佛山市污水处理厂运行现状及对策浅析

针对佛山市城镇污水处理厂实际运行水质远小于设计值、进水浓度偏低的现状,探讨了问题产生的原因,并提出了可供选择的对策方案.     

浅谈城市污水处理厂设计规模的确定

文章分析了我国城市污水处理厂的建设规模与实际运行情况存在差距的基本原因,并就城市污水处理厂设计中的进水水质、水量预测、工程分期建设等方面的问题进行了探讨.     

我国城镇污水处理厂水质监管问题及对策研究

介绍了目前我国城镇污水处理厂的发展现状以及将其作为污染源纳入监管的背景;从进水水质监管、出水水质监管和对污水处理厂内部运营管理监管的角度,结合对部分地区行政管理部门、污水处理厂的调研,分析了污水处理厂出水水质不达标的主要原因;针对我国的实际情况并借鉴国外经验,从政府部门的监管职能、政企的合作、监管技术和末端污染控制方面,给出了加强污水处理厂运行监管效果的对策。     

造纸企业污水排入城镇二级污水处理厂的应达到地方规定的进水标准

关于造纸工业企业污水排入城镇污水处理厂执行标准的有关问题,国家环境保护总局经研究,近日做出解释,全文如下:根据《造纸工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 3544-2001),排入设置二级污水处理厂城镇下水道的造纸工业废水,应达到地方规定的污水处理厂进水标准。地方污水处理厂进水标准由省级人民政府制定或由省级人民政府委托其环保部门制定。在未规定地方污水处理厂进水标准的地区,造纸企业污水排入城镇二级污水处理厂,在保证城镇污水处理厂出水水质符合《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)的前提下,可执行《污水综合排放标准》(GB …     

CWSBR~污水处理技术

由大连迈克环境科技工程有限公司开发的CWSBR污水处理技术,适用于日处理量为中小型城镇污水处理厂规模,处理进水水质以生活污水为主。主要技术内容一、基本原理单个CWSBR池分为控制区、反应区和平衡区。控制区连续进水、平衡区连续出水使CWSBR工艺三个区域容积变化并使分隔三个区域的两个水帆随这种容积变     

多模式AAO工艺在小型城镇污水处理厂的应用

某小型城镇污水处理厂一期工程设计规模为1.0×104m3/d,设计出水水质执行《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)的一级A标准.设计采用多模式AAO+混合絮凝+活性砂过滤工艺,尾水采用紫外线消毒.运行结果显示系统处理效果稳定,在低碳氮比进水条件下脱氮除磷效果良好.工程总投资为4900万元,直接...     

辽宁省城市污水处理厂运行存在的问题及对策

城镇污水处理厂的稳定运行,是保障流域水环境质量的重要因素。本文介绍了辽宁省污水处理厂建设基本情况,分析了影响污水处理厂正常运行的主要问题,提出了保证污水处理厂正常运行的对策。     

小城镇污水处理厂水质的影响因素研究

文章以小城镇污水处理厂的进水水质为研究对象,从排水体制、管网完善程度、人口结构与组成、生活习惯与方式等方面分析了水质的影响因素,为小城镇污水处理厂的设计与运营提供参考。     

MBR一体化装置在城市应急污水处理工程中的应用与改进

随着污水排放量及监测指标的增加,某污水处理厂现有处理能力已不能满足达标要求,亟需对污水处理能力进行提升。本研究采用"活性污泥+MBR膜法"为一体化污水处理工艺,通过增加气浮、投加药剂及改造好氧池等方式对该装置的主要单元工艺进行改进。工程运行结果表明,改进后的MBR一体化装置在处理进水浓度波动较大的生活污水时,运行稳定,且出水水质各项指标均优于《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)一级A标标准,为生活污水的应急处理工艺的运行维护提供借鉴和参考。     

各省动态

安徽:主攻污水处理厂建设运行安徽省近日明确,今年下半年将进一步推进污染减排。把污水处理厂和燃煤电厂脱硫项目的建设运行作为主攻方向,从下半年开始,对没有按时间进度建成投运污水处理厂、提高污水处理厂运行负荷和不     

SBR中好氧颗粒污泥的培养

采用竖式SBR作为反应器,利用城市污水处理厂剩余污泥作为接种污泥,通过不间断运行培养出好氧颗粒污泥。实验结果表明,采用非限量曝气模式好氧颗粒污泥降解模拟污水的效果较好,其COD去除率可达98％以上。曝气量对好氧颗粒污泥的形成和稳定具有重要影响,当气速为26．5m／h时,好氧颗粒污泥的性状和处理有机废水效果最佳。同时好氧颗粒污泥对pH值的变化不明显,当pH为5—8范围内,其COD去除率都可达到85％以上。但是未经驯化的好氧颗粒污泥对对硝基苯酚和对氯苯酚两种芳香类有机物较敏感,而对硝基苯酚对其毒性更大。当对硝基苯酚和。对氯苯酚浓度为10mg／L时,其COD去除率仅为42．5％和52％。     

