Effects of management cessation on grassland butterflies in southern Poland

The effects of natural succession and invasions of indigenous reed Phragmites australis and alien goldenrods Solidago sp. on butterfly communities of wet grassland were investigated in Kraków (southern Poland) after management cessation.The total number of species and individuals, mean number of species per survey and a species diversity (Shannon-Wiener index) were highest in fallow lands, old fallow lands and young forests, and the lowest in fallow lands invaded by reed and goldenrod and in mature forests. These results (1) reveal the importance of extensively mown meadows and fallow land for butterflies, (2) indicate that meadow restoration is still possible even several decades after abandonment and (3) show that invasion of reed and non-native goldenrods should be prevented.A few very rare species included in the Habitat Directive (Lycaena dispar, Lycaena helle, Maculinea teleius and Maculinea nausithous) were common on the wet grasslands in Krakow, thus the area should be protected. Moreover, it was shown that the presence and relative abundance of Maculinea butterflies were good indicators of general butterfly species richness and abundance in the investigated wet grasslands.     

Acidic,neutral and alkaline forest ponds as a landscape element affecting the biodiversity of freshwater snails

In recent years, the number of areas remaining under the influence of acidity has increased. At all levels of ecosystems, biodiversity decreases with acidification, due to the elimination of species that are most sensitive to low pH. Forest ponds belong to a specific group that varied in location, a huge amount of leaf litter, and isolation from other aquatic environments. They are crucial in the industrial landscape with well-developed industry and human activity. The aim was to investigate the relative importance of water chemistry in explaining snail assemblage compositions and species richness in forest ponds of contrasting pH. Patterns in gastropod communities were determined from an analysis in 26 forest ponds with multivariate gradient analysis. Ponds ranged in a base mean pH from 3.0 to 9.0. pH has been found to be an important factor influencing gastropod fauna. Neutral ponds support diverse communities, typical of small water bodies. In two acidic pond types, snail fauna was different. Among the species characteristic for acidic ponds (pH < 6) were Anisus spirorbis and Aplexa hypnorum. The greatest distinct characterised alkaline ponds with the numerous appearance of alien Physa acuta. The most diverse gastropod fauna was found in neutral ponds, whereas the lowest degree of diversity was found in ponds with the lowest pH. Current knowledge of pH-associated changes in aquatic ecosystems is still incomplete because anthropogenic acidification is a recent phenomenon. It is extremely important in forest habitats, since they react more intensively to climatic factors and are often used in landscape management and planning.     

Application of environmental DNA analysis to inform invasive fish eradication operations

Environmental DNA (eDNA) detection of non-native species has considerable potential to inform management decisions, including identifying the need for population control and/or eradication. An invasive species of European concern is the Asian cyprinid fish, topmouth gudgeon (Pseudorasbora parva). Here, eDNA analyses were applied at a commercial angling venue in southern England to inform operations aiming to eradicate P. parva, which had only ever been observed in one of the venue’s seven unconnected angling ponds. Eradication of P. parva was initially attempted by repeated depletion of the population using fish traps (crayfish traps fitted with 5 mm mesh netting) and the introduction of native predators over a 4-year period. The very low number of P. parva captured following these eradication efforts suggested a possible population crash. Conventional PCR analysis of water samples using species-specific primers was applied to all seven ponds to confirm that P. parva was present in only one pond, that the eradication attempt had indeed failed and that the species’ distribution in the pond appeared to be restricted to three bankside locations. The continued presence of P. parva at these locations was confirmed by subsequent trapping. Water samples from an adjacent, unconnected stream were also analysed using the eDNA methodology, but no DNA of P. parva was detected. The results suggest that further management action to eradicate P. parva be focused on the pond shown to contain the isolated P. parva population and thereby eliminate the risk of further dispersal. This study is the first to apply eDNA analysis to assess the efficacy of an eradication attempt and to provide evidence that the species was unlikely to be present in the other ponds, thus reducing the resources needed to control the species.     

复合养殖系统中浮游动物种类丰度及其影响因素

利用人工湿地和养殖塘构建了复合养殖系统,通过设置不同塘间水质差异,调查了斑点叉尾鮰鱼鱼种培育段和成鱼养殖段不同梯度下的浮游动物种类丰度,并探讨了种类丰度与环境因子的关系.结果表明,2养殖阶段的循环塘中,轮虫的种类丰度随养殖密度的增加而升高,浮游甲壳动物随养殖密度的增加而降低.成鱼养殖阶段对照塘中轮虫的种类丰度高于循环塘P1、P2;枝角类和桡足类的丰度则低于P1、P2;高养殖密度塘P3中,3种形态浮游动物种类丰度均低于对照塘.15种环境因子的主成分分析以及种类丰度与环境因子的冗余度分析结果表明,影响浮游动物种类丰度的主要环境因素为水体的营养状态,水体的物理特征对种类丰度的影响较小.     

