Comparative study of performance efficiency for threekinds of photoreactors

This paper generalized the structure characteristics of three different configuration photoreactors: annular type irradiated by lamp, solar shallow pond and solar flat plate and compared their performance efficiency at the same reaction condition level which was determined by the first order rate constant in photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange in TiO₂ suspension. It was demonstrated that solar could be considered as an alternative light source in photoreactors not only for low running and construction cost but also for their successful performance. The evidence has proved the feasibility of solar photocatalytic oxidation as an additional or alternative advantage stage of wastewater treatment process.      

Comparative study of performance efficiency for three kinds of photoreactors

This paper generalized the structure characteristics of three different configuration photoreactors: annular-type irradiated by lamp, solar shallow-pond and solar flat-plate and compared their performance efficiency at the same reaction condition level which was determined by the first order rate constant in photocatalytic decolorization of methyl orange in TiO2 suspension. It was demonstrated that solar could be considered as an alternative light source in photoreactors not only for low running and construction cost but also for their successful performance. The evidence has proved the feasibility of solar photocatalytic oxidation as an additional or alternative advantage stage of wastewater treatment process.     

苯在TiO2上的气相光催化反应性能

在一个循环式光反应系统中进行了苯的气相光催化实验.考察了催化剂与反应物的接触面积,催化剂用量和苯的初始浓度对苯光催化氧化反应的影响.结果表明,催化剂与反应物的接触面积和光强度的共同作用是影响苯光催化降解速度的主要因素.实验条件下,催化剂接触面积增加2倍,反应时间缩短260min.再将光强度提高1倍,反应时间缩短320min;催化剂用量对反应过程的影响主要是催化剂层吸附能力的影响,随着催化剂用量的增加这种影响逐渐减弱.当催化剂用量从0.1g增加到0.5g时,反应时间缩短100min,而从0.5g增加到1.5g时只缩短20min;当系统中苯的浓度较低时,随着初始浓度的增加反应中苯的浓度变化增大,但在高浓度系统中初始浓度的影响不明显.     

Photocatalytic decolorization of dispersol dyes

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Photocatalytic decolourization of reactive dyes

The photocatalytic degradation of reactive dyes with solar-irradiated TiO2 was investigated in these experiments which showed that: (1)the decolourization efficiency are determined by pH value, catalyst amount and light intensity; (2) the reactive dyes decolourized rapidly (cleavageld be biologically degradated more easily, the toxicity decreased considerably after photodegradation.The results demonstrated that the photocatalytic process would become an efficient and safe method for colour wastewater treatment and would be very useful for explaining the reaction mechanism and decolourising structure-reactivity relationship. of the azo linkage), but the intermediates needed more time to transform to further degradation products, and finally to produce CO2; (3) the main products were identified to be alkanes and alkyl amines which cou     

LPWCO method for the treatment of high concentrated organic wastewater

Based on wet air oxidation (WAO) and Fenton reagent, thispaper raises a new low pressure wet catalytic oxidation(LPWCO)which requires low pressure for the treatment of highlyconcentrated and refractory organic wastewater. Compared withgeneral wet air oxidation, the pressure of the treatment(0.1-0.6MPa) is only one of tens to percentage of latter(3.5-10MPa). Inaddition, its temperature is no more than 180℃.Compared withFenton reagent, while H2O2/COD(weight ratio) less than 1.2, theremoval of COD in the treatment is over twenty percents more thanFenton's even the value of COD is more than 14000mg/L. In thispaper, we study the effect factor of COD removal and the mechanismof this treatment. The existence of synergistic effect (catalytic oxidation and carbonization) for COD removal in H2SO4-Fenton reagent system under the condition of applied pressure and heating (0.1-0.6MPa, 104-165℃) was verified. The best condition of this disposal are as follows:H2O2/COD(weight ratio)=0.2-1.0, Fe2+ 0.6×10-3 mol, H2SO4 0.5mol, COD>1×104mg/L, the operating pressure is 0.1-0.6MPa and temperature is 104-165℃. This method suit to dispose the high-concentrated refractory wastewater, especially to the wastewater containing H2SO produced in the manufacture of pesticide, dyestuff and petrochemical works.     

