Simultaneous adsorption of lead and cadmium on MnO2-loaded resin

MnO2-loaded D301 weak basic anion exchange resin has been used as adsorbent to simultaneously remove lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solution. The e ects of adsorbent dosage, solution pH and the coexistent ions on the adsorption were investigated. Experimental results showed that with the adsorbent dosage more than 0.6 g/L, both Pb2+ and Cd2+ were simultaneously removed at pH range 5–6. Except for HPO4 2??, the high concentration coexistent ions such as Na+, K+, Cl??, NO3??, SO4 2?? and HCO3??, showed no significant e ect on the removal e ciency of both Pb2+ and Cd2+ under the experimental conditions. The coexistence of Mg2+, Ca2+ caused the reduction of Cd2+ removal, but not for Pb2+. The adsorption equilibrium for Pb2+ and Cd2+ could be excellently described by the Langmuir isotherm model with R2 > 0.99. The maximum adsorption capacity was calculated as 80.64 mg/g for Pb2+ and 21.45 mg/g for Cd2+. The adsorption processes followed the pseudo first-order kinetics model. MnO2-loaded D301 resin has been shown to have a potential to be used as an e ective adsorbent for simultaneous removal of lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solution.     

D301弱碱性阴离子交换树脂吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的研究

实验探索性地采用D301弱碱性阴离子交换树脂去除重金属废水中的C(rⅥ),为开发出一种高效、安全的处理、富集和回收含C(rⅥ)废水的新工艺提供理论和实验依据。静态吸附实验结果表明,该树脂对C(rⅥ)的吸附量随pH的降低而增加,在pH=2时吸附量为17.54 mg/g;吸附平衡过程符合Freundlich方程,且最大吸附量为94.34 mg/g;动力学和热力学研究表明,吸附过程为颗粒扩散控制,自发且放热的,表观吸附活化能为E(a300 mg/L)=16 243.06 kJ/mol;树脂的再生能力强,经过3次再生,树脂的平衡吸附量仅下降了8.54%;动态吸附和洗脱实验表明,以5%NaOH溶液为洗脱剂效果最佳,洗脱液浓度高达6 918.74 mg/L,浓缩了约69倍,且动态洗脱曲线没有托尾现象;该树脂尤其适合处理低浓度含C(rⅥ)废水(≤100 mg/L),且几乎不受流速限制。     

D301树脂对水中氟虫腈的吸附去除研究

文章研究D301树脂对水溶液中氟虫腈的吸附行为,考察了吸附剂投加量和溶液pH值对吸附效果的影响,对吸附等温线和吸附动力学进行了探讨,并选择不同模型对吸附曲线进行拟合。结果表明,当氟虫腈溶液初始浓度为2 mg/L,吸附剂投加量为0.5 g/L时,氟虫腈的去除率达到100%;溶液pH值在3⁹范围内变化时,对吸附的影响较小,相对而言pH=7的吸附效果最好;D301树脂对氟虫腈的吸附等温线满足Langmuir吸附等温式和Freundlich吸附等温式,相关系数R2分别为0.994和0.991;吸附动力学符合Lagergren一级反应方程。总体来说,D301树脂对氟虫腈的吸附效果较好。     

Biosorption of cadmium(Ⅱ) and lead(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solutions onto dried activated sludge

The removal of heavy-metal ions from aqueous solutions by using dried activated sludge has been investigated in batch systems. Effect of solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature were determined. The results of the kinetic studies showed that the uptake processes of the two metal ions（Cd（Ⅱ） and Pb（Ⅱ）） followed the pseudo-second-order rate expression. The equilibrium data fitted very well to both the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The FT-IR analysis showed that the main mechanism of Cd（Ⅱ） and Pb（Ⅱ） biosorption onto dried activated sludge was their binding with amide I group.     

Biosorption of cadmium(Ⅱ) and lead(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solutions onto dried activated sludge

The removal of heavy-metal ions from aqueous solutions by using dried activated sludge has been investigated in batch systems. Effect of solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, and temperature were determined. The results of the kinetic studies showed that the uptake processes of the two metal ions(Cd(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ)) followed the pseudo-second-order rate expression. The equilibrium data fitted very well to both the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The FT-IR analysis showed that the main mechanism of Cd(Ⅱ) and Pb(Ⅱ) biosorption onto dried activated sludge was their binding with amide I group.     

