共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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曹国庆 《再生资源与循环经济》2014,(4):34-38
废铅蓄电池是再生铅主要原料,铅蓄电池产量、进出口量、社会消费保有量,以及铅蓄电池消费使用领域与废铅蓄电池产生量有关。预测2015年废铅蓄电池产生量,并讨论我国再生铅产能规模,供再生铅产业结构调整与区域布局调整作参考。 相似文献
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张浩 《再生资源与循环经济》2020,(2):38-40
我国风电行业每年产生大量热固性玻璃钢废弃物,这些废弃的热固性复合材料叶片、机舱罩等,在处置过程中广泛存在资源浪费和环境污染问题。对风电行业废玻璃钢的来源、产生量进行分析,概述废玻璃钢的生态毒性,阐述当前玻璃钢废弃物资源化处置技术及其优缺点,并提出风电行业废玻璃钢资源化处置技术的未来发展方向。 相似文献
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一氧化碳变换催化剂广泛应用于合成氨及制氢工业中。催化剂由于中毒、粉化、衰老等原因失去活性,需要经常更换。以中温变换催化剂为例,我国每年生产约2万t用以更换失效的催化剂。更换出的催化剂未经任何处理就排弃掉,其中的铬会对环境造成污染。消除废变换催化剂的铬污染,使废催化剂变废为宝,是一项有重要意义的工作。目前国内已有无铬催化剂的试验报道,尚没有废变换催化剂处理的报道。本文简要介绍我们进行的从废变换催化剂中回收铬和铁用于制造新变换催化剂的试验研究结果。1 试验方法一氧化碳变换催化剂主要由铁、铬的氧化物组… 相似文献
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以稀土元素(简称稀土)用量较大的废FCC催化剂和废汽车尾气净化催化剂为研究对象,分析总结了两类废催化剂中稀土的成分和回收方法。从废催化剂中回收稀土普遍采用先浸出、后分离提纯的方法。浸出普遍采用无机酸(多为盐酸),分离方法包括溶剂萃取法、化学沉淀法等,最后经焙烧得到稀土氧化物。为从废催化剂中高效回收稀土,可着重考察新浸出机制的引入、分离方式的选择、分离试剂的应用,以及浸出和分离条件的优化,从而为实现工业化回收提供技术支持。 相似文献
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大量工业废催化剂的丢弃,不仅是一种资源的浪费,而且对环境也会造成一定程度的污染,针对工业废催化剂的回收利用进行了探讨,着重介绍了几种工业废催化剂的综合回收技术. 相似文献
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油脂是制漆生产的主要原料之一。就目前市场供应的毛油而言 ,其中都含有较高的酸价和较深的色泽 ,因此在用于制漆之前需对油脂进行精练。在现行的油脂精炼工艺中 ,炼油工段废水产生量最大。为提高油脂的收率 ,减少炼油废水的排放 ,我们对现行的炼油废水处理工艺进行了改进。一年多的生产实践证明 ,炼油废水先酸化、后絮凝沉淀、再静置分离回收油脂的处理工艺 ,理论上是科学的 ,技术上也是可行的。该工艺不但减少了炼油废水的排放量 ,而且废水COD的去除率在 6 0 %以上 ,SS去除率在70 %以上 ,油脂回收率在 90 %左右。经过回收油脂后的废水再… 相似文献
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采用干凝胶转化法对甲醇制烯烃(MTO)废催化剂SAPO-34进行再生,将SAPO-34分子筛晶化所需的硅、铝、磷原料同时作为黏结剂使用,经干凝胶转化制备出再生催化剂,并对催化剂进行了表征及MTO反应活性评价。表征结果显示,再生催化剂的晶体结构、微观形貌、粒径分布、孔结构、耐磨性及酸中心均得到了恢复与改善,磨损指数可达0.35%/h。实验结果表明:在催化剂加入量为1.0 g、进气中甲醇质量分数为95%、甲醇质量空速为3 h-1、反应温度为450℃、反应压力为常压的条件下,再生催化剂的甲醇转化率接近100%,双烯(乙烯和丙烯)选择性较废催化剂提高了约3百分点,可达87%以上;同时,再生催化剂的寿命也较废催化剂有了明显改善。 相似文献
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Life-cycle assessment of a waste refinery process for enzymatic treatment of municipal solid waste 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Decrease of fossil fuel dependence and resource saving has become increasingly important in recent years. From this perspective, higher recycling rates for valuable materials (e.g. metals) as well as energy recovery from waste streams could play a significant role substituting for virgin material production and saving fossil resources. This is especially important with respect to residual waste (i.e. the remains after source-separation and separate collection) which in Denmark is typically incinerated. In this paper, a life-cycle assessment and energy balance of a pilot-scale waste refinery for the enzymatic treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) is presented. The refinery produced a liquid (liquefied organic materials and paper) and a solid fraction (non-degradable materials) from the initial waste. A number of scenarios for the energy utilization of the two outputs were assessed. Co-combustion in existing power plants and utilization of the liquid fraction for biogas production were concluded to be the most favourable options with respect to their environmental impacts (particularly global warming) and energy performance. The optimization of the energy and environmental performance of the waste refinery was mainly associated with the opportunity to decrease energy and enzyme consumption. 相似文献
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Beolchini F Fonti V Dell'Anno A Rocchetti L Vegliò F 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2012,32(5):949-956
The present work deals with the application of biotechnology for the mobilization of metals from different solid wastes: end of life industrial catalysts, heavy metal contaminated marine sediments and fluorescent powders coming from a cathode ray tube glass recycling process. Performed experiments were aimed at assessing the performance of acidophilic chemoautotrophic Fe/S-oxidizing bacteria for such different solid matrices, also focusing on the effect of solid concentration and of different substrata. The achieved results have evidenced that metal solubilization seems to be strongly influenced by the metal speciation and partitioning in the solid matrix. No biological effect was observed for Ni, Zn, As, Cr mobilization from marine sediments (34%, 44%, 15%, 10% yields, respectively) due to metal partitioning. On the other hand, for spent refinery catalysts (Ni, V, Mo extractions of 83%, 90% and 40%, respectively) and fluorescent powders (Zn and Y extraction of 55% and 70%, respectively), the improvement in metal extraction observed in the presence of a microbial activity confirms the key role of Fe/S oxidizing bacteria and ferrous iron. A negative effect of solid concentration was in general observed on bioleaching performances, due to the toxicity of dissolved metals and/or to the solid organic component. 相似文献
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针对炼油废水缺乏碱度而硝化效能受限问题,以CO_2曝气处理后的改性碱渣废水为碱度补充剂,按一定配比加入炼油废水好氧阶段以强化硝化效能。实验结果表明:经流量为1 L/min的CO_2连续曝气处理5 h后,碱渣废水p H可降至7.2~7.8,钙元素质量浓度可降低90.65%,并去除了部分汞、砷等有毒重金属;将该改性碱渣废水以1∶99的体积比加入炼油废水并进行生化处理,COD去除率可达90.2%;相较于未补充碱渣的炼油废水,出水ρ(NO3--N)提高25%~30%,硝化细菌菌群密度增加52%,污泥絮体形态结构未发生改变。 相似文献
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