一种新型光路设计在重金属分析仪中的应用

针对在线重金属分析仪中电源波动、水体浊度等干扰问题,提出一种新型的光路设计方案。实验表明,采用该设计的在线水质分析仪PhotoTek 6000的抗干扰能力大大提高,电源稳定性达到0.6%;同时当试样中浊度变化4个数量级时,测量结果与实际值的相对偏差小于2%。     

一种二氧化碳无线监测系统的设计与实现

设计了一套由下位机检测系统和上位机监控系统组成的一体化的二氧化碳无线实时监测系统。该系统通过无线传输设备将检测的二氧化碳浓度、环境温度、环境湿度、环境风向、环境风速等信息通过 GPRS 网络传输到监控中心。详细设计了下位机检测系统的硬件电路,分析了 GPRS 无线网络的特点和原理,介绍了 TCP/IP传输协议,给出了上位机监控系统的类图。     

基于韦伯-费希纳定律的一种新型环境质量评价法

韦伯-费希纳定律是定量描述人类感觉强度与外界环境刺激强度关系的心理物理学公式。文章基于对该定律做出的三点假设,提出了一种以外界环境对人体的危害程度为依据的环境质量评价方法,并在此基础上构造出环境质量评价数学模型。最后运用评价实例说明了该评价方法的科学性和优越性。     

一种新型微生物絮凝剂的制备及对Cu2+去除性能的探究

以城市污水处理厂的脱水污泥为原料,通过超声波细胞破碎制备微生物絮凝剂。采用控制变量法考察污泥浓度、超声波破碎时间对絮凝剂絮凝效果的影响,并探究絮凝液的投加量、pH值、温度、振荡时间、振荡频率、共存金属等因素对5 mg/L Cu^2+模拟废水的去除效果,分析了微生物絮凝剂去除Cu^2+的作用机理。结果表明:当污泥质量浓度为100 g/L,超声波破碎时间15 min时,絮凝剂的絮凝效果最好;当pH值为6.5,温度50℃,絮凝液投加量40 mL,振荡时间1 min,振荡频率200 r/min时去除效果最佳。     

水和废水中含油水样的成套采集技术研究──一种新型适用的含油水样采样器

在查阅大量文献的基础上,分析总结了现有采样器的优缺点,并依据采集有代表性含油水样的理论要求,设计制作了一种独具特色而又科学适用的新型合油水样采样器。本采样器可用于采集含油水样和其它水样。     

A new protease assay system using gelatin thin film for monitoring indoor air quality

Airborne particulates have a major influence on the quality of indoor environments, which in turn affects human health. Both allergens and proteases are major etiological factors in allergic disease. Thus, the monitoring of environmental protease particulates is very important for the management of allergic disease. Protease-monitoring systems have been introduced in industry, but have not been applied to domestic settings, probably because of the high cost and many complex steps involved in these systems. In this study, we developed an indoor protease-monitoring system which can easily detect protease particulates without need for pre-treatment of dust samples or complex measuring instruments such as fluorescent plate reader. As a protease substrate, gelatin thin film (GTF) was adopted to evaluate small amounts of house dust particulates. The principle of this assay is based on the hydrolysis of GTF. Protease molecules spread from a particulate to GTF can hydrolyze the gelatin, thereby producing a spot on the GTF. This hydrolyzed spot visualized by staining was much larger than the particulate size, making visible to naked eye. The GTF method facilitated the observation of a subtle increase in protease particulates fallen on the GTF after the turnover of a used bed-quilt. The newly developed GTF method seems to be a suitable tool for protease monitoring at home.     

固体电解质SO_2（SO_3）传感器测定烟道气中的SO_2

本文论述了利用北京科技大学研制的固体电解质ＳＯ２（ＳＯ３）传感器对测定烟道气中的ＳＯ２进行的研究。利用该传感器测定烟道气中的ＳＯ２,其测量范围为：５０—１７０００ｍｇ／ｍ３,相对标准偏差小于４．０％。因而具有测量范围宽,精确度高以及稳定性好的特点。设计的试验样机的总体噪声和漂移小于１．０ｍｇ／ｍ３,同时具有体积小．重量轻和操作简单的特点。     

