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银负载对活性炭纤维汞吸附性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
银氨溶液浸渍活性炭纤维制得载银量14.07%的载银活性炭纤维.以筒状吸附体吸附气态Hg0的方式研究活性炭纤维银载前后的汞吸附性能,结果表明,载银后活性炭纤维汞吸附性能明显提高.实验还发现:随吸附温度升高,活性炭纤维的汞吸附效率随先增加后降低,而载银活性炭纤维的汞吸附效率随吸附温度升高而一直降低;延长停留时间和添加H2O(g)对两者汞吸附均有利.采用片状吸附体对2种吸附剂的汞饱和吸附量进行了测定,实验得出:70℃下活性炭纤维汞饱和吸附量为29.4 mg/g,载银活性炭纤维汞饱和吸附量为192.3 mg/g,即活性炭纤维载银后汞饱和吸附量提高到原来的6.54倍.扫描电镜分析发现:活性炭纤维上物理吸附汞占绝大多数,化学吸附汞很少;负载银后汞只吸附在活性炭纤维的含银活性点上,银粒子与汞结合生成银汞齐后形状趋于规则,且主要分布于活性炭纤维微晶的晶棱交界处. 相似文献
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过硫酸钾脱除气态元素汞的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在鼓泡塔反应器中,用过硫酸钾(K2S2O8)脱除气态元素汞.试验考察了K2S2O8浓度、吸收温度及催化剂等因素对脱汞效率的影响.结果表明:当K2S2O8在1.0~10.0 mmol/L时,随着浓度的增加,脱汞效率显著升高;AgNO3对K2S2O8脱汞具有显著的催化作用,且0.3 mmol/L AgNO3的催化效果优于0.1 mmol/L AgNO3;CuSO4对K2S2O8除汞也具有催化作用,但催化效果不如AgNO3;AgNO3存在下,低温更有利于汞的脱除. 相似文献
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贵州地区大气汞污染及湿法脱硫装置除汞效果的初步评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2004年冬季在贵州地区对大气中气态元素汞进行了大范围的流动监测调查,重点监测电厂分布地区及东部汞采冶加工地区,结果表明,气态元素汞浓度的高值出现在汞化工区和金矿区;在广大农村地区和小县城附近,大气汞浓度大都在100 ng/m3范围内.同期还进行了大气颗粒物汞的采样和分析,结果表明,监测到的大气颗粒物的汞浓度水平<3 ng/m3,与国内其他一些城市相当;细颗粒物中汞的富集度高,粒径<2.2 μm的颗粒物汞占60%~80%.此外,实测了采用石灰-石膏法脱硫电厂的燃煤汞平衡,评价了汞去除效果,结果表明,燃煤中的汞大约20%留在灰渣中,石灰-石膏脱去约20%,约59%的汞通过烟气排放到空气中. 相似文献
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300 MW燃煤机组烟气控制装置对气态汞去除效果 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用美国EPA OH法对烟气中不同形态汞的气态汞进行测试,研究300 MW锅炉的袋式除尘、静电除尘和湿法烟气脱硫对气态汞的去除效果.研究结果表明,静电除尘器对气态汞的去除效率仅为32.50%,对颗粒态汞的去除效率达76.88%,而使用袋式除尘器对气态汞的去除效率可达44.33%,可脱除99.92%以上的颗粒态汞;应用湿法烟气脱硫对二价汞的去除率可达49.03%.通过对粉煤灰、炉渣和脱硫石膏等燃煤副产物汞含量分析发现,脱硫石膏中汞的含量最高达0.77 mg/kg,汞及其环境毒性是燃煤副产物安全利用时需要注意一个主要问题. 相似文献
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采用溴化钾、碘化钾和硫磺对竹活性炭掺杂改性,利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定滤液中汞离子浓度,用除汞效率和吸附容量评价活性炭对溶液中汞离子的吸附性能,探讨其吸附机理。结果表明,掺杂改性明显提高了竹活性炭的除汞性能。原竹活性炭的除汞效率为78.6%,吸附容量为2.210 mg/g;经碘化钾、溴化钾和硫磺掺杂改性后的竹活性炭除汞效率分别为94.3%、93.8%和88.8%,吸附容量分别为2.830、2.813和2.663 mg/g;经溴化钾(碘化钾)和硫磺联合改性的竹活性炭对水溶液中汞离子的吸附性能性能又有提高,其中以先载硫后载溴化钾的方法除汞效果最好,除汞效率达96.6%,吸附容量为2.898 mg/g。 相似文献
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单质硫改性介孔炭对水溶液中汞的吸附性能研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
对介孔炭CMK-3进行单质硫改性得到OMC-S,并通过静态吸附实验研究了该材料对水溶液中汞的吸附性能。研究结果表明:单质硫改性可以在介孔炭上负载12.33%的硫,从而使得介孔炭对汞的吸附容量从185 mg/g提高到476 mg/g;OMC-S具有较广的适用pH值范围,在pH 3~11.5范围内其对汞的吸附去除率均达到92%以上;氯离子对OMC-S的吸附性能具有一定的抑制作用,原因在于它能和汞离子络合形成一系列吸附性能较差的Hg-Cl络合物,而腐殖酸在所研究的范围内对OMC-S的吸附性能无明显影响。 相似文献
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研究了载硫温度、硫炭比(简称S/C),吸附温度等因素对载硫活性炭的硫含量、脱汞能力以及硫损失的影响,探讨载硫活性炭制备的工艺条件优化。结果表明,不同载硫温度下制备的载硫活性炭的气态Hg0吸附能力远强于原料活性炭;载硫温度不同时,负载到活性炭孔隙或表面上的硫的形态不同,导致了脱汞能力的差异,较合适的载硫温度为350℃;S/C为5%(质量分数,下同)时,随着吸附温度的升高,载硫活性炭的气态Hg0吸附量降低;在一定的载硫温度下,原料中S/C越高时,制备的载硫活性炭的硫含量越高、气态Hg0吸附能力越强,但其硫损失率也越高,从实际的使用效果来看,较合适的S/C为10%。 相似文献
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Daiane Placido Torres Maristela Braga Martins-Teixeira Solange Cadore Helena Müller Queiroz 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(7):514-522
