水库消涨区土地资源的合理利用--以富水水库为例

分析了湖北省富水水库消涨区土地资源利用的现状和集约利用的难点.根据水土资源的时空分布特点和利用现状,将水库消涨区划分为常年利用带、短期利用带和汛期利用带,估算了各带的可利用面积,探讨了各带的主要利用方向,提出了水库消涨区土地合理利用的建议和发展两栖林业的新概念,并针对消涨区特点,阐述了集约利用和开发实践中应注意的几项原则.     

黑泉水库汇流区的基本特征与生态保护对策

黑泉水库是青海省最大的水利枢纽工程,也是西宁市区的重要水源工程,保护汇流区的生态环境是保护水源、水质的关键。从分析黑泉水库汇流区的特征入手,提出了保护汇流区生态环境与实现可持续发展的主要对策。     

长江中上游土地资源合理利用分析

长江是我国第一大河,长江流域是我国重要的经济发展地区。据统计,长江流域地区的工农业总产值、粮食产量、许多重要工业产品和农副产品、文化科学技术力量都占全国的1/3以上。长江中上游地区(指武汉以上长江水系各江河流经的地区,包括青海、甘肃、西藏、云南、四川、贵州、湖北、陕西、河南、湖南等省区的部分地区)     

宁波市水库水源涵养林营造经验浅析

结合宁波市水源涵养林2010—2014的造林试验,观测了宁波市两块试验地不同苗木生长、保存情况,重点分析苗木成活率与高程、淹没天数、淹没深度的关系。结果表明:苗木成活率与淹没天数、栽植高程极显著关系,与淹没水深相关性不明显;淹没天数是决定苗木成活率的最关键因素,淹没天数不宜超过10 d;起种高程不宜为平均水位,应至少提高2~5 m,并结合汛限水位综合考虑;苗龄不宜太大,苗龄小比苗龄大苗木易成活;早期养护对提高苗木的成活率有重要作用;苗木支撑的牢固性亦很重要。     

数值模拟法在水库坝址区地下水环境影响分析中的应用

水利水电工程的建设对所在区域的地下水流场有较大影响,保护受影响区域的地下水环境将十分重要。本文应用Visual MODFLOW软件模拟某水库坝址区周边的地下水流场,模拟结果表明由于大坝的修建,地表水水头抬升较高,而大坝作为一个隔水边界,其坝基处的地下水流场被隔断,该处的水头压力较高。而坝址上游的地表水位抬升,使得地下水流动方向发生逆转。大坝的修建对区域地下水环境造成了较为明显的影响。     

栖霞市土地资源的合理开发利用

1栖霞市自然地理概况栖霞市地处胶东半岛中部，位于北纬37°5′～37°32′，东经120°33′～121°15′，东西长63．45km，南北宽51．75km，全市总面积2017．73km2，其中丘陵区971．1bm2、低山区743．3km2、平地303．4km2，分别占全市总面积的48．13％、36．84％、15．03％，属于典型的低山丘陵区。栖霞市素有“胶东屋脊”之称，平均海拔178．72m，全市最高点为艾山主峰814m，境内群山起伏，丘陵绵延，以东部的牙山、北部的艾山为纽带，29条海拔400～500m的山岭相连，绵延于2座高山之间，形成全市西北至东南走向的山丘脊背。以山脊为分水岭，…     

合理开发土地资源的新成就

苏联共产党第27次代表大会,曾对土地资源及其合理开发,其中包括灌溉和沼泽排干给予了极大的关注。这次对土地资源的开发和改良问题这样重视不是偶然的,而是由于多方面的原因。其主要原因是人民对粮食、工业、经济动植物原料的需求量增加,以及对农业、食品加工工业所生产的各种质量产品及其它日用必需品需求量的提高。正如《苏联1986—1990年以及到2000年经济与社会发展基本方向》、大众信息出版物上的讨论与代表大会论坛所强调指出的那样,粮食计划的完     

论土地资源的永续利用

土地资源是最重要的自然资源,而土地资源的永续利用是实现社会、经济和生态可持续发展的基础。本文分析了土地资源永续利用的重要性,讨论了土地永续利用的概念、内涵、判据、利用方向和模式等内容,并在此基础上提出了实现我国土地资源永续利用的生态经济措施。     