Operation strategy of a sequencing batch reactor for simultaneous removal of wastewater organic matter and nutrients

The Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) system employing activated sludge process is an alternative wastewater treatment technology. A cycle of the conventional SBR system generally consists of five periods, with complete aeration during the React period to oxidize the organic matter and nitrify the ammonium-nitrogen of wastewater. Laboratory-scale reactors were used to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating alternative aerobic-anoxic-aerobic stages within the React period for simultaneous removal of organic matter, N and P. Two cycles of SBR process per day were maintained.Under the operation strategy of 0.75-h fill, 8-h react (with continuous aeration), 3.25-h settle, draw and idle periods, the treatment performance became consistent after running the system for two to four cycles (1–2 days). The percentages of both BOD₅ and COD removal were around 94% from Cycle 2 onwards, the BOD₅ content dropped from initial 251 mg L⁻¹ to less than 14 mg L⁻¹ in the final effluent. A steady nitrification (about 97%) was obtained from Cycle 4 onwards, with 1 mg NH₄⁺-N L⁻¹ and 25 mg NO₃⁻-N L⁻¹ present in the final effluent. This suggested that the time required for SBR system to acclimate and reach an equilibrium state was relatively short when compared with the time needed for continuous flow activated sludge system. The findings also show that 4-h aeration during the react period was long enough to achieve more than 90% nitrification. With the incorporation of a 3-h anoxic stage after the initial 4-h aeration of the react period, a satisfactory denitrification process was observed, with nitrate level dropped from 27 to around 8 mg L⁻¹ within 3 h. The second aeration stage did not cause significant change in wastewater nitrogen content. The wastewater phosphate content declined rapidly during the initial 4-h aeration and P-release was not observed during the anoxic stage. A slight reduction of P was found in the second aeration stage suggesting that more P-uptake occurred in this stage. A 12-h cyclic SBR system with the incorporation of 4-h aerobic, 3-h anoxic and final 1-h aerobic stages into the 8-h react period was demonstrated to be able to remove C, N and P simultaneously.     

EMMC process for combined removal of organics, nitrogen and an odor producing substance

In order to improve the process performance regarding the removal of organics, nitrogen, and an odor-causing compound (sulfide) contained in domestic wastewater, an entrapped-mixed-microbial cell (EMMC) with and without humic substances for both fixed and moving carrier reactors and conventional suspended growth culture (i.e. conventional activated sludge process) were investigated simultaneously. Both synthetic (simulated to the organics concentration of general domestic sewage) and actual domestic wastewater were investigated under operational conditions of 12 h of hydraulic retention time (HRT) with 1 h of aeration and 1 h of non-aeration, and 6 h of HRT with continuous aeration, at a room temperature of 25 +/- 2 degrees C. It was found that entrapping humic substances in the EMMC carriers had no impact on the removal of organics, nitrogen, and the odor-producing compound. Additionally, the performance of the EMMC moving carrier system for the removal of these pollutants is similar to that of the EMMC fixed carrier system. In general, the EMMC associated systems which provide high solids retention time achieve a better removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen, and the odor-producing substance than the suspended growth system for both HRTs of 6 h (continuous aeration) and 12 h (1 h of aeration and 1 h of non-aeration). Both the fixed and moving carrier EMMC processes, therefore, have the potential for improvement or replacement of the existing conventional activated sludge process with regard to improving the effluent qualities (such as COD, nitrogen and odor-producing compound) for reuse/disposal.     

间歇曝气短程硝化控制新途径的初步试验研究

采用SBR,以间歇曝气的方式控制短程硝化,分别研究了在限制曝气量和不限制曝气量条件下,亚硝酸盐的积累情况.试验表明,间歇曝气可以作为短程硝化的控制条件,在一定条件下,亚硝化率可达到90%以上.限制曝气量时,在低DO情况下,采用间歇曝气控制短程硝化更为有效、经济.     

用常规活性污泥法及一体化氧化沟新工艺处理生活污水的效果分析

对常规活性污泥法和一体化氧化沟工艺在中原油田基地污水厂的应用效果进行了对比分析。月度抽查对比监测发现,两种生物处理法对有机物均有较好的去除效果。一体化氧化沟工艺是一种新型的生活污水处理技术,它对SS、NH3-N的去除效果优于常规法。连续三天的日均值监测结果表明,新工艺对各种污染物的去除效果达到91%以上。这种工艺集通氧、沉淀、废渣分离和回收为一体,占地面积小,操作简单,在中原油田污水站取得了较好的应用效果。     

