共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 421 毫秒
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本实验利用乙二胺合钴([Co(en)3]2+)能络合吸收一氧化氮气体(NO)和活化氧分子的特性,进而将烟气中难溶于水的NO气体进行络合吸收,从而达到烟气脱硝的目的。通过对[Co(en)3]2+脱除NO的反应条件、机理等方面进行初步探索,进而研究了pH值、反应温度和不同脱硫剂等条件对NO脱除效果的影响。研究结果表明:有氧条件下,[Co(en)3]2+络合吸收液对NO的脱除效率较高。当氧含量为5%,反应温度为50℃和溶液pH=13.0时,以0.025mol/L[Co(en)3]2+作为吸收液通过鼓泡反应装置对NO进行催化络合,脱硝率可达到99%以上,并可长时间维持对NO的络合吸收作用。 相似文献
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通过对烟气带入吸收系统的粉煤灰物理性质及化学组成的分析,研究了粉煤灰对硫化钠法烟气脱硫反应的可能影响,并对粉煤灰的去除工艺进行了探讨。 相似文献
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脉冲电晕等离子法烟气脱硫脱硝的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文探讨了脉冲电晕等离子法脱硫脱硝的基本原理,较系统地研究了影响脉冲电晕等离子烟气脱硫脱硝的主要因素,进行了加NH3脱硝的探索试验。实验表明:该法能有效地去除烟气中的SO2,但脱硝效果不明显,加NH3后可大量提高脱硝的效率;湿度对脱硫影响较大,湿度越高,脱硫效率也越高,当相对湿度达80%时,脱硫率基本达到最大,而湿度对脱硝的影响不如脱硫明显;脉冲电压越高,功率越大,脱硫脱硝效率越高;增加放电极长度 相似文献
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采用超纯水、Na2CO3-NaHCO3NaOH3种不同的吸收液吸收爆轰气体产物、离子色谱进行样品分离、外标法定量,建立了爆轰气体产物中HF、HCl、HCN无机污染物的离子色谱分析方法。研究表明,炸药爆轰气体中合有一定量的HF、HCl和少量的HCN,选择3.2mmol/LNa2C03与1.0mmol/LNaHCO3混合溶液作为爆轰产物中无机组份的吸收液,吸收效率均值太于90%;离子色谱分析方法的相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5.0%,相关系数达到0.9990以上;进样量为100μL时,HF、HCl、HCN的检测限分别为0.04mg/m^3、0.03mg/m^3、0.05mg/m^3。该方法灵敏度高,回收率好,且样品预处理简单。 相似文献
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Gabriele Villarini Enrico Scoccimarro Kathleen D. White Jeffrey R. Arnold Keith E. Schilling Joyee Ghosh 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2015,51(5):1361-1371
Our improved capability to adapt to the future changes in discharge is linked to our capability to predict the magnitude or at least the direction of these changes. For the agricultural United States Midwest, too much or too little water has severe socioeconomic impacts. Here, we focus on the Raccoon River at Van Meter, Iowa, and use a statistical approach to examine projected changes in discharge. We build on statistical models using rainfall and harvested corn and soybean acreage to explain the observed discharge variability. We then use projections of these two predictors to examine the projected discharge response. Results are based on seven global climate models part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 and two representative concentration pathways (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). There is not a strong signal of change in the discharge projections under the RCP 4.5. However, the results for the RCP 8.5 point to a stronger changing signal related to larger projected increases in rainfall, resulting in increased trends, in particular, in the upper part of the discharge distribution (i.e., 60th percentile and above). Examination of two hypothetical agricultural scenarios indicates that these increasing trends could be alleviated by decreasing the extent of the agricultural production. We also discuss how the methodology presented in this study represents a viable approach to move forward with the concept of return period for engineering design and management in a nonstationary world. 相似文献
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Environmental assessment in countries in transition: evolution in a changing context 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Cherp A 《Journal of environmental management》2001,62(4):357-374
Over the last fifteen years, Environmental Assessment systems of transitional societies of Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia have undergone dramatic change from appraisals integrated into centrally planned economies to formal procedures aimed to ensure interdisciplinary analysis of environmental impacts and linked to publicly accountable decision-making. In most Central European nations, EA systems have been radically reformed to approximate the procedures used in developed countries, particularly in the European Union. In contrast, EA in most of the former Soviet republics has been reformed more gradually and is still based on the so-called State Environmental Review procedure inherited from the USSR and substantially different from 'Western' EA. About one-third of the transitional countries (in the Balkans, the Caucasus and Central Asia) have, so far, failed to establish functioning EA systems. Throughout the region, there has been a gap between EA legislation and practice, especially concerning interdisciplinary analysis of environmental impacts, public participation, and utilisation of EA findings in decision-making. A key driving force in the reform of EA systems has been the change in their societal context, the so-called 'process of transition'. Three main policy agendas--environmental protection, reforms of decision-making, and conforming to international requirements--along with the institutional context of EA regulations and practice have influenced both the change of EA systems over time and the regional variations in the patterns of their evolution. This study suggests that an effective reform of an EA system should be context-sensitive, or be 'in gear' with the political and economic transition. Future EA research should consider their changing societal contexts and focused on practical effects of applying EA procedures. 相似文献