新型侧链聚硅氧烷液晶高分子用作毛细柱气相色谱固定液的研究

以合成的新型胆甾酯类侧链聚硅氧烷液晶高分子作固定液 ,涂渍在弹性石英毛细管柱上 ,具有较高的柱效和选择性 ,热稳定性好 ,适于分离多种异构体混合物。     

填充柱气相色谱法测定空气和废气中的乙酸

在用蒸馏水吸收空气或废气中的乙酸后,采用5%PEG20M+0.5%H3PO4chromo-sorbHP80～100目2m×2mm玻璃填充柱,GC直接进样测定蒸馏水中的乙酸,方法简便、快捷,变异系数为2%～5%,加标回收率为85%～106%,最低检出浓度为0.16mg/m3。     

中心切割顶空气相色谱法测定复杂有机废水中的苯系物

建立了中心切割顶空气相色谱法测定复杂有机废水中苯系物的方法。该方法采用DB-1701色谱柱对样品进行初级分离,当目标组份出峰流出时切换至HP-INNOWAX柱进一步分离,避免了大量复杂基质对苯系物分析的干扰。该方法具有较好的准确度和精密度,苯系物的检测限可达到0.000 3~0.000 4 mg/L,采用外标法定量时,分析标准曲线的相关系数在0.999 8~0.999 9之间,苯系物回收率为86.8%~89.7%。     

四川盆地东部气田天然气泄漏现状研究

天然气在采、输、销过程中因设备质量、压力变化等因素造成泄漏,利用680HVM气体分析仪对四川盆地东部气田进行天然气泄漏检测,研究集输系统的天然气泄漏现状,了解泄漏经济损失,掌握泄漏安全隐患,为生产运行、安全管理、环境保护提供技术支持。     

水和废水中酞酸酯类化合物气相色谱分析方法研究

本文采用定容萃取气相色谱法测定水和废水中酞酸酯类化合物,对不同的色谱柱、检测器、萃取溶剂、盐浓度和干扰等因素进行比较。本方法简便、准确,本方法检出限为１０～６０ｍｇ／Ｌ,相对标准偏差小于５６％,线性范围：ＧＣＥＣＤ为１０１０００μｇ／Ｌ,ＧＣＦＩＤ为１０μｇ／Ｌ１０ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

Flue gas treatability studies: a tool for techno-economic control of industrial air pollution

Air pollution problems in developing countries have gained larger fraction in the last decade especially due to non functioning and non implementation of effective air pollutioncontrol devices in industries. In industrial wastewater management, adequate treatability studies are conducted to arrive at a techno-economic treatment option. However no suchstudies were done for reducing air pollution or emission fromindustries until now in India. Little information was availableabout such studies in other countries. This article provides information about a novel technique known asflue gas treatability studies and to undertake such studies, a pilot scale system is installed in Air Pollution Control Divisionof M/s National Environmental Engineering research Institute, NEERI, Nagpur-20, India. This study is a tool for techno-economicselection of air pollution control systems specially for small/medium scale industrial emissions.     

西夫(Schiff)碱侧链聚硅氧烷毛细管柱气相色谱固定相的制备与色谱性能

将合成的西夫 (Schiff)碱侧链聚硅氧烷高分子液晶化合物用作毛细管柱气相色谱固定相 ,具有较高的柱效 ,热稳定性较好 ,最高柱温可达 2 80℃ ,对苯的各种取代物、酚类及多环芳烃有良好的选择性 ,尤其对位置异构体有独特的分离效果。     

A new mussel certified reference material (CRM 477) for the quality control of butyltin determination in the marine environment

The analytical techniques used for the determination of butyltin compounds in biological tissues are generally based on a succession of steps (e.g., extraction, derivatization, separation, detection) which are all prone to systematic errors. An interlaboratory programme performed at the EU level and based on a stepwise approach has enabled one to identify and remove most of these errors and to improve considerably the state of the art so that certification of a mussel reference material has been made possible. This paper describes the preparation of this mussel reference material containing monobutyltin (MBT), dibutyltin (DBT) and tributyltin (TBT), the homogeneity and stability studies and the analytical work performed for the certification of the contents of MBT [Sn(C4H9)3+], DBT [Sn(C4H9)2(2+)] and TBT [Sn(C4H9)3+]. The results obtained by a group of expert EU laboratories are discussed along with the methods used to certify the mass fractions (based on dry mass) of monobutyltin (1.50 +/- 0.28 mg kg-1 as MBT cations), dibutyltin (1.54 +/- 0.12 mg kg-1 as DBT cations) and tributyltin (2.20 +/- 0.19 mg kg-1 as TBT cations). The paper also describes an attempt to certify the content of triphenyltin in this material which, although reasonable agreement was found among the participants' results, failed owing to the instability of this compound. This new material will be of great support to ensure the quality control of butyltin determination in shellfish, as carried out in environmental monitoring programmes.