A method for the determination of total mercury in fresh fish and shrimp samples by solid sampling thermal decomposition/amalgamation atomic absorption spectrometry (TDA AAS) has been validated following international foodstuff protocols in order to fulfill the Brazilian National Residue Control Plan. The experimental parameters have been previously studied and optimized according to specific legislation on validation and inorganic contaminants in foodstuff. Linearity, sensitivity, specificity, detection and quantification limits, precision (repeatability and within-laboratory reproducibility), robustness as well as accuracy of the method have been evaluated. Linearity of response was satisfactory for the two range concentrations available on the TDA AAS equipment, between approximately 25.0 and 200.0 μg kg?1 (square regression) and 250.0 and 2000.0 μg kg?1 (linear regression) of mercury. The residues for both ranges were homoscedastic and independent, with normal distribution. Correlation coefficients obtained for these ranges were higher than 0.995. Limits of quantification (LOQ) and of detection of the method (LDM), based on signal standard deviation (SD) for a low-in-mercury sample, were 3.0 and 1.0 μg kg?1, respectively. Repeatability of the method was better than 4%. Within-laboratory reproducibility achieved a relative SD better than 6%. Robustness of the current method was evaluated and pointed sample mass as a significant factor. Accuracy (assessed as the analyte recovery) was calculated on basis of the repeatability, and ranged from 89% to 99%. The obtained results showed the suitability of the present method for direct mercury measurement in fresh fish and shrimp samples and the importance of monitoring the analysis conditions for food control purposes. Additionally, the competence of this method was recognized by accreditation under the standard ISO/IEC 17025. 相似文献
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宁波地区海产品中汞污染现状研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用冷原子吸收(荧光)法测定了宁波不同地区的各种海产品中总汞和甲基汞含量,总体属轻度及中等污染水平,工业轻发达地区的海产品内总汞和甲基汞的含量较高,不同种类海产品因食性不同,在食物链中所处位置不同,表现为贝壳类>肉食性类>杂食性类>植食性类>藻类和水草,无鳞鱼类>有鳞鱼类;海产品中不同部分污染水平表现为内脏>头部>肌肉;海水<底泥<海产品。除个别样品接近国家标准外,其余都符合我国食品卫生标准。 相似文献
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Guor-Cheng Fang Yu-Chen Kuo Yuan-Jie Zhuang Meng-Hsien Cho 《Environmental Forensics》2015,16(4):305-309
In this investigation, the concentrations of gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) and particulate bound mercury (PBM) in ambient air were measured at the Hung Kuang (traffic) sampling site during September 27 to October 6, 2014. An ambient air mercury collection system (AAMCS) was utilized to measure simultaneously PBM, GEM, and RGM concentrations in ambient air. The results thus obtained demonstrate that the mean concentrations of PBM, GEM, and RGM were 38.57 ± 11.4 (pg/m3), 17.67 ± 5.56 (ng/m3) and 10.78 ± 2.8 (pg/m3), respectively, at this traffic-sampling site. The mean GEM/PBM and GEM/RGM concentration ratios were 458 and 1639, respectively. The results obtained herein demonstrate that AAMCS can be utilized to collect three phases of mercury simultaneously. The mean PBM, GEM, and RGM concentrations herein were compared with others found in Asia, America, Europe and Antarctica. The mean PBM, GEM, and RGM concentrations were found to be lowest in Asia and Antarctica. The mean PBM concentration in Europe was approximately eight times that in this investigation. The mean GEM and RGM concentrations in this study were 1.21 and 170 times those found in the United States. 相似文献