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As a result of Structural Adjustment Programme from the 1980s, many developing countries have experienced an increase in resource extraction activities by international and transnational corporations. The work reported here examines the perceived impacts of gold mining at the community level in the Wassa West District of Ghana, Africa and discusses those perceived impacts in the context of globalization processes and growing multinational corporate interest in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Interview data compared community members' perceptions with those of company representatives in three communities. The results indicate that communities held companies responsible for a series of economic, social, and environmental changes. While recognizing some of the benefits brought by the mines, communities felt that the companies did not live up to their responsibility to support local development. Companies responded by denying, dismissing concerns, or shifting blame. Findings from this work show that lack of engagement and action by government agencies at all levels resulted in companies acting in a surrogate governmental capacity. In such situations, managing expectations is key to community-company relations. 相似文献
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Xinzhi Yu 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2019,62(6):939-959
The preparation of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) inclusive sustainability appraisals (SAs) for neighbourhood plans (NPs) in England may be required when significant environmental effects are expected to arise from an NP. In this paper, we report on the result of a Ph.D. project, conducted between 2012 and 2015, in which all 15 NP SEA inclusive SAs that had been completed at the time were evaluated. In this context, the quality of SA practice was found to differ substantially. SAs were prepared either ‘in-house’ (i.e. by neighbourhood planning steering groups) or by consultants. The quality of SAs was found to be associated with their overall perceived degree of influence on the underlying NPs. Whilst the focus of this paper is on practice in England, findings are expected to be of interest to a wider international audience, in particular to those experimenting with voluntary neighbourhood/local level plan SA/SEA. 相似文献
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Yuriko Sakairi 《Natural resources forum》2000,24(4):313-323
This article presents a case study from Mozambique of the electrification of two selected towns under a World Bank financed project. Low-cost electricity services were extended to the two isolated areas after an enabling framework had been created for private sector participation. The World Bank project also demonstrates that the private sector can be attracted to participate in rural electrification schemes even in a poor country. The example shown in this article is one of the few of its kind in SubSaharan Africa. 相似文献
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Rainfall samples were collected during the 2003 and 2004 growing seasons at four agricultural locales across the USA in Maryland, Indiana, Nebraska, and California. The samples were analyzed for 21 insecticides, 18 herbicides, three fungicides, and 40 pesticide degradates. Data from all sites combined show that 7 of the 10 most frequently detected pesticides were herbicides, with atrazine (70%) and metolachlor (83%) detected at every site. Dacthal, acetochlor, simazine, alachlor, and pendimethalin were detected in more than 50% of the samples. Chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, and diazinon were the only insecticides among the 10 most frequently detected compounds. Of the remaining pesticide parent compounds, 18 were detected in fewer than 30% of the samples, and 13 were not detected. The most frequently detected degradates were deethylatrazine; the oxygen analogs (OAs) of the organophosphorus insecticides chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and malathion; and 1-napthol (degradate of carbaryl). Deethylatrazine was detected in nearly 70% of the samples collected in Maryland, Indiana, and Nebraska but was detected only once in California. The OAs of chlorpyrifos and diazinon were detected primarily in California. Degradates of the acetanilide herbicides were rarely detected in rain, indicating that they are not formed in the atmosphere or readily volatilized from soils. Herbicides accounted for 91 to 98% of the total pesticide mass deposited by rain except in California, where insecticides accounted for 61% in 2004. The mass of pesticides deposited by rainfall was estimated to be less than 2% of the total applied in these agricultural areas. 相似文献
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Environmental Flows (EFlows) are defined as the quantity, timing and quality of the flow of water, sediment and biota necessary to sustain freshwater and estuarine ecosystems, and the human livelihoods and well-being that depend on these ecosystems. As such they are a vital component of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM). A recent survey found that, in general, Africa lags behind schedule with respect to the global SDG Target 6.5 to implement IWRM at all levels, including through transboundary cooperation as appropriate. This web-based review explores progress made in EFlows Assessments and implementing their outcomes in southern Africa. It outlines the apparent impetus to the uptake of EFlows provided by legislation, common funding mechanisms for EFlows assessment and evolving trends in EFlows assessment. It also highlights instances of implementation of EFlows in both in-country and transboundary settings. 相似文献