Effect of drainage on CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes from aquaculture ponds during winter in a subtropical estuary of China

Aquaculture ponds are dominant features of the landscape in the coastal zone of China.Generally,aquaculture ponds are drained during the non-culture period in winter.However,the effects of such drainage on the production and flux of greenhouse gases(GHGs)from aquaculture ponds are largely unknown.In the present study,field-based research was performed to compare the GHG fluxes between one drained pond(DP,with a water depth of 0.05 m)and one undrained pond(UDP,with a water depth of 1.16 m)during one winter in the Min River estuary of southeast China.Over the entire study period,the mean CO_2flux in the DP was(0.75±0.12)mmol/(m~2·hr),which was significantly higher than that in the UDP of(-0.49±0.09)mmol/(m~2·hr)(p0.01).This indicates that drainage drastically transforms aquaculture ponds from a net sink to a net source of CO_2in winter.Mean CH_4and N_2O emissions were significantly higher in the DP compared to those in the UDP(CH_4=(0.66±0.31)vs.(0.07±0.06)mmol/(m~2·hr)and N_2O=(19.54±2.08)vs.(0.01±0.04)μmol/(m~2·hr))(p0.01),suggesting that drainage would also significantly enhance CH_4and N_2O emissions.Changes in environmental variables(including sediment temperature,p H,salinity,redox status,and water depth)contributed significantly to the enhanced GHG emissions following pond drainage.Furthermore,analysis of the sustained-flux global warming and cooling potentials indicated that the combined global warming potentials of the GHG fluxes were significantly higher in the DP than in the UDP(p0.01),with values of739.18 and 26.46 mg CO_2-eq/(m~2·hr),respectively.Our findings suggested that drainage of aquaculture ponds can increase the emissions of potent GHGs from the coastal zone of China to the atmosphere during winter,further aggravating the problem of global warming.     

小型池塘水-气界面CH4冒泡通量的观测

为了量化亚热带浅水养殖塘CH_4冒泡通量占CH_4总通量的比例,选取安徽省全椒县两个小型池塘为研究对象,采用倒置漏斗法和顶空平衡法,自2016年7月28日至8月13日观测夏季水-气界面的CH_4通量.结果表明,两个池塘CH_4冒泡通量分别是121.78 mg·(m~2·d)~(-1)和161.08 mg·(m~2·d)~(-1),CH_4扩散通量分别是3.38 mg·(m~2·d)~(-1)和3.79 mg·(m~2·d)~(-1),CH_4冒泡通量占总通量比例分别是97.5%和96.4%.CH_4冒泡通量具有高度空间异质性,A塘CH_4冒泡通量的变化范围为0.11~446.90 mg·(m~2·d)~(-1),B塘CH_4冒泡通量变化范围为0.05~607.51 mg·(m~2·d)~(-1).两个池塘的气体冒泡速率都是白天高于夜间,主要受风速控制.对于较浅的池塘,在小时尺度上,CH_4冒泡通量的主要影响因素是风速;在日尺度上,CH_4冒泡通量的主要影响因素是风速和水深,其中CH_4冒泡通量与风速呈正相关关系,与水深呈负相关关系.不同纬度的水体CH_4冒泡通量不同,中纬度地区的淡水环境比高纬度地区CH_4冒泡通量更高.通过观测手段量化小型浅水池塘CH_4冒泡通量,可以为准确估算内陆水体对区域和全球碳循环的贡献提供数据支持和理论参考.     

