江西修水县梅子坑钼矿床地质特征及成因初探

梅子坑钼矿位于九岭钨钼成矿带,为中型石英脉型钼矿床.矿区内地层和岩浆岩钼元素含量分别是克拉克值的43倍和21倍.矿体赋存于双桥山群修水组浅变质岩系中及北西向断裂控制的裂隙密集带中;矿石主要类型为石英脉型,矿石有益组分为辉钼矿,形成于石英-黄铁矿-辉钼矿-黄铜矿早期矿化阶段.矿床可能与隐伏的燕山期细粒花岗岩、花岗斑岩岩脉有成因关系,属与燕山期岩浆活动有关的中-高温热液矿床.北西向断裂密集带,硅化、云英岩化、黄铁矿化围岩蚀变,燕山期花岗岩类及双桥山群浅变质岩系,是其主要找矿标志.     

内蒙古流沙山金(钼)矿床地质特征及矿床类型的划分

流沙山矿床是近年来在内蒙古西部发现的一处金 (钼 )矿床。金 (钼 )矿化主要在海西期花岗闪长岩内呈大脉细脉和线脉产出 ,其空间展布形态受一系列环状断裂带控制。金 (钼 )矿体多为环状到半环状透镜体 ,局部地段为扁豆群和楔状体。矿石的金属矿物有辉钼矿、白钨矿、辉铋矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿、钼钙矿、自然金和银金矿。脉石矿物有石英、钾长石、斜长石、黑云母和角闪石 ,其中辉钼矿Re Os同位素等时线年龄为 (2 6 0±10 )× 10 6a。矿体的围岩蚀变主要有硅化和钾化 (钾长石化和绢云母化 ) ,次为绢英岩化和青盘岩化。本文重点研究了与矿化有关的花岗岩类岩相学和岩石化学 ,阐述了金 (钼 )矿床的矿化特征 ,划分了矿床的蚀变分带。在对比流沙山金 (钼 )矿床与国内外经典性斑岩型金属矿床主要特征的基础上 ,将流沙山 (钼 )矿床确定为深成岩型斑岩金 (钼 )矿床     

多拉纳萨依金矿床地球化学晕的数据处理及其找矿意义

多拉纳萨依原生金矿床,属于非石英脉型。该矿床金的成矿元素组合主要为Au-Bi-W-Ag,其原生与次生晕指示元素组合分别为Au-Ag-Bi-Sb-Mo-W-As和Au-Ag-Bi-Sb-Mo-W-As-Hg,两者具相似性。Au,As,Sb,Cu,Pb的分布型式在原生晕和次生晕中基本相同。次生晕应由原生晕或原生矿化体等元素引起,因此可直接根据次生异常场找寻与确定原生矿化体。     

广东始兴良源铌钽铷钨多金属矿床的发现及其意义

广东始兴良源铌钽铷钨多金属矿床是近年来中国地质调查局在南岭东段地区实施钨多金属矿调查评价中找到的具有大型远景的铌钽铷钨多金属矿床。最新成果显示该矿床主要有五种矿化类型:云英岩型铌钽铷钨多金属矿、白云母化钠长石花岗岩型铌钽铷钨多金属矿、石英脉型钨矿、破碎蚀变岩型钨锡多金属矿和矽卡岩型白钨矿,且以白云母化钠长石花岗岩型铌钽铷钨多金属矿潜力最大。矿区含矿花岗岩具明显分异演化特征,自上向下为:似斑状花岗岩—中细粒黑云母花岗岩—中细粒二云母钠长石花岗岩—中细粒白云母化钠长石花岗岩—云英岩的分异演化系列;含矿花岗岩蚀变分带清晰,自上向下为:白云母化、绿泥石化和钾长石化三带,矿体以云英岩、细粒白云母化钠长石花岗岩为主,石英脉次之,矿石矿物主要有黑钨矿、白钨矿、锡石、辉钼矿、钨铅矿、钼铅矿、砷铋矿、辉铋矿、辉锑矿、褐钇铌矿、铌钽矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿、黄铜矿、黄铁矿、铀钍矿、白云母等;初步研究表明广东始兴良源铌钽铷钨多金属矿体可能为深部含矿岩浆经分异演化形成,矿床具有品位稳定、规模大的特点,成矿元素复杂,主要为Nb-Ta-Rb-W-Mo-Sn-Bi组合,并富含Be、稀土、Ag等。该矿床的发现不仅填补了南岭东段地区找矿新突破,而且对整个南岭乃至华南地区铌钽铷钨多金属矿找矿具有重要的指导作用。     