平板构型太阳光催化反应系统中甲基橙降解脱色研究

利用太阳光作为光源，采用自制的非聚焦开放式平板构型光催化反应装置和二氧化钛悬浆体系，以甲基橙溶液光催化脱色为依据，考虑了不同催化剂投加量、溶液初始浓度、ＵＶ辐射强度及体系流量等因素条件下，反应系统的运行情况．实验结果表明，自制的平板式太阳光反应系统能够很好的利用太阳光，在较广泛的运行条件下均能达到较高的去污效果．本实验的最佳运行条件为：平均ＵＶ光照强度２６９３Ｗ／ｍ２的晴天，ＴｉＯ２催化剂投加量１ｇ／Ｌ，系统循环流量１６００Ｌ／ｈ，初始浓度为２０ｍｇ／Ｌ的甲基橙溶液１５Ｌ，光照１ｈ色度去除率达８３６％以上，光照２ｈ达９７９％．     

三氧化钨光催化法脱色处理化纤厂废水

以WO3粉体作为催化剂对化纤厂废水采用光催化氧化法进行脱色处理,讨论了光催化氧化法的反应机理,以及化纤厂废水的pH值、光催化剂的投入量、光照时间各因素对废水色度去除率的影响。实验结果表明：WO3粉体的投入量为1．000g／L,pH值为3．00时,利用300W高压汞灯光照7h后,废水试样的吸光度由0.596降低至0．020,色度去除率达到96．6％。     

氧化沟技术在永夏矿区生活污水处理中的应用

介绍了永夏矿区中心居住区生活污水处理的工艺流程及氧化沟技术处理生活污水的设计特点、运转情况，结论认为该技术具有管理简单、投资较少等方面优点，是一项值得推广的污水处理技术。     

焦化废水外排水的TiO2光催化氧化深度处理及有机物组分分析

采用TiO₂光催化氧化法对焦化废水外排水进行深度处理,考察反应时间,TiO₂投加量及废水初始pH对TOC降解的影响,通过GC/MS技术对处理前后废水中的有机物组分进行定性分析,解析废水在TiO₂光催化氧化过程中有机物的降解规律. 结果表明:在反应时间为3 h,TiO₂投加量为4 g/L,以及不调节废水pH的条件下,焦化废水外排水经TiO₂光催化氧化深度处理后TOC的去除率为53.40%,有机物种类由66种降为23种;TiO₂光催化氧化法对除多环芳烃外的其他有机物均有较好的去除效果;不同种类有机物在TiO₂光催化氧化过程中的降解速率为石油烃>醇、酸、醛等有机物>酚>苯系物>含氮杂环有机物>多环芳烃.      

多相光催化水处理技术发展过程中反应器研究的现状及发展趋势

根据多相光催化反应器的发展历史 ,将多相光催化反应器分为传统的反应器、以机理研究为目的的反应器和以实用化研究为目的的反应器 ,着重介绍了以实用化研究为目的的多相光催化反应器近年来在国内外的研制及应用情况 .阐明了新型多相光催化反应器的研究与设计是光催化氧化法实用化过程中需要解决的关键问题之一 ,论述了目前存在的问题以及今后的发展方向.     

水解酸化—生物接触氧化工艺处理啤酒废水工程实例

应用以生化法为主体的工艺：水解酸化—生物接触氧化法处理啤酒厂废水，通过治理工程实际运行，结果表明：处理的出水水质稳定、处理效率高。     

多相光催化氧化处理焦化废水的研究

以TiO2为催化剂,H2O2为氧化剂,在紫外光照射下采用多相光催化氧化法对焦化废水进行处理,探讨了影响COD去除率的各种因素,得出了最佳工艺条件。结果表明该法可使焦化厂二沉池废水COD从350.3mg/L降至53.1mg/L,COD去除率可达84.8%。还发现多相光催化氧化工艺并不适合处理高浓度废水,但通过提高H2O2的投加量可扩大多相光催化氧化法处理焦化废水的浓度范围。     