华北低平原区降水与坑塘蓄水响应关系研究——以河北省南皮县为例

华北低平原区淡水资源短缺,坑塘水等非常规水资源的开发利用日益重要。明确坑塘蓄水在不同降水年型下作为灌溉水源的保障能力,研究该区域降水与地表坑塘蓄水的响应关系,对于农业多水源联合利用具有重要意义。论文以华北低平原区河北省南皮县为研究区,通过Cl^-和稳定同位素平衡法,计算了南皮县雨季降水对坑塘水的补给份额,并基于2013—2015年间的3期Landsat TM遥感数据,采用改进的归一化差异水体指数提取坑塘信息,分析不同降水年型下南皮县坑塘的蓄水能力及灌溉潜力。结果表明：坑塘蓄水除了接受地下水的补给,主要接受降水的补给,丰水年雨季降水对微小型、中小型坑塘的补给比例约占74.3%~86.0%,对大型坑塘的补给比例不足30%;坑塘主要以小于0.5 hm²的微小型坑塘为主,不同面积等级的坑塘数量及蓄水面积与降水的变化是一致的;其中,平水年、枯水年和丰水年坑塘蓄水量分别为1.49×10⁷、0.84×10⁷、1.90×10⁷ m³,随年降水量增大而增多。研究结果可为区域坑塘水资源的合理开发利用提供理论基础。     

中国尾矿库“环评-许可-执法”环境管理体系研究

环评管理、排污许可、环境执法是构建固定污染源环境管理体系的3项重要管理制度。对中国尾矿库目前存在的主要环境问题进行了梳理,并对尾矿库环境影响评价管理、排污许可、环保执法管理现状进行了分析。总体上尾矿库环境影响评价管理做到了科学评级、科学监管,但大部分企业排污许可证中关于尾矿库的信息不全或缺失,部分尾矿库污染防治效果有待提升。针对尾矿库制度衔接方面存在的问题提出了意见建议,指出打通尾矿库环境影响评价管理、排污许可、环保执法管理三大板块制度体系,推动环境影响评价、排污许可、执法有机衔接,是全面提升尾矿库环境管理水平的重要举措。该成果为推动尾矿库全过程环境管理提供参考。     

天目湖流域沟塘湿地脱氮速率的时空差异

湿地是陆地生态系统重要的脱氮热点,其对削减流域面源氮负荷具有重要意义. 为探究水库流域沟渠、池塘等湿地的脱氮速率及其影响因素,分别于2021年春季(3月)与夏季(6月)采集了天目湖沙河水库流域内典型土地利用类型下沟塘湿地的原状泥-水柱,利用同位素示踪技术进行室内流动培养,测定了不同沟塘湿地的反硝化速率和厌氧氨氧化速率. 结果表明:①各沟塘湿地沉积物均具有较高的脱氮速率,春季脱氮速率范围为10.59~107.65 μmol/(m2·h),平均值为70.73 μmol/(m2·h),夏季脱氮速率范围为32.07~150.10 μmol/(m2·h),平均值为112.36 μmol/(m2·h),春季果园排水沟渠的脱氮速率最高,夏季茶园退水池塘的脱氮速率最高. ②春季和夏季不同沟塘湿地厌氧氨氧化作用对脱氮的贡献率(简称“厌氧氨氧化贡献率”)平均值分别为45.45%、36.26%,其中生活污水排放池塘和茶园退水池塘的厌氧氨氧化贡献率在夏季分别下降26.82%、14.98%,春季和夏季果园排水沟渠和入湖口河流湿地的厌氧氨氧化贡献率变化不大,平均值分别为21.17%、48.99%. ③统计分析表明,水体溶解性无机氮(DIN)浓度和沉积物有机碳含量与沉积物脱氮速率均呈显著相关,且高温与低溶解氧浓度条件下也有利于脱氮作用的进行. 研究显示,水库流域沟塘湿地具有较好的脱氮能力,通过有效调控管理能够大大增加流域氮的截留能力,对水库水质保障具有重要作用.      

Metals and metalloid bioconcentrations in the tissues of Typha latifolia grown in the four interconnected ponds of a domestic landfill site

The uptake of metals in roots and their transfer to rhizomes and above-ground plant parts (stems, leaves) of cattails (Typha latifolia L.) were studied in leachates from a domestic landfill site (Etueffont, France) and treated in a natural lagooning system. Plant parts and corresponding water and sediment samples were taken at the inflow and outflow points of the four ponds at the beginning and at the end of the growing season. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in the different compartments were estimated and their removal efficiency assessed, reaching more than 90% for Fe, Mn and Ni in spring and fall as well in the water compartment. The above- and below-ground cattail biomass varied from 0.21 to 0.85, and 0.34 to 1.24 kg dry weight/m², respectively, the highest values being recorded in the fourth pond in spring 2011. The root system was the first site of accumulation before the rhizome, stem and leaves. The highest metal concentration was observed in roots from cattails growing at the inflow of the system''s first pond. The trend in the average trace element concentrations in the cattail plant organs can generally be expressed as: Fe > Mn > As > Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Cd for both spring and fall. While T. latifolia removes trace elements efficiently from landfill leachates, attention should also be paid to the negative effects of these elements on plant growth.     

