我国民营企业对美国直接投资的空间分布特征研究——以华为技术有限公司为例

自2005年以来,中国对外直接投资快速增长,美国是中国直接投资的重要东道国。而我国民营企业以其产权明晰、机制灵活、运作高效等优势成为我国对美国直接投资中最具发展潜力和最活跃的一部分。根据国家商务部提供的数据,对我国民营企业对美国直接投资的现状、投资的行业分布、投资的方式、投资的空间分布等进行了分析,并以我国最大的民营企业华为技术有限公司为例,研究其在美国的直接投资空间分布特征,从而为我国民营企业在美国直接投资的区位选择提供参考依据。     

中国企业对东盟跨国并购的区位选择及其决定因素

以2001—2016年我国企业在东盟国家实施的152起并购事件为研究对象,在对我国企业在东盟进行并购的国别、行业进行描述性分析的基础上,选用条件Logit模型进行实证分析,考察了我国企业对东盟跨国并购区位选择决策的影响因素。描述性分析结果显示,我国企业在东盟并购的区位分布极不平衡,多集中于东盟中高收入国家;比较我国企业对东盟并购的区位分布与我国对东盟10国直接投资存量情况,发现两者之间存在明显差异。结果表明:我国企业倾向于在市场规模大、经贸联系紧密、宏观经济稳定、政治制度和法律制度环境较健全的东盟国家进行并购投资。     

制度因素对我国能源类企业OFDI区位选择的影响——基于“一带一路”倡议背景

基于2005—2016年我国能源类企业对全球35个国家或地区689笔对外直接投资(OFDI)流量数据,利用Heckman两阶段选择模型,探究各国或地区政治、经济和法律制度对我国能源类OFDI投资选择和投资规模的影响。结果表明:我国能源类企业偏向于选择制度环境较差、经济自由度不高和营商法律不健全的国家进行投资,而投资规模较大的投资行为仍发生在政治、经济、法律环境均较好的国家。通过对研究样本进行分类,发现我国对"一带一路"沿线国家的能源投资具有明显的资源寻求偏向,大规模的投资往往发生在我国周边国家,且政治、经济和法律制度缺陷不会影响我国能源类企业的国别选择与投资规模的扩大。     

中国与美国对外直接投资区位选择的比较研究

基于邓宁的国际生产折衷理论,对比了中美两国投资规模、空间分布和发展阶段,利用灰色关联分析法比较了影响两国投资区位的因子.结果表明,影响美国对外投资的主要因子是人均GNP、CH和CO2的排放量,影响中国的主要因子是直接投资净流入量、航空运输量和CPI;美国对外直接投资属于市场导向型,而中国尚处于转型期,为对外投资第三阶段.     

近年来我国旅游业对外投资特征与对策

选取旅游业境外投资项目为分析指标,对近十年中国旅游业对外投资特征进行研究。研究结果表明:①近年来我国旅游业对外投资呈快速增加趋势;②旅游业对外投资体现出周期变化特征,以3—4年为一周期;③旅游业对外投资的境外国家和地区选择上表现出"先贸易、后投资"的特征;④央企和经济发达地区的旅游企业是对外投资的主体。分析了我国旅游业对外投资中存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策建议。     

中国企业对美国直接投资产业的空间分析

基于2013年《中国对外直接投资统计公报》、美国荣鼎集团(Rhodium Group)中国投资监测网2000—2014年第三季度中国企业在美国投资的统计数据,运用区位商、地理集中指数等产业空间集聚测度方法对中国企业在美国投资的产业空间特征和空间规律进行了分析。结果表明,中国对美国直接投资的产业以州为单元形成点集聚;不同产业的地理集中程度有较大差异。该研究以期为中国企业对美投资时提供参考,实现合理投资。     

谈对外商投资企业适用的环境标准

随着我国对外经济开放的深入和投资环境的不断改善,外国投资者到我国开办中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业、独资企业(下统称为外商投资企业)不断增加。这极大地促进了我国经济建设的发展,同时也给我国严重的环境问题引入了外部的压力。因此,为了在对外经济开放中,防止污染转嫁,保护好我国环境,保证对外经济开放地区社     

资源获取型林业对外直接投资的风险预警

构建资源获取型林业对外直接投资风险预警指标体系,利用我国林业对外直接投资主要流向的12个资源型林业国家2008—2015年的样本数据,采用主成分分析法将各个年份样本国家的风险划分为四个不同等级,基于BP神经网络原理建立资源获取型林业对外直接投资风险预警。结果表明:当一国拥有稳定的政治环境和发达的经济金融体系,或一国的森林资源丰富且投资成本较低廉时,会产生较低的风险警戒;反之,经济状况较差和政治动荡的国家,即使森林资源较充裕,仍需加强风险预警防范。针对控制与防范风险,提出相应的对策与建议。     

中国农业对外投资的社会责任

近年来,中国农业对外直接投资流量不断增长,而由于企业社会责任意识的缺乏等原因,部分农业对外投资企业给被投资国造成了环境破坏等负面影响。在未来．中国农业对外投资应强化企业责任意识,与被投资国实现发展成果的共享．更好地树立中国企业的国际形象。     

中国农业对外投资的社会责任

近年来,中国农业对外直接投资流量不断增长,而由于企业社会责任意识的缺乏等原因,部分农业对外投资企业给被投资国造成了环境破坏等负面影响。在未来,中国农业对外投资应强化企业责任意识,与被投资国实现发展成果的共享,更好地树立中国企业的国际形象。     

