落实以人为本的科学发展观开创安全生产工作新局面

昨天下午，国务院召开了全国安全生产电视电话会议，黄菊副总理发表重要讲话，充分肯定了安全生产工作取得的成绩，指出了存在的问题，深刻阐述了安全生产的重要性，并对当前和2005年工作提出了明确要求。今天，我们召开全国安全生产工作会议，主要议题是：贯彻落实党中央、国务院的重要指示和黄菊副总理的重要讲话精神，总结工作，分析形势，部署任务，进一步统一思想，坚定信心，真抓实干，     

在海边看日出（散文）

我喜欢看日出。那一年到山东出差，中午到了泰安，我就上了泰山，登上了玉皇顶，许多游人滞留在那里，准备在山上过夜，第二天早晨看日出。可我因为有急事要赶回去，当天又一口气从原路下了山，晚上登上了火车。那是一列从乌鲁木齐开往杭州方向的慢车，因为是过路车，我没有买到座位票，列车上人特别多，走道上和两节车厢之间的空档都挤满了人，我从泰安一直站到南京，又饿又累。直到现在，我都有点懊悔，当时应该在泰山上看完日出再走。     

受伤后未做工伤认定能否要求公司赔偿

编辑同志：去年7月的一天，我在下班关门时，不小心被掉下来的门砸到，造成右脚脚踝骨折，手术用了钢板螺钉固定，今年7月底，取了钢板，至今没有做工伤认定，这样的情况是否已经过了认定时限？手术造成右脚明显粗大，还留下了两个疤，最大的缝了20几针，公司除了医药费没有给予任何赔偿，请问我可否要求公司赔偿？     

推行处罚说理，体现“人性化”监管—海门市安监局推行说理式行政处罚文书工作的做法

2007年8月，海门市安监局结合实际，积极探索，大胆创新，全面启动推行说理式行政处罚文书工作，实现了执法责任化，责任制度化，处罚文书说理化，监管工作人性化。通过推行说理式行政处罚文书，提升了行政执法机关的形象，提高了行政执法人员的业务能力和逻辑思维能力，消除了被处罚对象与行政执法机关的对立情绪，     

市县安监局长给广大读者拜年

丛跃滋：南京市安监局局长 悄然而过，难忘的2012。在这一年里，我们恪守以人为本、安全发展的理念，高度重视，周密部署，严格管控，稳步推进，i篷制了较大以上生产事故，完成了各项指标任务，确保了“十八大”胜利召开前后的安全生产形势稳定，     

患病后又确诊职业病 单位能否解除劳动合同？

问：王某是一家企业的职工，已经在该企业工作了11年，2010年又签订了5年期的劳动合同。2011年2月，王某因患病住院治疗，请了4个月的病假，不料治疗5个月后又意外被确诊患了职业病，于是向单位要求延长医疗期。单位却说，已经给王某4个月的病假了，如果在该期间治不好，就解除劳动合同。请问，单位的说法对吗？     

我国产学研合作的发展现状与特点简述

从上个世纪九十年代开始，在政府的大力推动下和市场机制的导向下，企业与高校、科研院所形成了多种形式的产学研合作，极大地推动了我国科技成果的产业化进程，并在信息技术、生物技术、新材料、先进制造技术等领域内形成了一大批具有自主知识产权的产品，培育出了一批新的经济增长点，加速了传统产业的升级改造，进一步增强了企业自主创新能力，有力地促进了产业结构升级，取得了较好的经济和社会效益。     

水娃出走

又放了一碴炮，巷道向前延伸了两米，喜得水娃合不拢嘴，“嗯!这月少说拿两千。 装矸子的水娃，突然大声吼：“二柱，水!水!水!”二柱继续打炮眼，没听见。“透水了!透水了!”水娃嚷了一嗓子又一嗓子。二柱这才撂下风锤，俯首一看，脸吓白了，腿也颤了……     

下文后还应当做好“下文”

近年采，“安全生产协管员”一词在各地新闻媒体和安全生产报刊杂志上频频出现，一些地方政府还专门下发文件，成立机构、划拨编制、配备装备、落实待遇。据了解，各地的监管队伍进一步得到加强，监管工作也有了明显的进步，这些都值得肯定和提倡。但千万不要认为文件下发了，机构成立了，装备配齐了，待遇落实了，安全生产监管工作就可以做好了。笔者认为，队伍壮大了，关键还是要在加强队伍建设上下功夫。     