尾矿库水体环境抗生素抗性基因的分布特征

抗生素抗性基因是近年来人们普遍关注的新型环境生物污染物,也是科学家们研究的热点.为了探究尾矿库水体环境抗生素抗性基因的污染特征,揭示尾矿库水体环境抗生素抗性基因的影响因素,本文采用超高通量定量PCR 技术(HT-qPCR),研究了某尾矿库的4 个点位的水体抗生素抗性基因的多样性、丰度和驱动机制.结果表明,尾矿库水体环境...     

Metagenomic insights into the profile of antibiotic resistomes in sediments of aquaculture wastewater treatment system

To meet the rapidly growing global demand for aquaculture products, large amounts of antibiotics were used in aquaculture, which might accelerate the evolution of antibioticresistant bacteria(ARB) and the propagation of antibiotic genes(ARGs). In our research, we revealed the ARGs profiles, their co-occurrence with mobile genetic elements(MGEs), and potential hosts in sediments of a crab pond wastewater purification system based on metagenomic analysis. The residual antibiotic seems to increase ...     

Phosphorus sorption capacities in a headstream landscape The pond chain structure

Understanding phosphorus sorption phenomena in different wetland sediments is important in controlling the P output in headstream watersheds. The pond chain structure （PCS） is widespread in the headstream agricultural watersheds in the southeast of China. Phosphorus sorption characteristics were determined for pond surface sediments （0-12 cm） along a pond chain structure in Liuchahe watershed of Chaohu Lake. Results showed that P sorption capacities （expressed by P sorption index （PSI）） varied both with the landscape position of the ponds and sediment depth. From foothill ponds to riverside ponds the P sorption capacities indicated a significant gradient variability. The higher elevation ponds showed greater sorption capacities, and with the pond elevation decline, P sorption capacities gradually decreased. Some physico-chemical properties, such as pH, oxalate-extractable Fe （Feox）, organic matter （TOC） and Mehlich l-extractable Ca, Mg of pond sediments also indicated significant gradient variability from high elevation ponds to low elevation ponds. Feox was the sediment parameters most highly positively correlated with PSI and was the key factor in controlling P sorption capacity in the pond chain structure （r=0.92, p〈0.001）. Long-term hydrologic and sediment inputs can affect the distribution of sediment constituents and further affect the P sorption capacity. Making the best of the spatial difference of sorption capacities of ponds in watersheds to control nonpoint source P pollutant is necessary.     

To kill or not to kill—Practitioners’ opinions on invasive alien species management as a step towards enhancing control of biological invasions

The spread of invasive alien species (IAS) has become an increasingly important environmental, social and economic issue in almost all regions of the world. To have the capacity to effectively counter the effects of invasions, besides basic research on invasion processes and the ecological impacts of IAS, there is a need to get an information and better understanding of the effectiveness of biological control and its social acceptability. Conservation practitioners are a particular group of stakeholders as they act in the first line to undertake control actions again IAS spread. Yet, not many research was done to deliver quantitative, comprehensive information on practitioners’ knowledge and attitudes towards IAS. In this paper, we present a study from Poland—a country with relatively well preserved nature, yet currently facing the problem of biological invasions in the terrestrial and aquatic environments. We investigated nature conservation practitioners’ knowledge of biological invasions, their views on the principles and methods of IAS control, and their degree of acceptance of control methods. We conducted a survey among people professionally involved in nature conservation in Poland and collected 916 questionnaires (out of 3330 sent). Overall, we find that conservation practitioners in Poland accept the use of radical methods of control, yet they differ about the use of various types of control method, and about the various control methods application to various systematic groups. Also, the level of practitioners’ knowledge is rather limited—both in relation to correct identification of IAS, as well as to knowledge on legal regulations. We also highlight significant differences between decision-makers and professionals not perceiving themselves as decisive over IAS management. We show examples suggesting that nature conservation practitioners may not hold well-formed opinions on the principles and methods of dealing with alien species. This is surely an important deficit to overcome to enhance the effectiveness of IAS control.     

