大量企业采用传统提钒法制备钒产品产生的工业含钒废水的处理问题,综述了工业含钒废水处理工艺的研究进展,分别详述了沉淀法、溶剂萃取法、离子交换法、电解法、吸附法和生物法的处理工艺,并对比分析了它们的优势与不足。指出:工业含钒废水的处理既是环保的要求,又可实现有价资源的回收利用;在实际应用时,可依据工业含钒废水的p H选择相应的处理工艺及处理试剂。     

高炉瓦斯泥综合利用技术述评

瓦斯泥是高炉副产物,因其中富含锌,直接用于烧结会增加高炉锌负荷。在分析了瓦斯泥的矿物特征的基础上,综述了选矿法、化学浸出法、直接还原法等几种瓦斯泥有价成分的回收利用方法。选矿法根据碳、锌、铁的性质及赋存状态的差异分离各物质,具有工艺简单、成本低的优点,但分离不彻底、回收率低;化学浸出法使锌进入溶液而其他矿物不溶或微溶,分离效果较好,但处理量小,后续处理难度大;直接还原法是在高温下使瓦斯泥中的金属还原,锌蒸发后进入烟气,最终可得到含氧化锌较高的烟尘和含金属铁的脱锌瓦斯泥,该法适应性强、处理量大、分离效果好,是目前应用较为广泛的瓦斯泥处理方法,但其设备投资大。     

CO2捕集与资源化利用技术研究进展

综述了近年来吸收法、吸附法和膜分离法等CO2捕集方法的研究进展,介绍了CO2制甲醇、制乙烯、制芳烃、与甲烷重整制合成气、制备可降解高分子材料以及用于手机电池金属回收等资源化利用技术的研究进展,为石油化工企业进行相关研究和技术开发提供新思路.     

定量吸附分离Cr(Ⅲ)与Cr(Ⅵ)的研究

铬是一种多价态元素,不同价态的铬在环境中的作用机理和效果不同,因此对铬的价态分析越来越引起人们的重视,而Cr(Ⅲ)与Cr(Ⅵ)的定量分离是分析中一项很重要的基础工作。 Cr(Ⅲ)与Cr(Ⅵ)的分离通常采用离子交换和沉淀吸附分离法,但对于含有大量还原性物质,水质较复杂的水样,用离子交换法分离是困难的;沉淀吸附分离法可在碱性     

硅胶复合材料吸附重金属汞的研究进展

针对高毒性、易累积的重金属汞污染物,介绍了对硅胶基底材料进行化学改性的方法,从液相和气相两方面详述了硅胶复合材料(包括有机官能团改性硅胶材料和无机磁性硅胶复合材料)在汞吸附分离领域的研究和应用进展,分析了现有研究的不足之处,并对该领域未来的研究方向提出了建议。指出,研制出高效、高选择性、高稳定性、易回收的汞吸附剂是治理工业废水和燃煤烟气中汞污染的关键。     

城市污泥制备水中重金属吸附剂及其吸附特性研究

本实验利用城市污水厂的脱水污泥,通过化学活化法制备活性炭.研究活化温度、活化时间、固液比和活化剂浓度等因素对制备污泥活性炭的影响,确定氯化锌法制备污泥活性炭的最佳工艺为活化温度550 ℃、活化时间30 min、固液比1∶2、氯化剂浓度45％.将制备的污泥活性炭吸附Cu2＋,Cr6＋,Cd2＋3种重金属离子模拟废水,研究pH值、吸附时间、污泥投加量、温度等因素对吸附过程的影响.实验结果表明,剩余污泥对Cu2＋,Cr6＋,Cd2＋3种重金属离子都具有良好的吸附效果,在优化条件下,3种重金属离子去除率分别达到94％,76％,81％,吸附能力大小顺序为Cu2＋＞Cd2＋＞＋Cr6＋.     

新型高级氧化技术处理硫化染料废水的研究进展

综述了各种用于硫化染料废水的新型高级氧化技术,包括电化学氧化法、E-peroxone氧化法、类Fenton试剂氧化法、光催化氧化法、光催化与膜分离耦合法和光催化燃料电池法。分析了各种高级氧化技术的主要影响因素,并指出各种方法的优势与不足,对高级氧化技术的发展方向提出了展望,为今后硫化染料废水的综合治理提供了技术指导。     

污泥灰中磷的湿化学法回收技术研究进展

从污泥灰中磷的提取、磷与重金属的分离和磷产品的制备3方面综述了国内外湿化学法回收污泥灰中磷的研究进展,重点分析了磷提取过程中的各种影响因素,并对今后污泥灰中磷的湿化学法回收技术的研究方向进行了展望。指出:利用萃取的方法将提取液中的无机强酸萃取出来并回收重复利用,可大幅降低酸的消耗量;在回收磷的同时可研究回收不同种类金属的方法,尤其是价值较大的重金属,以进一步提高污泥灰资源的回收价值。     

Recovery of high purity zinc from filter ash produced during the thermal treatment of waste and inerting of residual materials.