宜兴市土地资源的可持续利用

土地资源是人类赖以生存的基本物质基础和十分宝贵的资源，寻求土地资源的可持续发展已成为当今世界土地科学研究的一个重要课题。宜兴市地处长江三角洲经济区，快速的经济发展已对有限的土地资源产生了较大的影响。文章通过对宜兴市土地资源进行可持续利用的初步研究，分析了土地资源的基本特征和可持续利用中存在的制约因素，提出了可持续利用土地资源的对策。     

REAPPRAISAL OF WATER SUPPLY RESOURCES IN DELAWARE RIVER BASIN USING SYNTHETIC HYDROLOGY1

ABSTRACT The 60's drought (1961 1966) which hit the Northeastern United States, had its center over the Delaware River Basin and caused water supply shortages to New York City, Philadelphia, and many other towns and industries in the Basin. Until this event occurred, the existing water supply sources and those planned for the future had been considered adequate, as they were designed for the worst drought of record (usually the 1930-31 drought). In view of this “change in hydrology,” the Delaware River Basin Commission authorized a study (DRBC Resolution 67-4) to re-evaluate the adequacy of existing and planned water supply sources of the Delaware River Basin and its Service Area (New York City and northern New Jersey). Synthetic hydrology is a tool which can be used to overcome many of the limitations of the traditional approach. By analyzing generated streamflow traces in this study, it has been determined that there is a definite relationship between the accumulated rainfall deficiency during the drought and the return periods associated with various durations of runoff in the drought. This indicated that generated traces can be used to standardize the hydrology over an area where the intensity of drought varied. This represented an important facet in the study, because it provided a means to equalize the effects of this drought over the study area, and gave the Delaware River Basin Commission more information so that it could better plan and manage its water resources equitably, not only for the people within the Basin, but for the New York City and northern New Jersey areas as well. Synthetic hydrology was used to determine yield-probability relationships for 50-year periods, and storage-yield-frequency relationships for existing and planned water-supply reservoirs. It was also used to determine yield-probability relationships for reservoir systems within the Basin. In the study, it was determined that monthly streamflow traces and uniform draft rates could be used in yield analysis because of the magnitude of the reservoirs and because seasonal variations of draft rate are small in the study area. Although it was found that with the streamflow generating models (first order Markov) in common use today, it is not possible to definitely determine the actual frequency of a very severe historic drought, it is possible to place a drought in perspective by using synthetic hydrology. The study showed that it is a useful tool in determining water availability over a basin and is useful in studying water management problems such as interbasin transfers, and reservoir systems operations.     

鲁班水库水体营养状态

四川三台鲁班水库属于大型湖库,多年来除具有特色景观作为旅游景点外,主要用于发展水产养殖业。随着时间的延续,养殖规模的不断扩大,湖库的自净能力越来越差,使有机物污染不断加重,水质越来越差,出现富营养化现象,对水环境造成了不利影响。近年来,为了改变湖库水环境质量,调整转化湖库功能,恢复水环境质量,加强了对其水质的监测,其中的营养状态指标是湖库水环境质量的主要评价指标。评价结果,除秋季和冬季个别月份外,其余各月均有测点达到轻度富营养化及中度富营养化。     

东部油田采出污水处理的长远对策

从综合治理,合理利用采出污水的长远利益出发,针对东部油田高含水阶段的新特点,提出地面高效处理,地下控水稳油相结合的治理策略,探讨了相关的技术和方法,并讨论了采出污水回注利用中应加强研究的几个问题。     

塔城市喀浪古尔水库水质调查及治理措施

介绍了塔城市喀浪古尔水库的基本情况,并对喀浪古尔水库水质调查,分析纳污情况,从保护备用水源,减少农村生活污染、农业污染,加强周边保护、开发协调管理等方面探讨了加强水库防范治理的措施.     

LAND USE CHANGE PATTERNS BY LOCATION WITH RESPECT TO A RESERVOIR1

Much research has been done to determine the benefit of a water resources development to society as a whole. Some research has explored the benefit of such a facility to a region. Very little research exists on the effects of a reservoir on the immediately surrounding area. The general hypothesis of this study is that the spatial patterns of land use change are influenced by economic characteristics of the reservoir and reservoir area. Several hypotheses concerning the effects of relative location on a peninsula are tested using analysis of variance. The data used for the analysis is based on Lake Cumberland, a reservoir in southern Kentucky. The analysis indicates that there exists significant patterns of land use change around the lake and on peninsulas.