江西大吉山钨矿地质特征

大吉山钨矿床处于赣南加里东褶皱区九连山断隆西南端。区内断裂发育，岩浆活动强烈。稀土、铌钽和钨的富集成矿，与岩浆的演化多次侵入直接相关。该矿床矿化以浸染状蚀变花岗岩型黑钨矿化与石英脉型钨矿化为主。浸染状蚀变花岗岩型黑钨矿床与石英脉型钨矿床的时空关系、组分上的继承和演化，体现了该矿床在成因上为浸染状蚀变花岗岩型黑钨矿床与石英脉型钨矿床形成的复合型钨矿床。     

崇义县八仙脑钨锡矿床特征

通过对八仙脑矿区的地质工作,发现本区存在破碎带-石英脉复合型、石英细脉带型、云英岩-石英细(网)脉带型等一体多型钨锡多金属矿床类型,本文对其地质特征进行了较为详细的论述,总结了区内各钨锡多金属矿床类型找矿评价的工作方法。     

尼日利亚北部乔斯-布库鲁杂岩体中花岗岩的含矿性

<正> 尼日利亚名列世界主要锡和铌铁矿产地之中,其主要来源是近代的冲积矿床和砂积矿床。据信,这些矿床都是来自尼日利亚北部年轻花岗岩省的侵入体。众所周知,在整个花岗岩体中均分散有一些主要的锡石和铌铁矿,而且目前正从分解了的母岩和云英岩化(带)脉以及石英条带中开采锡石和铌铁矿。然而,在年轻的花岗岩省中部明显缺乏脉状锡矿床。 当这类易于开采的冲积矿床日趋枯竭时,人们正把相当大的注意力集中于勘探大型的浸染矿床。这类     

江西安远—寻乌地区钼矿成矿地质特征及资源潜力分析

江西安远—寻乌地区钼矿受鹰潭—安远北北东向超壳推(滑)覆断裂带控制,钼成矿与燕山期小型花岗斑岩、似斑状花岗岩关系密切,成岩成矿年龄均为燕山期。研究区钼矿划分为园岭寨式斑岩型钼矿和铜坑嶂式岩浆—热液型钼矿两类。本文重点分析安远—寻乌地区钼矿成矿地质特征及资源潜力,共圈出10个钼矿预测区,运用含矿地质体体积法估算资源潜力近20万吨。     

河南嵩县安沟钼矿地质特征

河南嵩县安沟钼矿区构造、岩浆活动强烈,具有良好的成矿地质条件。以构造控矿为主,石英-方解石脉是钼矿的主要矿石类型,属石英-方解石脉型钼矿。本文介绍了安沟钼矿床地质特征,总结了钼矿找矿标志。     

浙江青田石平川钾长花岗岩特征及其成因探讨

青田县石平川钼矿床是浙江省现已发现的规模最大的钼矿床,多数人认为石平川钼矿床的形成与钾长花岗岩有密切关系.本文主要从岩相学、岩石地球化学、LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年代学等方面研究石平川钾长花岗岩,并探讨其成岩环境及成因.研究表明,石平川岩体属于高钾钙碱性、弱过铝质S型花岗岩,其形成于早白垩世晚期挤压环境,源岩物质主要是壳源,并有少部分幔源物质成分参与.     

青春 责任 梦想 行动 2015年千名青年环境友好使者夏令营侧记

<正>"我们处在世界正在发生重大变革的时代,中国也正在实现着民族伟大复兴的关键时刻。青年人要承担什么责任?""我们应该团结更多的青年人,向全社会积极宣传环保理念,保护我们共同生存的家园。"一名青年使者刚刚回答完贾峰主任的问题,全场响起的是掌声——雷鸣般的掌声!8月17日,2015年"千名青年环境友好使者夏令营"在成都市温江区正式开营。环境保护部宣传教育中心主任贾峰亲临现场,并为青年学子们讲授了热情     

Asbeste Arten,Entstehung, Bedeutung,Problematik

Types of asbestos are distinguished not only by structure, chemical compositon, shape of aggregates, and length and quality of fibers, but also by its formation. Though consisting of quite common elements, deposits are formed only under very special conditions. Its unique combination of properties has created over 3000 fields of application (about 70% in asbestos cement). Great efforts have been made to substitute all types of asbestos by harmless, similarly cheap and versatile synthetic fibers, owing to the unquestioned carcinogenic properties of all asbestos dusts. However, development of such fibers has not made any remarkable progress until recently. Consequently risk to workers in mining and manufactoring, consumers, outsiders, and the environment should be kept as low as possible by intensifying precautions and diminishing emissions.     

