机械加工工人慢性肌肉骨骼损伤的调查研究

机械加工作业十分普遍，通过对１４０名机加工工人的调查，发现手、腕、臂、肩、颈和上背的疼痛及腕、上臂和上背的压痛与对照人群比，Ｐ＜ ０．０５差异明显，下背酸痛虽较对照人群高，但无统计学意义。这可能与机械加工时需取低头、颈前弯、上背前倾体位及勿需常弯腰等因素有关     

缝纫工慢性肌肉骨骼损伤的调查

缝纫流水线作业工人的慢性肌肉骨骼损伤十分普遍，且涉及面广，如手、腕、肘、臂、肩、颈、背及下肢，其症状与对照人群比，有显著差异。这与他们的工作紧张、工作时间率过多、工中休息时间过少、坐椅过高、工作台面过高及过度低头、向前弯腰等因素有关     

电视机和有线通讯设备流水线作业工人慢性肌肉骨骼损伤调查研究

电视机和有线通讯设备的生产，均采用流水线作业方式，３９０名生产工人的主要慢性肌肉骨骼损伤有手疲劳、右臂疲劳及肩痛，与对照人群比较，Ｐ〈０．０５差异显著。手痛、腕痛、颈痛及上下背痛虽多于对照人群，但无统计学意义，这与Ｌａｏｐａｊａｒｒｉ和ｓｈｉｈａｎ 等报告不同，这可能与当时工厂定额相对较低，全天纯劳动工时相对短有关     

电视机和有线通讯设备流水线作业工人慢性肌肉骨髓损伤调查研究

电视机和有线通讯设备的生产，均采和流水线作业方式，３９０名生产工人的主要慢性肌肉骨骼损伤有手疲劳、右臂疲劳及肩痛，与对照人群比较，Ｐ（０．０５差异显著。手痛、腕痛、颈痛及上下背痛虽多于对照人九，但无统计学意义，这与Ｌａｏｐａｊａｒｒｉ和ｓｈｉｈａｎ等报告不同，这可能与当时工厂定额相对较低，全天纯劳动工时相对短有关。     

缝纫工件慢性肌肉骨骼损伤的调查

缝纫流水线作业工人的慢性肌肉骨髂损伤十分普遍，且涉及面广，如手、腕、肘、臂肩、颈、背及下肢，其症状与对照给群比，有显著差异。这与他们的工作紧张、工作时间率过多、工中休息时间过少、坐椅过高、工作台面过高及过度低头、向前弯腰等因素有关。     

广东省佛山市南海区地中海贫血流行病调查分析

目的为干预出生缺陷的发生，我们对佛山市南海区新婚人群进行了地中海贫血的筛查，分析本地区地贫携带者的发生率。方法对新婚夫妻的静脉血大样本血常规进行筛查；对红细胞平均体积（MCV）〈80fl或红细胞平均血红蛋白含量（MCH）〈26pg者，用PCR技术进行地贫α、β基因检测。结果筛查新婚人群4206人，发现α地贫154例，发病率3．66％；发现β地贫70例，发病率1．66％；地贫总发病率为5．33％。     

深入开展“五项”活动 加强机关作风建设

近年来．句容市安监局通过大力实施机关作风建设．全局上下团结、励精图治、锐意进取．学习风气明显好转．依法行政水平不断提升。但是，对照新形势、新任务的要求，机关作风仍存在薄弱环节．主要表现在干部队伍综合素质参差不齐，少数人员服务意识不强．服务态度有待改进，行政审批效率较低等。     

女性感染艾滋病危险是男性的2．5倍

女性感染艾滋病的危险是同龄男性的2．5倍，江苏艾滋病女性感染者急剧增多。今天是第17个“世界艾滋病日”。今年的主题是“关注妇女，抗击艾滋”，随着由性途径传播而感染艾滋病病毒人数的激增．江苏艾滋病正逐步从高危人群向普通人群扩散。女性感染者随之激增。     

劳逸相宜远离“过劳死”

“过劳死”在许多发达国家袱称为职业病．与长期超时工作有看非常直接的关系．通常发生在每天工作10个小时以上的，如从事企业、艺术、医疗、IT、新闻、科研等行业的高端人群中。     

锅炉水冷壁爆管原因分析及处理方法探讨

水冷壁爆管多见于炉膛向火侧．但笔者在锅炉检验中遇到一台SZW4-1．25-AⅡ型锅炉水冷壁爆管位于炉膛背火侧（靠炉墙侧）。经过细致的调查和检测分析，发现造成水冷壁爆管的主要原因，是由于锅炉安装缺陷以及用户使用不当。     

视屏作业人员慢性肌肉骨骼损伤的调查研究

２３２名微机操作人员的慢性肌肉骨骼损伤表现为肩、颈、下背的酸痛和肩疲劳，与对照组比差异显著。手、腕及上肢的慢性损伤虽较对照组高，但无统计学意义。这与他们的击键次数相对较少（每日１００００次左右），但需长期间保持低头及向前弯腰的坐位姿势及工作台面太高等因素有关     