基于层次分析法的厂内机动车叉车事故分析

近些年来，叉车在物流领域中的应用越来越广泛，但是随之而来也出现了大量的叉车事故，这不仅影响了人们的生产工作，更重要的是还威胁到了人们的生命安全。为此，笔者搜集了24起恶性叉车事故，对其进行了分析，并在此基础之上，结合笔者对此问题的理解，运用层次分析法．对导致叉车事故的原因进行了分析排序，得出叉车安全管理上作的重点。     

金属网阻火器设计参数的优化选择

就不同的火焰速度，应采用合理的金属同参数进行了研究，得出了临界消焰速度和金属网形状系数（ｄ／Ｗ）以及金属同层数之间的实验式。提出了网与网之间的理想间隔，并研究出多层金属网的最佳故数。按照本文提出的有关论据，便可在设计金属网阻火器时，对有关参数进行优化选择。     

阻燃涤棉混纺织物的研究与发展

对阻燃涤棉混纺织物的国内外研究状况、生产和应用中存在的问题,进行了论述,并提出了今后的发展方向。     

Investigation on the suppression effect of high momentum C6F12O (Novec-1230) flow on hydrogen jet flame

This work investigates the suppression effect of Novec-1230 on H₂ jet flame. The suppressants are motivated by N₂ flow to get higher momentum and approach the reaction kernel at flame base. The flame area with Novec-1230 is always smaller than that with water mist at the same condition. Novec-1230 exhibits better suppression effect on reaction kernel. The higher-momentum jet flame is more difficult to be suppressed. This is because that the higher-momentum flame makes the suppressant approach the reaction kernel more difficult. In addition, the high N₂ flow rate containing suppressant could destroy flame temperature structure and decrease it. Results inferred that the temperature of flame with Novec-1230 is higher than that with water mist. Moreover, the lower minimum extinguishing time indicates that the suppression efficiency of Novec-1230 is better than that of water mist. The jet flame is extinguished only when H₂ flow rate is low and N₂ flow rate is high. There are two reasons: one is that the higher-momentum jet flame prevents suppressants to enter flame core. The other one is that the burner nozzle is heated to as igniting source during suppression progress. Furthermore, the burning velocity, adiabatic flame temperature, heat production and free radicals are investigated theoretically at Φ = 1.6, 1.0, 0.8 and 0.6. Results indicate that the burning velocity with Novec-1230 is much lower than that with water mist. The adiabatic flame temperature, heat production and free radicals increase firstly and then decrease with Novec-1230 addition at lean flame.     

静止环境中可燃固体表面火蔓延特性的实验研究

本文通过模拟实验方法研究静止环境下可燃固体材料表面的火蔓延特性,应用火焰结构显示技术连续观察和记录了固体可燃物表面火蔓延的火行为,并利用温度示踪技术连续考察和分析了固体可燃物表面的火蔓延过程,同时研究分析了燃烧试样类型对火蔓延速率的影响,所得结查物理上合理。     

Impact of local flame quenching on the flame acceleration in H2-CO-air mixtures in obstructed channels

In accident scenarios originating from weak ignition, flame acceleration preconditions the fresh gas ahead of the flame front and provides the necessary conditions for deflagration-to-detonation transition to occur. Strong shear layers, which form at the rear edge of obstacles in the accelerated flow of fast flames, isolate fresh gas pockets. Vortices in the intense shear layer have the potential to locally quench the flame, limiting the integral heat release and delaying the onset of detonation.This study investigates the potential of local turbulent quenching in H${}_2$-CO-air mixtures. First, the presence of locally reduced heat release is visualized in highly resolved simulations for H${}_2$-air and H${}_2$-CO-air flames. Efficient simulation methods are of great importance for risk analysis studies. In connection with the results from highly resolved simulations this justifies a more detailed look at RANS-based combustion models for said flames. Thus, three different treatments of turbulent quenching are investigated, in which the geometrical configuration (blockage ratio and obstacle spacing) and the geometry size is varied.The results indicate that quenching does not need to be considered in RANS-based combustion models for H${}_2$-CO-air flames in explosion scenarios. But since quenching does eventually occur at very high turbulence intensities, the authors suggest limiting the flame turbulence interaction to flame stretch values obtained from 1D counter-flow flame simulations with detailed chemistry.     