基于遥感影像的江西省水体资源和水产养殖结构空间异质性分析

为系统掌握江西省水体资源结构和水产养殖基本特征,论文通过遥感技术获取了2012年各县域的水体面积,并划分为不同的水体类型。通过全局和局域空间自相关,分析了89个县（市）水产养殖典型要素的空间异质性以及空间差异程度。针对空间关联及非均质性的现象,运用地理加权回归揭示了水体资源大小、养殖方式、平均单产水平和渔业专业养殖人员数量对养殖产量的影响程度。结果表明：江西省水体资源类型以大水面为主,占总面积的70%,其次为水库山塘,占21.26%,小型池塘面积占9%。水资源结构地区差异明显,北部区域以大水面为主,南部以山塘水库为主。养殖产量和面积表现出空间集聚分布特征（P<0.01）,但各县域的聚集性分布也表现出不同的模式,彭泽县、都昌县、鄱阳县、南昌市辖区、南昌县、丰城市、进贤县和余干县8个县域,均为高-高分布类型,养殖面积和产量分别占到总量的34.55%、35.42%。从养殖品种结构上,特种养殖产量主要集中在上饶市、九江市、南昌市和宜春市,占69.84%,但特种养殖产量所占比例与水体资源大小的相关性下降,水资源较少的东部山区丘陵地带依据区位特征发展鳖、蛙产业,特种养殖比例较高。从水产养殖驱动力分析,水体面积对养殖产量的影响程度最大（中位值为0.46）,其次是小型池塘面积（中位值为0.36）、专业养殖人口数量（中位值为0.26）,3个因素与养殖产量均为正相关,其中水体面积和小型池塘面积对养殖产量的影响程度从南向北递减,专业养殖人口对养殖产量的影响程度从南向北递增。影响程度的空间异质性变化可能与养殖方式和品种结构有关。平均单产水平对养殖产量的贡献较弱（中位值为 -0.003）,各地区影响强度差别不明显。分析结果有助于系统了解江西省水体资源分布和养殖结构,对优化产业规划布局有重要的指导意义。     

城市新城区公园沟塘沉积物磷释放风险及影响因素分析

以合肥蜀峰湾体育公园5个水塘和3条沟渠为对象,采集表层沉积物及上覆水样,测算不同季节表层沉积物磷平衡浓度（EPC₀）,并解析其对外源碳或氮添加的响应,据此评估沉积物磷释放风险水平,识别主要环境影响因素.结果表明,该城市公园沟塘沉积物磷素污染处于轻-中度污染水平,总磷（TP）含量为209.28~713.51 mg·kg^-1,生物有效磷含量占TP的质量分数为18.51%~36.21%;环境背景情形下水塘沉积物EPC₀变化范围为0.012~0.142 mg·L^-1（均值0.057 mg·L^-1）,沟渠EPC₀变化范围为0.036~0.156 mg·L^-1（均值0.078 mg·L^-1）;外源碳的添加导致水塘1、3和沟渠1的EPC₀值升高（其中水塘3上升约47.5%）,提高了沉积物磷释放风险,其余沟塘沉积物EPC₀值则出现下降（特别是水塘5下降约58.6%）,意味着磷释放风险水平下降;而在外源氮添加情形下,所有沟塘沉积物EPC₀值都出现了不同程度的下降（沟渠1、2的夏季情形除外）,特别是水塘2表现尤为显著（下降约51.6%）,表明沟塘沉积物磷吸收存在氮限制性;根据偏最小二乘回归分析（PLSR）结果,氮、磷对水塘和沟渠沉积物的EPC₀值影响存在差异.     

Eradication of the non-native Poa pratensis colony at Cierva Point,Antarctica: A case study of international cooperation and practical management in an area under multi-party governance

The on-going introduction of non-native species to Antarctica due to expanding human activity presents an increasing threat to biodiversity. Under the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty, all introduced non-native species should be removed from the Antarctic Treaty area. The non-native grass Poa pratensis was first introduced to Cierva Point (Danco Coast, Antarctic Peninsula), along with substantial quantities of non-Antarctic soil, in the mid-1950s. Consistent with the Protocol, in January 2015 an internationally coordinated team undertook the eradication of the grass. Immediately prior to removal of P. pratensis, factors affecting its establishment, persistence and impacts upon local indigenous species was examined within the international management framework of the Antarctic Treaty System. The underlying soil had a high organic content of 15.5%, which may have contributed to the successful establishment of P. pratensis and restricted, at least initially, its vegetative growth to the enriched area. Examination of P. pratensis expansion from the original introduction sites showed that the plant colony intricate root system facilitated little or no coexistence of other native plants within its extent. The non-native plant colony also constituted a novel habitat for soil fauna within Antarctic terrestrial environments. The P. pratensis plant colony provided an unfavorable habitat for two of the locally endemic soil invertebrates, Cryptopygus antarcticus and Belgica antarctica. These observations led to the selection of an appropriate eradication approach, where the plants were targeted for physical extraction along with all underlying soil. During the eradication, c. 500 kg of soil and plant material from the P. pratensis colony was removed from the site. Monitoring one year later showed no evidence of re-establishment. Consistent with the Committee for Environmental Protection ‘Non-native Species Manual’, we recommend development and implementation of rapid response protocols following the discovery of a non-native plant colony to limit future impacts on indigenous species and local habitats.     

