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《资源开发与市场》2019,(4)
以南疆生态脆弱区和田地区为例,选取2004—2016年的相关数据,运用"两山"理论及环境与发展互动关系理论揭示了生态与经济系统影响机理。基于生态承载力、生态弹性力、经济开发强度与经济开发速度4个指标构建动态演化模型,分析了各要素间的互动关系。研究发现:①2004—2012年和田地区生态承载力与弹性力均呈上升趋势,具有较强的趋同性,经济开发强度与开发速度上升趋势明显。②生态与经济系统各要素间相互影响和制约,以大量的要素投入为代价带来的经济增长对生态环境产生的抑制作用较强,致使生态系统脆弱性和敏感性日益加剧。依据"两山"理论制定保护和发展规划,推进"绿水青山与金山银山"的协调共生和可持续发展,对有效促进南疆地区的经济发展和生态文明建设具有重要意义。 相似文献
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生态系统管理是一种可持续的系统的自然资源和环境管理理念,综合了生态、经济和社会的发展要求。以大别山区岳西县为例,探讨了山地生态旅游开发的生态系统管理,提出从整体上综合分析旅游流对山地自然生态环境的影响,研究具有关键性影响的生态要素和生态过程,采取适应性管理,确保旅游客流、当地民众和自然生态环境之间的和谐。 相似文献
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《资源开发与市场》2019,(9)
生态城市发展水平的高低有赖于绿色开放空间系统质量的优劣,生态城市建设应首先着眼于绿色开放空间系统的结构优化和功能提升。选择呼和浩特建成区为研究对象,从分析绿色开放空间系统的结构特征和评价功能效应入手,找出城市人居环境改善的科学依据。以梳理系统要素为基础,应用RS、GIS等技术,从系统格局层面的空间变化和景观格局层面的指数变化等不同方面,剖析绿色开放空间系统的空间特征,建构绿色开放空间系统功能效应评价体系,结合雷达图表模型评价其功能效应。结果表明:近年来,防护绿地对水系空间的保护和附属绿地对呼和浩特市人居环境的提升作用显著,但绿色开放空间系统要素结构的较大变化削减了系统的功能效应。 相似文献
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云南省是我国面向东南亚、南亚的重要陆路通道,要打造国际型现代物流中心,必定需要一支高素质的物流人才队伍。未来10年,云南省的物流人才缺口将在30万人以上,物流业成为最大的紧俏职业之一。分析云南物流人力资源供给的特征以及影响供给的因子,对云南省物流人力资源的开发和配置具有现实指导意义。 相似文献
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B2C服饰类电商企业逆向物流网络联建研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在电子商务环境下,由于网络购物的兴起,导致大量退货逆向物流和回收逆向物流.鉴于国内多数电商企业没有完善的逆向物流系统,相关学术研究和出版物较少,网购产品中81.8%是服装鞋帽类产品,故提出一种基于电商环境下服饰类行业联合构建逆向物流网络.该网络模型旨在降低两大逆向物流的回收成本,形成规模效应和溢出效应.因此,构建了0-1MILP数学模型和模拟数据,借助Lingo9.0计算软件找出模型的最佳运营状态,为服饰类电商企业高效完成逆向物流活动、提高服务质量、增强行业竞争力提供思路. 相似文献
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Richard H. McCuen 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》1974,10(3):486-497
ABSTRACT: Sensitivity and error analyses were used to examine the following objectives: (1) analyze the structure of commonly used evaporation models; (2) provide estimates of the effect of variation in meteorological factors on observed evaporation rates; and (3) estimate the effect of error in measurements of the meteorological factors. The results indicate error in evaporation estimates resulting from measurement error in meteorological factors is probably much less than five percent of the computer evaporation rate. Variation with both time and space of the importance of the different meteorological factors is demonstrated. The sensitivity analysis indicates that the Fractional-Evaporation Equivalent method is structurally inadequate and the Weather Bureau model is more flexible than the Penman model. However, the Penman model appears to provide more realistic estimates of the importance of the various meteorological factors. 相似文献
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安全可靠度对冷链物流库存策略优化起着至关重要的作用.以云南松茸为研究对象,将安全可靠度纳入冷链物流库存操作流程中,建立基于安全可靠度的冷链物流库存理论模型,从安全可靠度管理产生的高额成本等方面分析存在的困难,据此提出应从实施联合库存管理、基于安全可靠度的冷库软硬件优化升级等方面对基于安全可靠度的云南松茸冷链物流库存策略进行优化. 相似文献
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Current environmental issues emerging in the world are reflected in the environmental legislation of several countries. Because environmental issues are important, industries actively seek ways in which to reduce their environmental footprint. One effective method is through the use of reverse logistics. Reverse logistics is the concept of reusing used products in order to reduce wastes and to increase an industry's environmental performance and resulting profits. Stock selection, transportation, centralized collection, data collection, refurbishing, and remanufacturing are some of the more commonly utilized reverse logistic operations. An effective reverse logistics network is essential for increasing the flow of goods from customers to producers. The objective of this paper is to develop a multi-echelon reverse logistics network for product returns to minimize the total reverse logistics cost, which consists of renting, inventory carrying, material handling, setup, and shipping costs. Industries need to give more attention to the task of collecting used products from customers and establishing collection facilities. In this study, a mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model is developed to find out the number and location of initial collection points and centralized return centers required for an effective return and collection system, and also the maximum holding time (collection frequency) for aggregation of small volumes of returned products into large shipments. Two solution approaches, namely genetic algorithm and artificial immune system, are implemented and compared. The usefulness of the proposed model and algorithm are demonstrated via an illustrative example. 相似文献
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企业逆向物流与循环经济立法之联系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
逆向物流给企业带来效益的同时,也带来了生态物流的理念.逆向物流涉及了经济与生态环境两大系统,显现出了自身的特点与积极因素.逆向物流充分体现了循环经济发展之宗旨.加速循环经济的立法,并以相应立法来推动企业尽快实施物流活动是至关重要的. 相似文献
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Sensitivity indices, which rank factors pertinent to surface and subsurface runoff pathways, were used to identify phosphorus
source areas in riparian zones of 15 northern Minnesota lakes. Watershed models were first developed using a geographic information
system (GIS). Empirical models were then developed correlating water quality with land use, lake morphometry, and riparian
sensitivity. Base models of forested, cultivated, pasture/open, wetland and residential land use within 100, 200, 400, and
2000 m of the study lakes were regressed on total phosphorus and chlorophyll-a. Area-weighted groundwater and surface runoff sensitivity indices were then incorporated into each model and tested for significance.
Within the 200-m buffer, the total phosphorus base model was improved by including the groundwater index alone. The chlorophyll-a base model at 200 m was improved by including: (1) the groundwater index alone, and (2) both the groundwater and surface
runoff sensitivity indices. Results suggest that surface and subsurface runoff analysis of potential source areas can improve
decision making for lake riparian management. 相似文献