不同来源地外商直接投资与工业能源消耗强度——基于江西省11个设区市的实证研究

运用2007—2010年江西省11个设区市的面板数据,分析外商直接投资对地区工业能源强度的影响。根据来源地不同,将直接投资分为港澳台直接投资和其他外商直接投资两类。研究表明,港澳台直接投资和其他外商直接投资对地区工业能源强度有显著的正影响;与港澳台投资相比,其他外商投资对地区工业能源强度的影响更大。     

Determinants of foreign direct investment in the mining sector in Asia: A comparison between China and India

The aim of this paper is to assess the conditions that influence foreign direct investment in the mineral industries of China and India. The paper first surveys literature on the determinants of foreign direct investment to identify key conditions, under which host countries attract mining FDI. It then builds an evaluative framework which allows for comparative analysis. The paper then comparatively evaluates the performance of foreign investment regimes that govern mineral industries in China and India. Its findings show that the overall conditions for foreign mining investment in China and India are not favourable and that substantial policy, regulatory and other changes in both countries need to be made if more investment is to flow.     

Surface iron ore mining in eastern India and local level sustainability

Mining often brings certain irreversible changes to the surrounding environment. Different types of natural resources mostly surround the mines. Degradation of natural resources around the active mining zone may adversely affect the local economy. After cessation of mining operations local people may no longer be able to sustain their livelihood from the surrounding degraded natural resource; there are chances that the economy of the region will be shattered. The paper deals with this problem of local level sustainability of iron ore mining in eastern India. This problem is examined in the light of different theories of sustainability and national policies. By using household survey data, sustainability of iron ore mining in this region is tested. Substitution of depleting natural capital with other forms of capital can promote long-term sustainability of the local economy. This necessitates certain policy interventions to induce the mine operators to reinvest some part of their resource rent in the natural capital of the region.     

元素赋存状态的研究及其在矿产资源综合利用中的意义

元素赋存状态的研究是指研究元素在矿石中的存在状态，且尽可能对其进行定量研究的工作。目前元素赋存状态的研究手段很多，不同的矿山和企业可根据实际情况有选择地采用。我国是资源短缺型国家，元素赋存状态的研究是资源合理有效利用的关键，可以避免盲目开采对资源的浪费和经济上的损失。     

入世带来的环境压力及其对策探讨

入世给我国带来了一定的环境压力,主要表现在资源消耗、污染进口和产业冲击三方面.外商投资增长及外国人入境消费可能引起资源过度消耗,环境风险较大的项目和危险废弃物也可能乘机而入.受国外环保产业和环保服务业的冲击,我国相关产业面临严峻挑战.现阶段,我国的法规标准和公众意识是影响入世所带来的环境压力的两个重要因素.缓解环境压力的举措需要遵循两个原则:制度改革和管理改革结合的原则;短期措施和长期战略结合的原则.     

关于炼化企业水资源利用的几点思考

通过对我国水资源状况及石化行业水消耗情况分析,找出我国石化企业新鲜水用量,污水排放在绝对量,吨原油、万元产值的单耗,单排等方面与国外相比较存在的差距。指出存在的主要问题是:清污分流不彻底;污污分流不健全;汽提后的净化水回用量小;新鲜水冲洗地面及作为机泵冷却水直排,导致新鲜水的浪费。同时针对以上问题提出相应的建议参考指标及对应措施。     

Chinese resource security policies and the restructuring of the Asia-Pacific iron ore market

This paper reviews the restructuring of the Asia-Pacific iron ore market in the wake of the rise of the Chinese steel industry. Prior to the 2000s, this market was characterised by two key features—high firm-level concentration on both the producer and consumer sides, and price determination through annually negotiated benchmark pricing between Australian mining and Japanese steel firms. However, owing to rapid growth in the Chinese steel industry and its emergence as the region's principal iron ore consumer, the Asia-Pacific iron ore market has been dramatically restructured during the last decade. This process has been accelerated since 2005 by Chinese governmental resource security policies, which have sought to address current record high iron ore prices through the use of foreign investment to sponsor new market entrants and the formation of an import cartel amongst the Chinese steel firms. This paper evaluates how these policies have driven restructuring in the Asia-Pacific iron ore market, through an analysis of the growth of China's steel industry, Chinese resource security policies aimed at lowering iron ore import costs, and their effects upon the regional market's ownership structure and price determination mechanisms. It argues that while Chinese investment and cartelisation policies have catalysed significant changes to the ownership and pricing structures of the Asia-Pacific iron ore market, they have carried only mixed benefits for the Chinese steel industry's resource security.     

Forecast of the demand and supply plan of China’s uranium resources till 2030

This paper’s purpose is to predict China’s uranium resources demand from 2016 to 2030 based on experimental modeling. In addition, we discuss the future supply structure of China’s uranium resources by analyzing the domestic and foreign supply capacity of China’s uranium resources. According the forecast results, Chinese uranium resource demand will reach 21385 tU in 2030 under a medium scenario. Due to the poor endowment of uranium resources, China’s domestic uranium production will increase slowly. It can be calculated that the total demand of uranium resources in China during 2016–2030 will be 216581 tU, the cumulative production of domestic production will be 37900 tU, the overseas production will be 41950 tU, and the international market purchases will be 130574 tU. Hence, the cumulative degree of dependence on foreign resources is approximately 80%. China’s foreign dependence on uranium will be greater than for oil, and the situation will become extremely serious. Therefore, we put forward several suggestions to ensure the supply of China’s uranium resources: (1) strengthening mineral exploration and increasing domestic production, (2) actively operating the “going out” strategy, (3) enhancing the enterprise competition ability, and (4) establishing uranium resource reserves. By these means, China could efficiently guarantee the domestic uranium resource security and respond to the competition of India’s uranium resources demand increased.