The method described below recovers zinc, a valuable metal that is present in high concentrations in filter ash from the thermal treatment of waste, and returns the filter ash stripped of heavy metals to the combustion process in order to destroy organic substances. On an industrial scale, the heavy metals in the filter ash were mobilized by means of hydrochloric acid in the acidic fluids produced in the flue-gas scrubbing process without the addition of further chemicals. A pilot plant for implementing the selective reactive extraction (SRE) method on the ash extracts, using a highly selective complexant, was operated over a period of several months in order to obtain a concentrated, high-purity zinc salt solution (mono metal solution). A zinc depletion rate of 99.8% in the aqueous extract was achieved using mixer-settler units. The residual zinc concentration in the waste water was then < 2 mg L(-1). By stripping the loaded organic phase, a concentrated, high-purity mono metal solution with 190 g L(-1) zinc was obtained. Zinc metal with a purity > 99.99% is then separated by means of electrolysis. To destroy organic substances present in the filter ash, particularly dioxins and furans, the extracted filter ash cake was returned to the combustion process together with household waste. Plant operation, raw and pure gas parameters, and quality of the bottom ash produced were not impacted by such recirculation. The profitability of the overall process is attributable both to the recovery of valuable zinc metal and to the cost savings made in waste water treatment and in the disposal of the waste combustion residues because the remaining mixture of filter ash and bottom ash can be reused in a combined form. This method therefore supports the sustainable and economically viable reuse of filter ash.     

粉煤灰中氨氮的测定方法研究

从浸提、干扰去除和显色3个方面对纳氏试剂分光光度法进行优化改进,建立了一种用于粉煤灰中氨氮测定的适宜方法,并利用浸提完全度和精密度实验对该方法了进行了评价。优化后的方法为:按固液比1∶10加入0.05 mol/L H_2SO_4振荡浸提30 min,再加入1.5 mL酒石酸钾钠溶液(500 g/L)和1.5 mL NaOH溶液(5 mol/L)去除金属离子干扰,最后加入1.5 mL纳氏试剂进行显色。粉煤灰浸提后残渣的蒸馏液中未检测出氨氮,说明浸提效果较为完全。同一样品的8次平行测定结果的相对标准偏差为6.10%,说明该方法稳定可靠。     

Liberation characteristic and physical separation of printed circuit board (PCB)

Recycling of printed circuit board (PCB) is an important subject and to which increasing attention is paid, both in treatment of waste as well as recovery of valuable material terms. Precede physical and mechanical method, a good liberation is the premise to further separation. In this study, two-step crushing process is employed, and standard sieve is applied to screen crushed material to different size fractions, moreover, the liberation situation and particles shape in different size are observed. Then metal of the PCB is separated by physical methods, including pneumatic separation, electrostatic separation and magnetic separation, and major metal contents are characterized by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Results show that the metal and nonmetal particles of PCB are dissociated completely under the crush size 0.6mm; metal is mainly enriched in the four size fractions between 0.15 and 1.25 mm; relatively, pneumatic separation is suitable for 0.6-0.9 mm size fraction, while the electrostatic separation is suitable for three size fractions that are 0.15-0.3mm, 0.3-0.6mm and 0.9-1.25 mm. The whole process that involves crushing, electrostatic and magnetic separation has formed a closed cycle that can return material and provide salable product.     

Recovery of valuable materials from waste liquid crystal display panel

Associated with the rapid development of the information and electronic industry, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have been increasingly sold as displays. However, during the discarding at their end-of-life stage, significant environmental hazards, impacts on health and a loss of resources may occur, if the scraps are not managed in an appropriate way. In order to improve the efficiency of the recovery of valuable materials from waste LCDs panel in an environmentally sound manner, this study presents a combined recycling technology process on the basis of manual dismantling and chemical treatment of LCDs. Three key processes of this technology have been studied, including the separation of LCD polarizing film by thermal shock method the removal of liquid crystals between the glass substrates by the ultrasonic cleaning, and the recovery of indium metal from glass by dissolution. The results show that valuable materials (e.g. indium) and harmful substances (e.g. liquid crystals) could be efficiently recovered or separated through above-mentioned combined technology. The optimal conditions are: (1) the peak temperature of thermal shock to separate polarizing film, ranges from 230 to 240 °C, where pyrolysis could be avoided; (2) the ultrasonic-assisted cleaning was most efficient at a frequency of 40 KHz (P = 40 W) and the exposure of the substrate to industrial detergents for 10 min; and (3) indium separation from glass in a mix of concentrated hydrochloric acid at 38% and nitric acid at 69% (HCl:HNO₃:H₂O = 45:5:50, volume ratio). The indium separation process was conducted with an exposure time of 30 min at a constant temperature of 60 °C.     

环境中VOCs的污染现状及处理技术研究进展

综述了近十年来大气环境中挥发性有机物(VOcs)的污染现状及其主要处理技术的研究进展.介绍了目前大气环境中VOCs的主要处理技术(包括吸附、冷凝及膜分离等回收技术和燃烧、等离子体、光催化降解和生物降解等销毁技术)的适用条件、经济性、可操作性和净化效率.提出要对VOCs的吸收和生物降解的反应动力学模型、催化机制、材料的性能及微生物活性进行深入研究的建议.