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Blood mercury levels among fish consumers residing in areas with high environmental burden 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mercury is a ubiquitous, persistent toxicant found in the environment. In water, mercury bioaccumulates up the food chain and leads to high concentrations in fish. Consumption of contaminated fish is the major source of exposure to mercury in the US. The objective of this study was to enroll persons living in areas selected by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to have high mercury concentrations and who consume at least 6 oz of locally caught fish per week to determine the feasibility of monitoring future trends among a population identified as highly exposed. Blood samples were collected at time of interview and analyzed for mercury. Participants (n = 287) were enrolled from North Carolina, Maryland, and South Dakota. Participants reported eating an average of five servings of fish per week. The overall geometric mean for total mercury was 0.75 μg L−1, with North Carolina having the highest mean level (2.02 μg L−1). Overall, 42% of the study population had levels greater than the US geometric mean 0.83 μg L−1. The number of servings of fish consumed was not found to be associated with blood mercury levels. We were able to identify some persons with elevated mercury concentrations living in areas identified by EPA; however, identifying and monitoring a highly exposed population over time would be challenging. 相似文献
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Christianna Peterson Mae Gustin Seth Lyman 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(30):4646-4654
Atmospheric elemental, reactive and particulate mercury (Hg) concentrations were measured north of downtown Reno, Nevada, USA from November 2004 to November 2007. Three-year mean and median concentrations for gaseous elemental Hg (Hg0) were 1.6 and 1.5 ng m−3 (respectively), similar to global mean Hg0 concentrations. The three-year mean reactive gaseous Hg (RGM) concentration (26 pg m−3) was higher than values reported for rural sites across the western United States. Well defined seasonal and daily patterns in Hg0 and RGM concentrations were observed, with the highest Hg0 concentrations measured in winter and early morning, and RGM concentrations being greatest in the summer and mid-afternoon. Elevated Hg0 concentrations in winter were associated with periods of cold, stagnant air; while a regularly observed early morning increase in concentration was due to local source and surface emissions. The observed afternoon increase and high summer values of RGM can be explained by in situ oxidation of gaseous Hg0 or mixing of RGM derived from the free troposphere to the surface. Because both of these processes are correlated with the same environmental conditions it is difficult to assess their overall contribution to the observed trends. 相似文献