Adsorption of β-naphthalenesulfonic acid/sulfuric acid from their solution by weakly basic resin: equilibrium

Experiments for single and bisolute competitive adsorption were carried out to investigate the adsorption behavior of β-naphthalenesulfonic acid(NSA) and sulfuric acid (H2 SO4 ) from their solution at 25 ℃ onto weakly basic resin D301R. Adsorption affinity of sulfuric acid on D301R was found to be much higher than that of NSA. The data of single-solute adsorption were fitted to the Langmuir model and the Freundlich adsorption model. The ideal adsorbed solution theory(IAST) coupled with the single-solute adsorption models were used to predict the bisolute competitive adsorption equilibria. The IAST coupled with the Langmuir and the Freundlich model for sulfuric acid and NSA, respectively, yields the favorable representation of the bisolute competitive adsorption behavior.     

碱性树脂吸附碳酸氢盐水溶液中甲酸的研究

采用静态法测定了5种树脂对碳酸氢钾溶液中甲酸的交换吸附量，其中，D293强碱性阴离子交换树脂具有最高的交换吸附量，考察了温度对D293树脂交换吸附量的影响。在30℃条件下，利用静态法测定了甲酸在D293树脂上的吸附等温线，在低的甲酸浓度范围内，Langmuir方程比Freundlich方程能更好地描述树脂对甲酸的吸附；同时，测定了甲酸在D293树脂上的穿透曲线。     

2,4-二硝基酚在离子交换树脂上吸附与微波脱附

研究了717强碱阴离子交换树脂对水中2,4-二硝基苯酚(2,4-DNP)的吸附解吸性能,探讨了吸附的热力学和动力学特性及其微波脱附性能。结果表明:在pH=4～11时,该树脂对2,4-DNP有较强的吸附能力。Freundlich吸附等温方程能很好地描述吸附平衡数据,吸附过程为放热、熵减的自发过程。吸附动力学符合Lagergren二级速率方程,颗粒内扩散是吸附速率的主要控制步骤,可采用HSDM模型描述。以1mol/L HNO3+C2H5OH溶液作为脱附剂,采用微波辅助脱附再生,微波辐照累计5min时,酚脱附率可达90%以上。     

废啤酒酵母吸附水溶液中Ni(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)的性能

用废啤酒酵母吸附水溶液中N(iⅡ)和Cd(Ⅱ),考察了溶液pH值、重金属离子浓度、吸附时间和溶液中盐的浓度对吸附效果的影响。结果表明:溶液pH是影响重金属离子吸附的一个重要参数,中性条件利于吸附。废啤酒酵母对N(iⅡ)和Cd(Ⅱ)吸附速率较快,达到吸附平衡约需120min。废啤酒酵母吸附N(iⅡ)和Cd(Ⅱ)的实验数据对Langmuir等温式的拟合情况良好,pH=7时,废啤酒酵母对N(iⅡ)和Cd(Ⅱ)的最大吸附量分别为5.34mg/g和10.17mg/g。溶液中其它盐类物质的存在对重金属离子的吸附会产生较大的影响,pH=3条件下进行解吸附,解吸附率>90%。     

Adsorption of naphthalene onto a high-surface-area carbon from waste ion exchange resin

A high-surface-area carbon (KC-1) was prepared from waste polystyrene-based ion exchange resin by KOH activation and used for naphthalene adsorption. The carbon exhibited a good hydrophobic nature with developed porous structure, favoring the adsorption of organic compounds. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and total pore volume of KC-1 were 3442.2 and 1.68 cm 3 /g, respectively, which can be compared with those of KOH-activated carbons prepared from other precursors. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the adsorption of naphthalene onto KC-1. The equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Polanyi- Manes isotherms and agreed with the Polanyi-Manes Model. The adsorption of naphthalene depended greatly on the porosity of the carbon, and the dispersive interactions between naphthalene and carbon could be relatively weak. The pH variation in aqueous solution had little effect on the adsorption process. The equilibrium time for 0.04 g/L of carbon dose was around 5 hr. Different models were used to evaluate the kinetic data and the pseudo second-order model was suitable to describe the kinetic process of naphthalene adsorption onto KC-1. Regeneration of spent carbon could be carried out effectively by alcohol treatment. The results indicated that KC-1 was a promising adsorbent for the removal of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from aqueous solutions.     