闽江河口养殖塘水体溶存氧化亚氮浓度及扩散通量研究

水产养殖生态系统由于其高氮负荷而成为氧化亚氮(N_2O)的潜在释放源.本文以福建闽江河口养虾塘为研究对象,采用静态顶空-气相色谱法测定分析了表层水体溶存N_2O浓度和饱和度,基于薄边界层模型计算了水-气界面N_2O扩散通量,在此基础上结合气象要素与水环境因子分析其主要影响因素.结果表明,养殖塘水体溶存N_2O浓度和饱和度的均值分别为17.96 nmol·L~(-1)和198.03%,时间变化上表现为养殖中期显著高于养殖末期和初期,且具有一定的日变化特征.相关分析表明,N_2O浓度及饱和度与温度、水体NH~+_4-N和叶绿素a浓度呈显著正相关(p0.05),与气压、风速和水体pH值呈显著负相关(p0.05).LM86、W92和RC01模型估算的养殖塘水-气界面N_2O扩散通量的均值分别为20.80、183.75和298.52 nmol·m~(-2)·h~(-1),3种扩散通量均呈现出随着养殖时间推移显著增加的特征,风速和水体溶存N_2O是影响河口养殖塘N_2O扩散通量的重要因子.N_2O扩散通量与扩散系数的取值密切相关,但不同模型方程计算得出的扩散系数存在显著差异,比较发现,RC01模型更适合河口区养殖塘水-气界面N_2O扩散通量估算.本研究结果可为完善水产养殖生态系统的N_2O排放清单编制和近海水环境保护提供一定的科学依据.     

微生物制剂对虾池养殖水质理化因子的调控效应

利用微生物技术对养殖虾池的生态环境进行了为期三个月的调控实验,结果表明:养殖前期试验虾池水温、盐度、水色、透明度、pH以及DO、CODMn和BOD5相对稳定,处于正常状态,试验虾池的变化与对照虾池相当;养殖中期,试验虾池水体出现了透明度下降,pH波动较大以及水色、DO、CODMn和BOD5增高的现象,pH、CODMn和BOD5出现超标.试验虾池水体CODMn和BOD5均值比对照虾池均值略低;养殖末期,试验虾池水体CODMn和BOD5有所回落,试验虾池的CODMn和BOD5均值比对照虾池低.研究期间,养殖水源水质理化因子的变化处于稳定正常状态.实验表明,微生物制剂在虾养殖的前期对水质有较好调控效果,对养殖中、后期的水质恶化现象起到一定的改善作用.     

一小型藻华池塘浮游植物群落动态及其影响因子研究

对小型藻华水体进行密集采样调查有利于揭示藻华过程中浮游植物演替规律及其影响因子.于3~10月对一小型藻华池塘进行为期30周的逐周跟踪调查,监测其水体理化指标和浮游生物种类和数量的变化,并应用PRIMER软件多元统计分析方法探求采样池塘浮游植物群落结构的动态变化及其与水体理化因子、浮游动物之间的关系.调查期间共发现浮游植物54种(属),细胞丰度在0.28×108~6.11×108cells·L-1之间;浮游动物55种(属),个体数量在26~2.5×105ind·L-1之间.浮游植物优势类群主要为蓝藻和绿藻,且随季节的变化浮游植物群落结构呈现出明显的演替过程,该过程可分为绿藻和隐藻共存期、绿藻和蓝藻共存期、蓝藻优势期这3个阶段.生物-环境相关性分析发现p H、水温、光照、总磷及轮虫、桡足类的数量是影响该池塘浮游植物群落结构动态变化的主要因素,且相比于浮游动物,水体理化因子的影响力或更强.