Effects of particle thermal characteristics on flame microstructures during dust explosions of three long-chain monobasic alcohols in a half-closed chamber

To reveal clearly the effects of particle thermal characteristics on flame microstructures during organic dust explosions, three long-chain monobasic alcohols, solid at room temperature and similar in physical-chemical properties, were chosen to conduct experiments in a half-closed chamber. In the experiments, the dust materials were dispersed into the chamber by air to form dust clouds and the hybrids were ignited by an electrical spark. A high-speed optical schlieren system was used to record the flame propagation behaviors. A fine thermocouple and an ion current probe were respectively used to measure the flame temperature profile and the reaction behaviors of the combustion zone. Based on the experimental results, combustion behaviors and flame microstructures in dust clouds with different thermal characteristics were analyzed in detail. As a result, it was found that the dust flame surfaces were completely covered by cellular structures that significantly increased the flame frontal areas. Flame propagated more quickly and the number of the cellular cells increased as increasing the volatility of the particles. On the contrary, maximum temperature and the thickness of the preheated zone decreased as increasing the volatility of the particles. According to the ion current profile, the particles in the preheat zone were pyrolyzed to intermediate radicals and the radicals' fraction in the higher volatile dust flame was higher than that in the lower volatile dust flame.     

Flame acceleration in pipes containing bends of different angles

Bend structures are common in process industries. These bends containing three typical angles (90°, obtuse angle and acute angle) are often incorporated into pipes or ducts at different positions. In our experiments, the effect of both the bend angle and bend position on flame acceleration was studied. Flame acceleration in a pipe bend can be divided into three stages. The flame speeds increased before the bend and increased again after decreasing for a short distance in the bend. Flame reversing decreased the flame speeds in the bend and led to additional turbulence, which enhanced flame acceleration after the bend. The flame acceleration in three different pipe bend angles had similar trends. The decreasing amplitude of the flame speed in the bend increased with a decrease in the bend angles. The flame speeds in the bend were ordered such that 52° <90° <145°. However, the maximum flame speeds in the pipe were in the opposite order. Additionally, both the flame speeds in the bends and the maximum flame speeds in the whole pipes increased as the bend’s position away from ignition point increased.     

Experimental investigation on explosion flame propagation of wood dust in a semi-closed tube

In order to explore flame propagation characteristics during wood dust explosions in a semi-closed tube, a high-speed camera, a thermal infrared imaging device and a pressure sensor were used in the study. Poplar dusts with different particle size distributions (0–50, 50–96 and 96–180 μm) were respectively placed in a Hartmann tube to mimic dust cloud explosions, and flame propagation behaviors such as flame propagation velocity, flame temperature and explosion pressure were detected and analyzed. According to the changes of flame shapes, flame propagations in wood dust explosions were divided into three stages including ignition, vertical propagation and free diffusion. Flame propagations for the two smaller particles were dominated by homogeneous combustion, while flame propagation for the largest particles was controlled by heterogeneous combustion, which had been confirmed by individual Damköhler number. All flame propagation velocities for different groups of wood particles in dust explosions were increased at first and then decreased with the augmentation of mass concentration. Flame temperatures and explosion pressures were almost similarly changed. Dust explosions in 50–96 μm wood particles were more intense than in the other two particles, of which the most severe explosion appeared at a mass concentration of 750 g/m³. Meanwhile, flame propagation velocity, flame propagation temperature and explosion pressure reached to the maximum values of 10.45 m/s, 1373 °C and 0.41 MPa. In addition, sensitive concentrations corresponding to the three groups of particles from small to large were 500, 750 and 1000 g/m³, separately, indicating that sensitive concentration in dust explosions of wood particles was elevated with the increase of particle size. Taken together, the finding demonstrated that particle size and mass concentration of wood dusts affected the occurrence and severity of dust explosions, which could provide guidance and reference for the identification, assessment and industrial safety management of wood dust explosions.     

Study on the deflagration reaction process of oil gas in long-narrow confined space based on PLIF and flame spectra

Oil gas explosion in long-narrow confined space is a typical unsteady combustion process. To study the reaction process, two experiment techniques are adopted in this research. One is planner laser induced fluorescence, which is used to achieve the transient measurement of free radicals in unsteady premixed combustion field. The other one is the spectral testing technique, which is used to measure the luminescence spectrum characteristics of oil gas combustion flame. The distribution of OH radical and CH radical at different positions in the combustion field, the common partition of deflagration flame structure under different oil gas concentrations, and the main luminescence spectra of radicals such as OH, CH, C₂, C₃, CO₂, H₂O and HCO are obtained. By comparing the above three aspects, the combustion reaction process of premixed mixture is revealed, driven by the coupling effect of chemical reaction and fluid flow in the process of explosion propagation. The process can be described briefly as follows. In the “outer flame zone”, large hydrocarbon molecules are mainly transformed to small molecules and free radicals by means of pyrolysis, dehydrogenation and oxidation. In the “inner flame zone”, carbon particles and combustion products produced and gathered after relevant reactions.