尽快实现职能转变 强化安全生产监督管理

尽快实现职能转变强化安全生产监督管理举世瞩目的国务院机构改革,以建立办事高效、运转协调、行为规范的政府行政管理体系,建立高素质的专业化行政管理队伍,逐步建立适应社会主义市场经济体制的有中国特色的政府行政管理体制为远大目标,它既深入人心,又势在必行！这...     

安全生产的前世今生

自2018年,我国开启新一轮党和国家的机构改革以来,有关安全生产工作该如何抓的思考不断深入。本刊将刊发系列文章,回忆我国安全生产工作的发展与变革,以飨读者。随着十三届人大第一次会议落幕,国务院又一轮机构改革启动,"安全生产监督管理总局"归入历史。组建应急管理部,整合包括国家安全生产监管总局等13个部门的相关职能。很多同仁进行了热烈讨论:安全生产与应急管理有怎样的关系?如果"安全生产"成为"应急管理"的一部分,"应急管理"是其"今生",似有必要对其"前世"进行追溯,并从中探求成为"今生"的成因。     

国务院关于进一步加强安全生产工作的决定

安全生产关系人民群众的生命财产安全。关系改革发展和社会稳定大局。党中央、国务院高度重视安全生产工作。建国以来特别是改革开放以来，采取了一系列重大举措加强安全生产工作。颁布实施了《中华人民共和国安全生产法》(以下简称《安全生产法》)等法律法规，明确了安全生产责任；     

国务院近日颁发了关于进一步加强安全生产工作的决定

国务院2004年1月9日颁发了《国务院关于进一步加强安全生产工作的决定》(国发[2004]2号)。《决定》中指出：安全生产关系人民群众的生命财产安全。关系改革发展和社会稳定大局。党中央、国务院高度重视安全生产工作，建国以来特别是改革开放以来，采取了一系列重大举措加强安全生产工作。     

关于举办“新颁法律法规宣贯及安全生产管理进阶培训班”的通知

为了适应当前形势的需要,更好地贯彻党中央国务院加强安全生产管理的精神,改进安全管理中的薄弱环节,以系统高效的安全管理应对所面临的新情况、新问题,保证生产经营的正常运行,中国安全生产科学研究院（国家一级安全生产培训机构）特举办“新颁法律法规宣贯及安全生产管理进阶培训班”。     

把安全生产监督管理工作抓紧抓紧再抓紧

为适应我国经济和社会发展的新形势、新任务,进一步加强全国安全生产监督管理工作,在一年前已经组建国家煤矿安全监察局的基础上,党中央、国务院决定组建国家安全生产监督管理局。两个局一个机构、一套班子、两块牌子,实行两种体制：煤矿安全监察体制实行垂直领导,安全生产监督管理体制实行分级管理。2月17日宣布的党中央、国务院、中组部对国家安全生产监督管理局、国家煤矿安全监察局党组和行政领导班子成员的任务,标志着国家安全生产监督管理机构的组建工作已经完成。新机构担负着全国安全生产综合管理工作,并将承担国务院安全生产委员会办公室职责,任重而道远。希望国家安全生产监督管理局在国务院的领导和国家经贸委的管理下,认真贯彻党中央和国务院有关安全生产的各项方针、政策和各项指标,通过努力工作有效地预防和减少各类伤亡事故,开创我国安全生产的新局面。当前主要应做好三项工作。     

要闻

国务院安全生产委员会调整组成人员本刊讯2012年7月2日,国务院安全生产委员会发布《国务院安委会关于调整国务院安全生产委员会组成人员的通知》(安委[2012]6号),对国务院安全生产委员会组成人员进行相应调整。根据通知,国务院副总理张德江任国务院安全生产委员会主任,国家安全监管总局局长杨栋梁、公安部常务副部长杨焕宁、国务院副秘书长肖亚庆任国务院安全生产委员会副主任。     

我国安全生产管理机构发生重大变化

为适应我国安全生产工作的 需要，加强国家安全生产监督管理，预防和减少伤亡事故，建立健合统一、高效、职责明确的安全生产监督管理机构，2000年12月31日国务院批准设立国家安全生产监督管理局，与国家煤矿安全监察局“一个机构、两块牌子”。国家安全生产监督管理局（国家煤矿安全监察局）是国家经贸委管理的综合管理全国安全生产工作，行使国家安全生产监督管理和煤矿安全监察职能的 行政机构。煤矿安全监察工作，以国家煤矿安全监察局的名义实施。     

推行安全生产责任保险 健全安全生产保障体系

<正>党和政府历来高度重视安全生产工作,积极探索在安全生产领域建立风险保障制度,多次出台相关法规,先后建立了工伤社会保险保障制度、安全生产风险抵押金制度。在2006年6月出台的《国务院关于保险业改革发展的若干意见》中,明确提出要"大力发展责任保险,健全安全生产保障和突发事件应急保险机制",肯定了商业保险机构     

易安民声

3月13日。国务院机构改革方案提请十三届全国人大一次会议审议。方案提出,组建应急管理部。不再保留国家安全生产监督管理总局。按照方案,作为国务院组成部门。拟建的应急管理部将在国家安全生产监督管理总局职责的基础上,整合多个部委的相关职责。     

记录历史见证成长携手明天

对于<中国安防产品信息>杂志社来说,2004年是一个特殊的年份,是我们创刊的第十个年头.回首十年历程,<中国安防产品信息>杂志锐意进取,改革创新,共出版杂志62期,其学术性、权威性为业内所公认.作为安防行业的首家专业媒体,我们记录历史,见证成长,推动了中国安防行业的进步与快速发展.     