污水处理厂微孔曝气器选型的探讨

曝气器是污水处理厂的核心设备。目前广泛运用的鼓风机微孔曝气是一种高效节能的曝气方式。选择适当的微孔曝气器是非常重要的,不仅保障污水处理效果稳定,运行成本较低,还能节省设备投资和维护费用。结合微孔曝气器在污水处理厂的运用效果,分析了各种微孔曝气器的性能、特点和优劣,并对污水处理厂微孔曝气器的选型进行了探讨。     

溶解氧对好氧颗粒污泥影响的研究进展

好氧颗粒污泥技术是一种新颖废水处理技术。溶解氧(DO)是好氧颗粒污泥形成和稳定运行的一个重要参数。好氧颗粒污泥需要的曝气量大,能耗高。高曝气量带来的高DO浓度不利于氨氮通过SND去除。当DO扩散在颗粒内部受到限制时,颗粒中心形成的厌氧层不利于颗粒污泥的长期稳定运行。本文系统分析了DO浓度对好氧颗粒污泥影响的国内外研究现状,对好氧颗粒污泥中DO浓度这一重要参数的研究进行了总结。研究在低DO浓度下保持好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性有利于降低运行成本,采取合适的方法降低颗粒内部的扩散限制有利于增强颗粒的稳定性能。     

化学强化SBR工艺生物脱氮除磷试验研究

本文以脱氮为优势条件进行了SBR工艺生物脱氮试验,确定了脱氮模式的运行工艺参数,即瞬时进水-曝气3h-缺氧2h-沉淀闲置1h-出水。SBR在此模式下运行,COD、NH3-N、TN的去除率分别为90％、95％、60％以上。系统对TP的去除也比较稳定,进水TP为6．57—10．4mg／L时,出水为1．68—4．23mg／L。对SBR脱氮后出水投加AlCl3进行化学除磷,试验发现,投加量为20mg／L时出水,TP均能达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918—2002）一级标准的B标准。     

Evaluating aeration techniques for decreasing phosphorus export from grasslands receiving manure

Because surface-applied manures can contribute to phosphorus (P) in runoff, we examined mechanical aeration of grasslands for reducing P transport by increasing infiltration of rainfall and binding of P with soil minerals. The effects of three aeration treatments and a control (aeration with cores, continuous-furrow "no-till" disk aeration perpendicular to the slope, slit aeration with tines, and no aeration treatment) on the export of total suspended solids, total Kjeldahl P (TKP), total dissolved P (TDP), dissolved reactive P (DRP), and bioavailable P (BAP) in runoff from grasslands with three manure treatments (broiler litter, dairy slurry, and no manure) were examined before and after simulated compaction by cattle. Plots (0.75 x 2 m) were established on a Cecil soil series with mixed tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.)-bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] vegetation on 8 to 12% slopes. Manures were applied at a target rate of 30 kg P ha(-1), and simulated rainfall was applied at a rate of 85 mm h(-1). Although the impact of aeration type on P export varied before and after simulated compaction, overall results indicated that core aeration has the greatest potential for reducing P losses. Export of TKP was reduced by 55%, TDP by 62%, DRP by 61%, total BAP by 54%, and dissolved BAP by 57% on core-aerated plots with applied broiler litter as compared with the control (p < 0.05). Core and no-till disk aeration also showed potential for reducing P export from applied dairy slurry (p < 0.10). Given that Cecil soil is common in pastures receiving broiler litter in the Southern Piedmont, our results indicate that pairing core aeration of these pastures with litter application could have a widespread impact on surface water quality.     

Intermittently aerated EMMC-Biobarrel (entrapped mixed microbial cell with Bio-barrel) process for concurrent organic and nitrogen removal

The PEMMC-Biobarrel (packed-bed of entrapped mixed microbial cells with Bio-barrel) process and MEMMC-Biobarrel (moving EMMC-Biobarrel) process were investigated for enhancing concurrent organic and nitrogen removal with applied intermittent aeration. For the PEMMC-Biobarrel process, the EMMC-Biobarrel carriers were employed at a packing ratio of 20%. In the MEMMC-Biobarrel process, the EMMC-Biobarrel carriers with a packing ratio of 10% were added along with the activated sludge (AS) in the bioreactor. Three different hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 9, 6 and 4 h were applied. Aeration was provided intermittently at time schedules of 1 h air on/1 h air off, 1 h on/1.5 h off and 1 h on/2 h off. Nitrogen removal in the PEMMC-Biobarrel system was not improved by increasing the intermittent non-aeration time period. On the other hand, the MEMMC-Biobarrel process enhanced nitrogen removal with increasing non-aeration time even though the SCOD/N(TIN) ratio decreased from 6 to 4. Significant denitrification during the aeration cycle was observed in the MEMMC-Biobarrel process. The MEMMC-Biobarrel process demonstrated the most efficient organic and nitrogen removal at an HRT of 6 h with an intermittent aeration time schedule of 1 h on/2 h off. Nitrogen removal of 80% was achieved, which was about 15% higher compared to the AS system. TCOD and SCOD removal efficiencies were 80% and 75%, respectively.