不同酸碱条件下胶体迁移对含水介质渗透性的影响

文章通过室内土柱实验,研究胶体在迁移过程中对含水介质渗透性的影响以及不同酸碱条件下含水介质渗透性变化的特征,并从胶体的动电性质、粒径分布以及胶体与含水介质的空间排斥效应等方面对含水介质渗透性变化的微观机理进行探讨。研究结果表明,胶体溶液的酸碱度对含水介质的渗透性影响很大,中性和碱性条件下,胶体容易迁移,含水介质渗透性变化小。不同酸碱度条件下胶体粒度、表面动电性质不同:在酸性环境下出水胶体表面zeta电势和淌度为正,由于胶体带正电荷与含水介质表面所带负电荷的电性相反,电荷之间的吸引作用使胶体沉积作用加大,随着胶体聚沉在含水介质表面上渗透性急剧降低;在碱性环境中出水胶体表面zeta电势和淌度为负,电荷间的排斥作用将极大地促进胶体在含水介质中的迁移。     

加压生物氧化法处理乙胺废水

用加压生物氧化实验设备处理乙基胺及异丙胺生产的工艺废水,进水ＣＯＤ１０００－３０００Ｍｇ／Ｌ设备ＣＯＤ容积负荷Ｆｖ为４－２３ｋｇ（ｍ＾３．ｄ）,经过２－６ｈＣＯＤ去除率为８５％－９５％,出水〈１５０ｍｇ／Ｌ,达到国家规定的排放标准。     

生物处理港口含油污水

着重讨论两种生物处理工艺对港口含油污水的处理效果，试验结果表明；经ＰＡＣ絮凝──生物接触氧化工艺处理，出水ＣＯＤ＜１００ｍｇ／Ｌ，达到排放标准。     

CeO_2改性MnO_2/γ-Al_2O_3催化剂的制备及在有机废水处理中的应用

利用浸渍焙烧法制得CeO2改性MnO2/γ-Al2O3催化剂,在常温常压下采用微波诱导氧化技术,将废水中有机污染物氧化分解。初步探讨了催化剂的制备条件,结果显示,当Ce(NO3)3浸渍浓度0.01mol/L,Mn(NO3)2浸渍浓度0.05mol/L,焙烧温度350℃,焙烧时间3h时,催化剂性能达到最佳。研究了微波辐照时间、催化剂投加量、微波功率、pH值、初始浓度等因素对甲基橙处理效果的影响。在优化条件下对甲基橙的处理效果达95%以上。     

超声波诱导催化氧化处理有机化学实验室废水的初步试验

采用超声波诱导催化氧化处理有机化学实验室废水,探讨了超声辐射时间等因素对有机化学实验室废水处理效果的影响,获得了最佳工艺条件：100mLCOD为4632mg／L的废水（初始pH值=3）在超声辐射反应时间50min,Fe^2＋离子浓度为100mg/L,H2O2浓度为800mg／L的条件下,COD去除率达到79％。     

Treatment of desizing wastewater from the textile industry by wet air oxidation

This paper describes the application of wet air oxidation to the treatment of desizing wastewater from two textile companies. A two-liter high temperature, high pressure autoclave reactor was used in the study. The range of operating temperatures examined was between 150 and 290℃, and the partial pressure of oxygen ranged from 0. 375 to 2.25 MPa. Variations in pH,CODCr and TOD content were monitored during each experiment and used to assess the extent of conversion of the process. The effects of temperature, pressure and reaction time were explored extensively. More than 90 ％ CODCr reduction and 80 ％ TOC removal have been obtained. The results have also been demonstrated that WAO is a suitable pre-treatment methods due to improvement of the BOD5/CODCr ratio of desizing wastewater. The reaction kinetics of wet air oxidation of desizing wastewater has been proved to be two steps, a fast reaction followed by a slow reaction stage.     

高级氧化技术处理有机废水探讨

探讨了高级氧化技术的特点和机理,介绍了以O3、H2O2、TiO2为基础的典型高级氧化技术的应用情况,高级氧化技术可有效处理水中难降解的污染物,在水处理中具有广阔的发展前景.