大孔弱碱性树脂对2,4-二硝基苯酚吸附性能的研究

研究了2,4-二硝基苯酚在D301大孔弱碱树脂上的吸附性能。结果表明:在283～313K和研究的浓度范围内,吸附行为符合Freundlich和Langmuir等温式,D301树脂对2,4-二硝基苯酚的平衡吸附容量为235.9mg/g,动态吸附容量为121.3mg/g。用质量分数为10%的氢氧化钠溶液作脱附剂,温度333K,体积为6BV(床体积)时,脱附率为89.2%,树脂脱附再生后可反复使用,并回收2,4-二硝基苯酚。     

Biosorption of cadmium(II) and lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions onto dried activated sludge

Introduction Toxic metal compounds are frequently used in industrial processes and are widely distributed in the environment. Due to their extended persistence in biological systems and tendency to bioaccumulate as they move up the food chain, they repres…     

自然水体生物膜对铜(Ⅱ)、镉(Ⅱ)的吸附研究

以董铺水库为水源、天然纯棉绳为人工基质培养生物膜,研究了附着在棉绳表面上的自然水体生物膜吸附Cu和Cd的热力学和动力学特征及pH对吸附性能的影响.通过对实验数据进行非线型拟合,发现生物膜对2种重金属的吸附均符合Freundlich(F)和Langmuir(L)吸附等温式,对2种金属的吸附能力顺序是:Cu＞Cd.生物膜对Cu和Cd的吸附在数小时内可达到平衡,吸附过程符合二级动力学特征.通过调节吸附液的pH值,研究了不同pH对吸附效果的影响.结果表明,随着pH的升高,2种金属的吸附量明显增加.     

壳聚糖吸附酸性大红及Cu2+对吸附的增强作用

采用壳聚糖去除水中酸性大红,对壳聚糖吸附酸性大红的动力学、热力学以及溶液pH、盐浓度、外来Cu2+对吸附的影响进行了研究.准二级吸附动力模型、Langmuir、Freundlich及Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R)方程分别用来对吸附动力学和等温线进行分析.结果表明,酸性大红在壳聚糖上的吸附是一个化学吸附控制的准二级动力学过程.Langmuir、Freundlich和D-R方程都能较好地描述吸附等温线.溶液pH和温度对吸附有较大影响,而氯化钠浓度对吸附的影响较小.对吸附热力函数的计算结果显示ΔH0<0,表明吸附是一个放热过程.由D-R方程计算的吸附自由能E为9.5~10.7 kJ.mol-1,表明吸附过程为离子交换化学吸附.Cu2+对吸附的影响结果显示Cu2+能显著提高壳聚糖对酸性大红的吸附容量,另外建立了Cu2+浓度与吸附量增加之间的数学模型.     

Adsorption of catechol from aqueous solution by aminated hypercrosslinked polymers

Adsorption of catechol from aqueous solution with the hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent NDA-100 and its derivatives AH-1,AH-2 and AH-3 aminated by dimethylamine, the commercial resin Amberlite XAD-4 and weakly basic anion exchanger resin D301 was compared. It was found that the aminated hypercrosslinked resins had the highest adsorption capacities among the tested polymers. The empirical Freundlich equation was successfully employed to describe the adsorption process. Specific surface area and micropore structure of the adsorbent, in company with tertiary amino groups on matrix affected the adsorption performance towards catechol. In addition, thermodynamic study was carried out to interpret the adsorption mechanism. Kinetic study testified that the tertiary amino groups on the polymer matrix could decrease the adsorption rate and increase the adsorption apparent activation energy.     

