我省进一步加强机动车环检机构和环保合格标志管理

为进一步强化污染防治,全力推进机动车污染减排工作,近日,吉林省环保厅下发了《关于加强机动车环检机构和环保合格标志管理的通知》,要求各地级城市要建立机动车环境保护监督管理信息平台,以实现机动车环保合格标志核发的电子信     

解决室内污染——绿色家装和救济途径

我国室内环境污染严重，而装修污染是室内污染的主要源头之一，解决这一问题的关键是倡导“绿色家装”理念，绿化室内环境。文章还提出了处理室内环境污染损害的救济途径。     

中原油田绿色企业创建实践的探讨

中原油田分公司始终把创建绿色油气田放在首要位置,积极实践和探索,总结出适合油气田特点的绿色企业创建和管理经验:加强组织领导,建立部门联动机制;探索管理创新,构建绿色企业管理体系;加强宣传教育,提高全员环保意识;推广绿色科技,深入推进绿色发展。中原油田分公司全面提升了环保水平,获得中国石化"绿色企业"的称号。进一步,油田要坚持问题导向,着力解决污染防治、合法合规等方面存在的突出问题。     

两型社会下人居环境的全过程优化研究与实践——以室内空气质量优化为例

结合中国住宅室内装修污染现状,在当前日益注重室内空气品质的趋势下,通过全过程控制室内空气污染,对现有的室内污染物控制方式进行优化,从而有效保证室内空气品质,打造安全、健康、环保的绿色人居环境。     

家里的灰霾——中国家庭室内灰尘中有毒有害物质抽样调查

家庭室内灰尘是考察室内污染情况的"晴雨表"。近期,针对目前国际国内关注度较高的四类有毒有害物质,绿色和平采集了中国五个城市十一个家庭的室内灰尘样本进行检测。结果显示全部样本中都存在上述四类有毒有害物质,且浓度范围与其他国家和地区的研究相一致。这表明中国公众可能通过室内灰尘暴露于多种有毒有害物质的复合影响之下。有此,绿色和平建议完善中国化学品管理体系,为公众创造一个"无毒"的未来。     

克拉玛依市区大气尘污染研究

通过对克拉玛依市区大气尘污染的特性及变化规律所进行的全面分析和研究,结果表明：市区的尘污染有加重的趋势,降尘属中度污染,针对现状,提出了大力植树造林;加强对建筑施工和道路改造施工现场的管理;加强对低空排放的小型燃煤锅炉的监督管理;充分利用石油天然气资源;强化以环境管理为中心的环境政策体系等五项具体措施。     

论立法保护长江资源

概述了长江流域优越的自然地理环境、历史文化遗产、社会经济条件;列举了长江流域污染灾害频频发生,水灾愈来愈多的大量事实,论述了全流域加强环境法治建设、统一监督管理的重要性和迫切性。     

安徽机动车污染防治再“加码”

<正>机动车污染已成为我国空气污染的重要来源,为进一步强化各地对机动车污染防治工作的监督管理,规范机动车排放检验工作,建立健全机动车环境管理长效机制,改善大气环境质量,日前,安徽省环保厅下发通知,就进一步加强全省机动车环境监管工作的有关事项再"加码"。通知强调,各地要高度重视机动车环境监督管理工作。新修订的《中华人民共和国大气污染防治法》对做     

简论中国的排污收费制度

排污收费制度是我国环境管理的一项基本制度,是促进污染防治的一项重要经济政策。排污收费制度实施20多年来,对促进企事业单位加强经营管理、节约和综合利用资源、治理污染、控制环境恶化的趋势,提高国家环境保护监督管理能力发挥了重要的作用。     

如何提高环境保护投资的效益

我国的环境保护工作自70年代开始起步,至今已有二十多年的历史,这一期间环境保护主管部门从开始仿效工业发达国家集中治理污染,推广工业“三废”综合利用,到加强环保部门组织和法规建设,突出环境保护部门的监督管理职能,走过了一条曲折的道路。自80年代以来,随着监督管理的加强,环境保护工作取得了长足的进步。虽然同期内国民经济得到迅速发展,但多数城市和主要江河的环境质     

成都麻羊保种选育实施方案的探讨

本文介绍了成都麻羊品种特征、体型结构、生产性能及其产区概况，讨论了保种选育的方向、指标和种群建设规模；提出了规划保种区、建立良种繁育体系、组建保种核心群、严格选种选配、科学饲养、合理培育、健全卫生防疫制度等配套技术措施，以及强化管理、加强协作、扶持发展专业户、搞好技术培训、合理利用等组织措施。     

当前发展环保产业需要重新认识的几个问题

本文就当前在社会主义市场经济体制下如何更好地加快环保产业的发展,提出了如下看法：目前环保产业应是以服务业为重点内容,以市场化、产业化为其发展方式的一个综合性新兴产业,要开展以企业为主体的经济活动,建立政府激励机制,改变以政府为主体的投资机制,并加强对环保设施运营的监督管理。     

Export efficiency of large projects: The case of aluminium smelters

We draw attention to a number of key factors in the evaluation of major projects, such as smelters, which are highly capital- and energy-intensive as well as export-orientated. The practice of justifying such projects by upvaluing foreign exchange is considered, as is the cost of distortion. Export efficiency is introduced as the key criterion: the efficiency of some recent smelter proposals in Oceania was between 36 and 50 cents in the dollar. A correct power price is essential: hydropower (in contrast with hydroenergy) should be priced as a depletable resource.     

Animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to air emissions

With existing and proposed air-quality regulations, ecological disasters resulting from air emissions such as those observed at Copperhill, Tennessee, and Sudbury, Ontario, are unlikely. Current air-quality standards, however, may not protect ecosystems from subacute and chronic exposure to air emissions. The encouragement of the use of coal for energy production and the development of the fossil-fuel industries, including oil shales, tar sands, and coal liquification, point to an increase and spread of fossil-fuel emissions and the potential to influence a number of natural ecosystems. This paper reviews the reported responses of ecosystems to air-borne pollutants and discusses the use of animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to these pollutants. Animal species and populations can act as important indicators of biotic and abiotic responses of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. These responses can indicate long-term trends in ecosystem health and productivity, chemical cycling, genetics, and regulation. For short-term trends, fish and wildlife also serve as monitors of changes in community structure, signaling food-web contamination, as well as providing a measure of ecosystem vitality. Information is presented to show not only the importance of animals as indicators of ecosystem responses to air-quality degradation, but also their value as air-pollution indices, that is, as air-quality-related values (AQRV), required in current air-pollution regulation.     

浅谈循环经济科技支撑体系的建设

循环经济是以科学发展观为统领，以先进的科学技术为基础，以低消耗、低排放、高效率为特征的集约化、内涵式经济增长模式。为了促使我国走上循环经济发展之路，就必须建立循环经济科技支撑体系，即以政府为主导、企业为主体、社会化服务机构健全的循环经济科技创新体系和完善的循环经济科技政策体系、法律法规体系以及绿色文化与教育体系。     

A value proposition: Resource recovery from faecal sludge—Can it be the driver for improved sanitation?

There is currently a lack of access to affordable sanitation in urban areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluated the potential for resource recovery from innovative faecal sludge treatment processes to generate a profit that could help sustain the sanitation service chain. A total of 242 interviews were conducted in Accra, Ghana; Dakar, Senegal; and Kampala, Uganda to compare markets in different cultural and regional contexts. Products identified to have potential market value include dry sludge as a fuel for combustion, biogas from anaerobic digestion, protein derived from sludge processing as animal feed, sludge as a component in building materials, and sludge as a soil conditioner. The market demand and potential revenue varied from city to city based on factors such as sludge characteristics, existing markets, local and regional industrial sectors, subsidies, and locally available materials. Use as a soil conditioner, which has been the most common end use of treated sludge, was not as profitable as other end uses. These findings should help policy and decision makers of sanitation service provision to design financially viable management systems based on resource recovery options.     

Realising local food policies: a comparison between Toronto and the Brussels-Capital Region’s stories through the lenses of reflexivity and co-learning

ABSTRACT

This paper revisits the development of Toronto and Brussels’ local food policies by analysing reflexivity and co-learning as important dimensions within a Hybrid Governance Approach (HGA); it approaches the interaction between four forms of governance (bottom-up, networked, state, market-led) and the tensions between them as hybrid dynamics. Within this approach, reflexivity refers to the positionality of agents, i.e. to the ways local food actors embody as well as reflect on and reconsider their principles and practices through time. Closely related to reflexivity, co-learning involves agential interactions to co-construct enabling food policy delivery systems. The HGA is mobilised to understand the ways in which reflexive capacities, as well as co-learning, take place in the two cases and how they lay the basis of particular modes of (de)institutionalisation. Learning from the two cases’ trajectories, this paper highlights: (a) the role of key governance tensions as triggers as well as breeding grounds for reflexivity and co-learning outcomes; (b) the challenges of food movement actors to surmount or valorise key tensions in order to build accountable modes of food policy delivery through time; (c) the struggles to build legitimacy and accountability in local food movements through the development of bottom-linked organisations and governance modes.     

Minimizing Harm in Possum Control Operations and Experiments in New Zealand

Pest control operations andexperimentation on sentient animals such as thebrushtail possum can cause unnecessary andavoidable suffering in the animal subjects.Minimizing animal suffering is an animalwelfare goal and can be used as a guide in thedesign and execution of animal experimentationand pest control operations.The public has little sympathy for the possum,which can cause widespread environmentaldamage, but does believe that control should beas painless as possible. Trapping and poisoningprovide only short-term solutions to the possumproblem and often involve methods that causesuffering. Intrusive experiments connected withthese methods of control and published in thelast 6 years are reviewed. Many of theexperiments do not attain the welfare standardsrequired by members of the public.Possums also act as vectors for bovinetuberculosis. While this is not as important inthe minds of the public as environmentaldegradation, as long as people wish to continueraising cattle, this disease needs to becontrolled.Immunocontraception is a humane means ofcontrolling possums with wide publicacceptance. The use of vaccines for cows and/orpossums would also cause far less sufferingthan present eradication operations. Researchinto these methods does require some intrusiveexperimentation. This can be reduced if liveanimals are not used for secondary antibodyharvesting, if adequate analgesia is provided,and if potential vaccines or contraceptives aretested under conditions that would beexperienced in the field.     

周庄旅游者的结构特征及利益追求

旅游客源市场由不同结构特征的旅游者组成,其利益追求各不相同,对此加以分析,可以制定正确的营销策略,提供科学依据.以周庄为案例,采用随机抽样问卷调查法,分别对周庄旅游者的性别结构、年龄结构、文化结构、家庭收入水平结构和职业结构进行了分析.结果显示,周庄旅游者以男性游客为主体,25～44岁的中青年游客占大多数;文化程度以大专及以上层次为主,职业构成比较分散,企事业管理人员居多;家庭月收入水平高于全国平均水平.对旅游者的利益追求进行了初步的探讨,并结合游客结构特征和利益追求的分析结果,提出了周庄未来旅游产品的营销策略.     

渗灌——设施园艺先进的节水灌溉技术

渗灌具有降低室内湿度、改善土壤环境、节约灌溉用水、减少肥料用量、省工省时、价格适中等优点,是目前设施园艺先进的节水灌溉技术。详细介绍了渗灌系统的结构,渗灌管的种类以及使用维护方法。