Safety metaphors and theories,a review of the occupational safety literature of the US,UK and The Netherlands,till the first part of the 20th century

The 19th century and first half of the 20th century is one of those periods in history of rapid economical, technical and social changes. There is an ongoing mechanization, followed by a movement to rationalize production and to make it cost effective. This has created a heavy burden of occupational deaths amongst workers. In this period occupational safety is developing into a professional field. Engineers are enclosing hazards and fencing heights, shaping up safety technique, and writing very practical publications on occupational safety. These publications, predominantly published in the United States, are leading to quite some safety related metaphors, with the iceberg and the domino’s as the most famous ones. Sociologists, psychologists, and physicians are more concerned with questions related to accident causation, and these specialists are conducting research leading to two different safety theories. Causes of occupational accident are found either in the workers’ capacity to handle hazardous situations, or in external causes, like very long working hours, dangerous machines and the increased pressures of work and speed of production. The Pittsburgh survey, the first extended analysis of occupational accidents in a steel district, strongly advocated the environmental hypothesis, while the so-called ‘individual hypothesis’ is favored by the American Safety First Movement, starting as a private initiative in 1906 by US Steel, and later spreading out over Western European countries. The British Industrial Fatigue Board has given the individual hypothesis its scientific justification. Despite scientific criticism just after World War II on the concept of accident proneness and ‘unsafe acts’, its popularity is not fading. Even nowadays the famous metaphors are still part of the vocational training of safety experts, also in The Netherlands. Apparently professional and scientific developments in occupational safety are belonging to two separate worlds. Before World War II, The Netherlands is not a leading country in occupational safety but a follower, first of France and the German speaking countries. After World War I its focus is directed towards the Anglo-Saxon countries.     

天津大沽排水河疏浚前后沉积物生态毒性初步评价

沿天津大沽排水河设置16个采样点,于2009年3-5月和2009年9-11月分别采集疏浚前后共32份沉积物样品,采用发光细菌法评价其毒性效应.结果表明,疏浚前,25.0%的样品毒性等级为低毒,68.8%的样品毒性等级为高毒和剧毒,下游河段发光菌相对发光度均小于30.0%;疏浚通水半年后,37.5%的样品毒性等级为低毒,高毒和剧毒等级样品占总数的比例下降至18.8%.证明疏浚后沉积物对发光菌发光的抑制作用减弱,大沽排水河沉积物疏浚工程明显改善了大沽排水河的生态环境.     

Explosibility,flammability and the thermal decomposition of Bisphenol A,the main component of epoxy resin

Bisphenol A is one of the basic compounds used in a synthesis of polycarbonates and epoxy resins. Its dust can create an explosive mixture with air under specific circumstances. Therefore, the main goal of this research was to determine explosion characteristics and flammability behaviour of this compound. The complete flammability characteristic requires the determination of the basic parameters of Bisphenol A under fire conditions including Heat Release Rate, speed of combustion, ability to ignite and the temperature of the decomposition range. To establish those parameters, a cone calorimeter was used. The explosion characteristics were tested in a 20-L spherical vessel. Minimum Ignition Energy was tested on MINOR II Apparatus which is a modified Hartman's Tube. In order to identify hazardous substances generated during a fire involving Bisphenol A, a simultaneous thermal analysis that combines thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry was used. The substances obtained from the thermal degradation were analyzed by infrared spectroscope with Fourier transformation. Furthermore, the application of a Purser furnace and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry facilitated the identification of gaseous substances formed during the thermal degradation of Bisphenol A samples.     

Predictors of intentions to leave the ward,the hospital,and the nursing profession: A longitudinal study

The stages preceding and following the intention to withdraw from an organization have not been adequately examined. Data were collected at two time periods from a sample of 146 nurses working in a general hospital located in a large metropolitan area in Israel. Essentially, intention to withdraw from three levels — ward, hospital and profession — were examined. LISREL was used to test alternative longitudinal models for the best fitting set of linkages among variables. The findings supported a progression model of withdrawal intention. According to this conceptualization, a nurse first decides to leave the ward, then the hospital, and, finally, the profession. Theoretical and practical implications of the results were presented.     

Age,work experience,and the psychological contract

The purpose of the current paper is to examine the ways in which age and work experience shape how individuals experience psychological contract breaches. We first introduce the concepts of contract malleability (the degree to which individuals can tolerate deviations from contract expectations) and contract replicability (the degree to which individuals believe that their psychological contracts can be replicated elsewhere). Next, we discuss the variety of reasons why contract malleability and replicability become greater with age and work experience and how contract malleability and replicability may temper negative reactions to psychological contract breaches. We also address the different ways contract malleability and replicability mediate the relationships between age and work experience, on one hand, and exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect behaviors on the other. We consider the moderating effects of age similarity and dissimilarity here as well. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications for future research designs and for managing older and more experienced workers. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.