给水厂污泥颗粒制备及对铜离子的吸附行为

将给水厂污泥和粘土以质量比1：2制备了一种新型污泥颗粒,考察其对溶液中铜离子的吸附行为.结果发现,污泥颗粒对水中铜离子具有良好的吸附效果,对铜的吸附量随时间增加而增大,180min时可达最大吸附量的85%左右,吸附过程符合准二级吸附动力学方程;Langmuir等温吸附方程式可较好拟合不同温度时的吸附数据,且温度越高,平衡吸附量越大.多种重金属离子共存时,污泥颗粒仍优先吸附铜离子.pH值可显著影响污泥颗粒对铜离子的吸附,pH<5时,污泥颗粒对铜离子的吸附去除率随pH值升高而增大,pH=5时吸附去除效果最好.采用扫描电镜、红外光谱等对吸附铜离子前后的污泥颗粒进行表征,发现污泥颗粒表面粗糙、孔隙发达,含丰富表面基团,能够通过静电吸引、羟基取代和表面络合吸附铜离子.     

Selective adsorption of silver ions from aqueous solution using polystyrene-supported trimercaptotriazine resin

Trimercaptotriazine-functionalized polystyrene chelating resin was prepared and employed for the adsorption of Ag(I) from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was characterized according to the following techniques: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller method. The effects of initial Ag(I) concentration, contact time, solution pH and coexisting ions on the adsorption capacity of Ag(I) were systematically investigated. The maximum adsorption capacity of Ag(I) was up to 187.1 mg/g resin at pH 0.0 and room temperature. The kinetic experiments indicated that the adsorption rate of Ag(I) onto the chelating resin was quite fast in the first 60 min and reached adsorption equilibrium after 360 min. The adsorption process can be well described by the pseudo second-order kinetic model and the equilibrium adsorption isotherm was closely fitted by the Langmuir model. Moreover, the chelating resin could selectively adsorb more Ag(I) ions than other heavy metal ions including: Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) during competitive adsorption in the binary metal species systems, which indicated that it was a highly selective adsorbent of Ag(I) from aqueous solution.     

三氯乙烯和镉复合污染地下水的凹凸棒土吸附性能研究

研究了凹凸棒土对人工模拟地下水中TCE和Cd2+两者复合污染的吸附行为。分别探讨了pH值、凹土投加量和振荡吸附时间对添加了重金属Cd2+前后凹土吸附TCE效果的影响;通过凹土对TCE的吸附等温线,讨论其吸附的内在机理。结果表明:pH值的改变对TCE吸附率的影响不大;凹土对TCE的吸附3d后达到平衡,吸附率达到71.34%;当凹土加入量为0.03g时,吸附率可达51.08%;TCE在凹土上的吸附符合Freundlich等温式。TCE和Cd2+经复合之后,TCE的吸附效果有所下降;吸附过程仍符合Freundlich等温式。     

吸附剂吸附除镉的研究进展

镉离子主要来源于电镀、电池、合金制造、颜料、采矿与选矿行业排放的工业废水。研究废水中去除镉离子的吸附方法具有重大意义。文章从吸附技术角度出发,对去除镉的离子交换、壳聚糖吸附、利用藻类物质的吸附、利用甘蔗渣吸附、利用电解铝的红泥吸附的技术进行了综述。     

稻秸对Pb2+的吸附特性

为探讨稻秸对废水中Pb2+的吸附特性,通过静态试验研究了吸附时间、离子浓度、吸附剂用量、初始pH和温度对稻秸吸附Pb2+的影响,并分析了其吸附动力学、等温吸附平衡及热力学特征.结果表明:稻秸吸附Pb2+的过程进行得很快,60 min时去除率达到85.64%,其吸附动力学过程以准二级动力学方程拟合效果最好;吸附等温线符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附模型,其中以Freundlich模型为最优,与吸附强度有关的常数在2～10之间,吸附容易发生,而使用Langmuir模型拟合最大吸附量的理论值可达13.67 mg/g;随着稻秸投加量的增加,Pb2+的去除率逐渐增加,单位吸附量逐渐减小;溶液初始pH对稻秸吸附Pb2+的影响较大,pH在4～6时去除率可达92%以上;稻秸对Pb2+的吸附受温度影响较小,吸附过程具有自发性、放热性和熵增特性.