Effect of CaO on retention of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, W and Pb in bottom ashes from fluidized-bed coal combustion power station

This work was conducted to evaluate whether Ca-bearing additives used during coal combustion can also help with the retention of some other elements. This work was focused on the evaluation of bottom ashes collected during four full-scale combustion tests at an operating thermal fluidized-bed power station. Bottom ashes were preferred to fly ashes for the study to avoid interference from condensation processes usually occurring in the post-combustion zone. This work focused on the behaviors of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu,Zn, W, and Pb. Strong positive correlations with CaO content in bottom ashes were observed（for all four combustion tests） for S, As, Cl and Br（R = 0.917-0.999）. Strong inverse proportionality was calculated between the contents of Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn and CaO, so these elements showed association to materials other than Ca-bearing compounds（e.g., to aluminosilicates, organic matter, etc.）. Somewhat unclear behaviors were observed for W, Cu, and V. Their correlation coefficients were evaluated as statistically ＂not significant＂, i.e., these elements were not thought to be significantly associated with CaO. It was also discovered that major enrichment of CaO in the finest bottom ash fractions could be advantageously used for simple separation of elements strongly associated with these fractions, mainly S and As, but also Cl or Br. Removal of5% of the finest ash particles brings about a decrease in As concentration down to 77%-80% of its original bulk ash content, which can be conveniently used e.g., when high As content complicates further ash utilization.     

珊瑚钨锡矿硅质尾矿中Cd、As、Zn、F富集迁移及环境污染

硅质尾矿在释放中性矿山废水(NMD)时所伴生的多元素复合污染问题值得重视。本文以桂东北珊瑚矿尾矿作为研究对象,通过分析该尾矿的组构、元素富集及迁移特性,筛选出主要污染元素,并探讨尾矿胶结层对元素富集迁移的影响。结果表明:(1)该尾矿中Cd、As、Zn及F富集程度较高、可交换态含量(易迁移释放量)较大,是主要的污染元素,而Cu、Pb、Tl产生污染的可能性较小;(2)胶结层对重金属具有再富集作用,但其对可交换态Cd、As(Tl)再富集明显,而对可交换态Cu、Pb、Zn再富集则不明显。胶结层中次生伊利石、石膏等胶结物趋向于吸附富集活性可交换态Cd、As。这表明该尾矿可能迁移释放出含Cd、As浓度较高的NMD。研究表明,硅质尾矿风化释出NMD的同时,可能伴生Cd、As、Zn等重金属以及F的复合污染。     

Algorithmen,gehirne, computer

In order to say something substantial about the fundamental limits of machines (especially of computers) and of human calculations, we must explicate the concept of algorithm. Such an explication is provided by the Turing machine. Thus, problems have been discovered which cannot be solved algorithmically. For other problems there are problem-solving procedures, but no elegant algorithms. That men are fundamentally superior to machines has not been shown as yet.     

意大利的金枪鱼、箭鱼、鸬鹚以及家燕等体内的多氯萘、多氯联苯、多氯二苯-p-二恶英、多氯二苯并呋喃以及p,p''''-DDE

我们曾对从意大利收集的金枪鱼、箭鱼、普通鸬鹚以及家燕体内的p,p'-DDE、多氯联苯同类物(PCBs)、多氯二苯-p-二恶英(PCDDs)、多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)以及多氯萘(PCNs)浓度进行过测量.     

The monitoring,Evaluation, reporting,verification, and certification of energy-efficiency projects

In this paper, we present an overview of guidelinesdeveloped for the monitoring, evaluation, reporting,verification, and certification (MERVC) ofenergy-efficiency projects for climate changemitigation. The monitoring and evaluation ofenergy-efficiency projects is needed to determine moreaccurately their impact on greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions and other attributes, and to ensure that theglobal climate is protected and that countryobligations are met. Reporting, verification andcertification will be needed for addressing therequirements of the Kyoto Protocol. While the cost ofmonitoring and evaluation of energy-efficiencyprojects is expected to be about 5–10% of a project'sbudget, the actual cost of monitoring and evaluationwill vary depending on many factors, including thelevel of precision required for measuring energy andGHG reductions, type of project, and amount of fundingavailable.