汽车组装流水线作业工人慢性肌肉骨骼损伤调查研究

从调查３１６名汽车组装流水线作业工人的慢性肌肉损伤情况中发现，其主要不适有右手或右肩的疲劳、下背痛、手腕压痛、前臂压痛及下背压痛等。汽车组装流水作业工人的这些症状和体征与其工作时右上肢活动明显多于左上肢及常处于前倾弯腰体位有关     

A model for occupational injury risk assessment of musculoskeletal discomfort and their frequencies in computer users

Occupational injuries pose a major problem in workplaces where computers are widely used. Intensive, repetitive and long period computer use results in costly health problems (direct cost), and lost productivity (indirect cost). Yet, the effect of musculoskeletal discomfort and their frequencies associated with the use of computers have not received considerable attention. This paper presents the findings of a risk assessment model through a scientific research to determine the effect of discomfort factors that contribute to musculoskeletal disorders resulting from intensive use of computers in the workplaces. In this context a questionnaire was given to 130 intensive computer users working in the university sector. A list of significant predictor variables for musculoskeletal disorders was developed to assess and analyze workplace ergonomics, worker attitudes and experiences on computer keyboard and mouse. The main focus of the current research is to seek and provide evidence that symptoms of musculoskeletal discomfort and the frequency of these symptoms are significant in the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs). This study provides the evidence that, ache and pain are the most common types of discomforts in all body regions. The discomforts were more pronounced at neck, shoulder, upper back, hand/wrist, and lower back regions. The risk factors determined by the risk assessment model were validated through ANOVA of the sEMG records for the control and test groups. The findings indicated that for each test group respondent, the mean musculoskeletal strain experienced differs in time, but the same is not true for the control group.     

Combined Effects of Physical Demands and Shift Working on Low Back Disorders Among Nursing Personnel

The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effects of physical demands and shift working on low back disorders (LBDs) among nursing personnel. The study used 2 questionnaires: a self-administered questionnaire composed of parts of Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire to assess LBDs and job content questionnaire to assess physical demands. The participants were divided into 4 groups: from group 1 (low physical demands day workers) to group 4 (high physical demands shift workers). In regression analysis, high physical demands were associated with the prevalence of LBDs independently (OR 4.4, 95% CI [2.40, 8.00] and p < .05), but there was no association between shift working and LBDs (p > .05). Odds ratio in high physical demands shift workers was 9.33 compared to the reference group (p < .001). Calculated synergistic index was 7.37. Simultaneous impacts of shift working and high physical demands may increase the prevalence of LBDs among nursing personnel.     

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders at Workplaces in the People’s Republic of China

This paper presents 2 musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire surveys in 10 different Chinese occupational groups. Data collected from 1,603 workers using a modified Nordic musculoskeletal disorders symptom questionnaire showed that the 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the low back and shoulder-neck regions, was high at many Chinese workplaces. Significant differences existed between occupational groups. Assembly workers usually had higher neck-shoulder complaints compared to workers in most other occupations. However, the nature of assembly seemed also to influence the prevalence rate. Workers at a cassette recorder and a TV set assembly plant appeared to have more neck complaints compared with a group of thermos flask assemblers.     

Possibilities of kinesio taping to prevent injuries of professional dancers

A literature review of the application of kinesio taping in the prevention of professional dancers’ injuries indicated frequent dance-related and overuse injuries and a lack of organized information about this issue. This study aimed to assess the impact of kinesio taping on the musculoskeletal system of dancers, based on scientific research data from 2015–2017. The analysis revealed that kinesio taping can effectively reduce muscle spasms, rebuild muscle strength of the injured extremity, improve static and dynamic balance and ease pain, due to its ability to improve proprioception of joints and regulate muscle tone. These effects reduce muscle imbalance and joint instability, thus increasing treatment efficacy and shortening the physical load limitation. Kinesio taping significantly reduces the risk of overuse syndromes and dance-related injuries during dance training and strenuous exercises of people with chronic musculoskeletal diseases. Therefore, kinesio taping has broad utility in primary and secondary prevention of dance-related injuries.     

Assessment of Ergonomic and Occupational Health-Related Problems Among Female Prawn Seed Collectors of Sunderbans,West Bengal,India

Abstract

Sixty female prawn seed collectors and 60 female control subjects from Sajenakhali and Sandeshkhali blocks of Sunderbans, West Bengal, India, were randomly selected to evaluate and compare musculoskeletal disorders and physiological stress. The control group was engaged in domestic work involving minimum hand-intensive activities. The modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire and rapid entire body assessment were used. Most subjects suffered from discomfort in different body parts, especially in the lower back (98%), knees (88%), shoulders (75%), ankles (70%) and feet (67%). This study reveals that female prawn seed collectors suffer from significant physiological load and extreme physiological stress due to prolonged working hours in a standing posture and excessive work pressure. Consequently, all these factors affect female prawn seed collectors ‘ health and work performance.