共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 328 毫秒
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针对目前小尺度大气扩散模型欠缺和油气田站点挥发性有机物(VOCs)大气污染特点,文章基于空间分析方法和高斯烟羽模型,开发了多物种、多排放方式的小尺度反应性大气扩散模型体系,分别为点源无化学反应、点源有化学反应、面源无化学反应、面源有化学反应四种模型;并选用 SharpDev项目开发框架进行
系统搭建,Python语言开发后台计算过程,使其能根据用户输入参数自动计算油气田站点源及面源污染扩散情况、并完成可视化展示,该软件系统的开发和应用为类似油气田站点大气污染物扩散、迁移和预判提供了方法基础。 相似文献
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小型核设施气载放射性核素大气扩散计算模式 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从小型核设施环评项目的特点出发,对高斯烟羽模式进行了简化,建立了正常工况下气载放射性核素偏保守的大气扩散简单模式,该模式包括高架源模式和低架源模式。将大气扩散简单模式与高斯烟羽模式进行实例计算比较。通过计算和分析,大气扩散简单模式计算所需参数少,计算结果偏保守,并与高斯烟羽模式计算结果相近,能够反映下风向各处地面空气核素浓度的分布情况。 相似文献
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油田开发中石油污染对土壤影响预测:以塔里木北部油田为例 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
油田开发中石油污染对土壤影响预测──以塔里木北部油田为例柳军荣,雪克热提,袁国映(新疆环保所乌鲁木齐830011)塔里木盆地是我国新发现的油田之一,继塔里木南部克克雅油田发现之后,在塔里木盆地中部、北部也相继发现了较大的油气田。我们在塔北油田环境影响... 相似文献
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成都市春季大气飘尘目标变换因子分析 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
对成都市大气飘尘(SMP〈10μm)用目标变换因子分析(TTFA)作源解析。结果表明,主要排放源及其贡献为,道路交通尘(16.8%),冶金尘(19.2%),垃圾与草木焚烧烟尘(24.8%),燃煤飞灰(54.3%),大气尘污染以煤烟为主。 相似文献
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基于正定矩阵因子分解(Positive Matrix Factorization,PMF)模型对石马河河口及滨岸带中多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)污染来源及贡献率进行解析,分别于2021年4月(平水期)和7月(丰水期)采集地表水及表层沉积物水样进行研究分析。结果表明:该研究区内PAHs污染的来源主要包括原油泄漏、煤炭燃烧、交通运输及生物质燃烧等,其中,交通运输源对研究区沉积物中PAHs的贡献率超过60%;交通运输及煤炭燃烧源对地表水中PAHs的贡献率之和接近80%;原油泄漏与交通运输源对研究区悬浮颗粒中PAHs的贡献率之和接近70%。研究结果可为石马河地区水资源绿色开发与PAHs污染治理提供一定依据。 相似文献
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日本月岛机械株式会社引进德国SHU公司(SarbergHlterUmweltechnikGmbH)技术,开发了碧空2000型直接石膏法排烟脱硫装置。碧空2000的处理工艺属石灰石膏法的一种,通过向石灰石乳的吸收液内添加少量甲酸(HCOOH),即可有... 相似文献
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This article provides an objective integrated environmental impact assessment of the Gulf War consequences. The environmental
damage was evaluated and found to be significantly exaggerated by the media and speculators. The total amount of burned crude
oil was calculated to be 52.5 million metric tons. Most air pollution field measurements were comparable to those found in
Western cities. The health impact associated with such exposure was found to be minimal. The total amount of oil released
into the marine environment ranged between 2 and 4 million barrels, much less than the early estimation of 12–14 million barrels.
The marine environment is expected to recover much faster than earlier anticipations. Unlike water and air, soil pollution
is likely to persist for some years to come. 相似文献
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George Teke Forbid Julius Numbonui Ghogomu Günter Busch Reinhard Frey 《The Environmentalist》2011,31(3):254-262
Lack of technology and efficient management of solid waste coupled with poverty have motivated most developing countries to
sort for cheap waste disposal methods with negative consequences on the environment. Open burning at waste dumps causes serious
toxicological impacts. Most organic solid waste excluding plastics when burned cause considerably little environmental pollution.
However, non-stoichiometric combustion of waste plastics produces significant amounts of various aliphatic and aromatic compounds,
acidic gases, dust and smoke. These products pollute the air, water and soil generating significant health problems with related
socioeconomic impacts on human, animals and plants. Some of these pollutants are toxic and/or carcinogenic, form acid-rain
and influence climate change. Critical discourse and research on environmental toxicology resulting from air pollution with
related health risk and impacts have been catalysed by the enactment of major environmental regulations and increased awareness.
The new clean air act amendment of 1990 is estimated to require about $25billion annually for its implementation in the United
States, indicating the gravity of the pollution problem. Understanding, controlling and mitigating the impacts of chemical
pollution from multiple sources related to open burning of plastics is complex. This paper uses content analysis of relevant
literature and field observations to analyse, evaluate and identify characteristic pollutants including their transmission
potentials, sources and impacts on human health with the assessment, prevention and management of related risk. An affordable
technology-based approach applied within a bottom-up management strategy to prevent and control pollution offers a sustainable
solution underpinned by resource and energy recovery from waste. 相似文献
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废混油钻井液资源化利用技术研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
废钻井液是钻井作业中主要污染源之一,其中含有重金属、碱、盐、油、有机物等多种污染物质,特别是废混油钻井液,油含量更高,是较难解决的问题之一,也是制约油田企业环境质量提高和可持续发展的一大难题。以废钻井液处理为代表的资源化利用技术可有效治理井场废物,将处理后的废钻井液直接用来做井场围堰和平整地面的材料,既可有效地利用废物,消除污染源,又可缓解因污染引起的工农矛盾,减少由钻井开发引发的污染赔款,实现社会效益、经济效益和环境效益的统一。 相似文献
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油品储运对环境的影响及其防治措施 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
油品在储运过程中产生一定的损耗,造成对大气环境污染,从而影响人类健康,着重分析装油、卸油等过程中的损耗,并且给出了常压油罐油品储存、液体石化产品装车挥发损耗量,还提出了科学的油品储存管理,改进储运操作;将拱顶罐改造成内浮顶式油储罐和采用密闭化装车等防治污染措施,以保护环境,提高经济效益。 相似文献
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采用网络信息平台和水环境模型相结合的技术手段,构建了钱塘江突发水污染事故应急系统。该系统旨在帮助应急管理部门快速应对钱塘江流域突发性水污染事故,以及保障G20峰会期间钱塘江流域的饮用水源地安全。该系统以水动力模型、溢油和化学品泄漏模型为核心,采用空间关系型中央数据库作为数据管理系统,基于网络GIS技术开发而成。通过对钱塘江流域历史事故的反演,验证了该系统的准确度和可靠性。在该系统的基础上,构建了钱塘江流域典型流场库和典型突发水污染事故情景库,以实现快速应对G20峰会期间钱塘江流域突发水污染事故风险。 相似文献