硝化污泥胞外聚合物分层组分提取方法的比较

采用温和加热法、超声法、超声+振荡法和离心法4种方法提取硝化污泥松散结合型胞外聚合物(LB-EPS),及乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)法、甲醛+NaOH法、甲醛+超声、阳离子树脂法(CER)和加热法提取硝化污泥紧密结合型胞外聚合物(TB-EPS),通过化学分析结合三维荧光(3DEEM)光谱对各提取方法进行比较.结果表明,LB-EPS和TB-EPS的最优提取方法分别为温和加热法和甲醛+Na OH法,TOC提取量分别为16.82、58.43 mg·g~(-1).三维荧光光谱显示温和加热法能有效提取LB-EPS中的类色氨酸和类腐殖酸;甲醛+NaOH法、CER和加热法提取的TBEPS中物质最为全面,主要包括类色氨酸、类腐殖酸和类酪氨酸.TB-EPS三维荧光浓度效应分析表明荧光峰位置与EPS浓度变化无关;类腐殖酸和类酪氨酸荧光峰强度随EPS浓度降低而减小,分别呈二项式和对数关系.     

自养菌和异养菌胞外聚合物对活性污泥絮凝特性的影响

为探讨自养菌和异养菌胞外聚合物(Extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)的差异及其对活性污泥表面及絮凝特性的影响,研究了有机负荷为0、0.30和0.74 kg·kg-1·d-1时,污泥松散附着胞外聚合物(loosely bound EPS,LB-EPS)和紧密粘附胞外聚合物(tightly bound EPS,TBEPS)的组分含量、形态、表面特性以及絮凝性能的差异,并就LB-EPS与TB-EPS对污泥絮凝特性影响的作用机理进行了探讨.结果表明,有机负荷越高,多糖含量越高,EPS总量及蛋白质含量越低.由三维荧光光谱测定结果可知,类富里酸物质为异养菌而非自养菌的代谢产物,且有机负荷越高,TB-EPS中的类富里酸荧光峰强度越大.自养和异养污泥的絮凝机理不同,自养活性污泥通过自养菌菌体自身生物絮凝作用形成密实的污泥絮体,LB-EPS与TB-EPS对其絮体形态、表面及絮凝特性影响较小;异养活性污泥絮体形态在TB-EPS提取后发生明显改变,TB-EPS在异养活性污泥絮体聚集时发挥着主要作用.包裹着LB-EPS的污泥表面负电荷多且疏水性差,不利于异养污泥生物絮凝.有机负荷越高,污泥表面Zeta电位负电性越强,相对疏水性(relative hydrophobity,RH)越小,污泥稳定性越差.     

盐度变化对厌氧污泥胞外聚合物的影响

为探讨盐度变化对厌氧污泥胞外聚合物的影响,采用三维荧光(3D-EEM)和傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)技术,研究了不同盐度下升流式厌氧污泥流化床(UASB)中污泥的松散结合型胞外聚合物(LB-EPS)与紧密结合型胞外聚合物(TB-EPS)的变化规律,并分析了LB-EPS和TB-EPS与污泥沉降性间的关系.结果表明,进水盐度由0逐渐增加至8%,厌氧污泥LB-EPS和TB-EPS含量分别由4.94和12.25 mg·g~(-1)(以VSS计)增加至41.47和43.04 mg·g~(-1)(以VSS计);LB-EPS和TB-EPS中蛋白(PN)和多糖(PS)含量的比值分别由3.2和3.8降低至1.8和2.3;污泥容积指数(SVI)与LB-EPS、TB-EPS均正相关;3D-EEM光谱显示,色氨酸蛋白和芳环蛋白荧光峰存在于不同盐度下LB-EPS和TB-EPS中,类胡敏酸荧光峰仅存在于盐度高于4%的TB-EPS中;FTIR分析表明,进水盐度的增加导致LB-EPS和TB-EPS中PS的C—O组分相对含量增加.     

Aeromonas veronii N8不同类型胞外聚合物的性质及其Zn2+吸附特征

以Aeromonas veronii N8为研究对象,对其松散型胞外聚合物(LB-EPS)和紧密型胞外聚合物(TB-EPS)的性质及其吸Zn~(2+)特征进行了研究.结果表明,LB-EPS和TB-EPS具有不同的多糖及蛋白组成比例;与TB-EPS相比,LB-EPS的分子量分布范围较窄,但其平均分子量较大,TBEPS中含有一些LB-EPS不具有的富含芳香族氨基酸的蛋白质,而LB-EPS则含有少量TB-EPS不具有的腐殖酸类物质;1H NMR与XPS分析发现,两种EPS具有相似的结构与元素组成,但各元素在两者中的组成比例并不相同;LB-EPS和TB-EPS具有相似的Zn~(2+)吸附规律,经90 min后二者均能达到吸附平衡,但LB-EPS的吸附率一直大于TB-EPS,二者的吸附率则随着EPS浓度的增加而变大,并随着Zn~(2+)浓度的增加而变小;对比Zn~(2+)吸附前后,两种EPS中属于核酸、多糖与蛋白质在内的一些特征官能团的强度或位置则发生了一定的变化,表明这些特征峰在吸附过程具有不同的功能作用;而LB-EPS和TB-EPS的Zn~(2+)吸附过程则可分别采用Freundlich和Temkin模型进行描述.     

胞外聚合物对活性污泥吸附生活污水碳源的影响

为探索活性污泥中不同层胞外聚合物(SB-EPS、LB-EPS和TB-EPS)对污泥吸附性能的影响,以培养污泥、污水厂污泥为研究对象,采用加热法分层提取EPS,研究不同层EPS对生活污水中COD的吸附特征,并采用Lagergern单层吸附动力学模型、Ritchie双层吸附模型和颗粒内扩散模型方程进行动力学数据分析.结果表明:两种污泥的原污泥、-SB污泥和培养-LB污泥与Lagergern单层吸附模型和Ritchie双层吸附模型的拟合效果均比较好,说明污泥吸附过程既存在单层的物理吸附过程,又存在多层的物理化学吸附过程.污泥从外层到内层,EPS含量逐步增加,蛋白质与多糖比值均为外层小于内层,但培养污泥LB-EPS中蛋白质与多糖比值大于TB-EPS.两种污泥单位SB-EPS的吸附量分别为0.650 mg·mg~(-1)、3.37 mg·mg~(-1),吸附速率比原污泥分别增加了0.0997 min-1、0.0390 min-1,因此,SB-EPS可吸附有机污染物,但吸附速率较小.两种污泥单位TB-EPS的吸附量分别为1.06 mg·mg~(-1)、0.443 mg·mg~(-1),吸附速率比原污泥分别增加了10.7 min-1、0.183 min-1,因此,TB-EPS结构紧密,导致吸附速率减慢,但其能很好地将吸附上的污染物保存在菌体细胞壁外而不被释放.而LB-EPS对污染物没有储存能力,只有快速传递污染物的能力.     

交替好氧/缺氧运行模式对生物脱氮效能及活性污泥胞外聚合物的影响

以实际生活废水为处理对象,考察了SBR工艺好氧/缺氧(O/A)和缺氧/好氧(A/O)运行模式对生物脱氮性能、胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substance,EPS)及其组分(蛋白质PN、多糖PS和核酸DNA)的影响.结果表明,O/A和A/O运行模式下,SBR工艺均获得了高效稳定的NH_4~+-N去除,去除率分别为97.5%和98.0%,且硝化速率与NH_4~+-N负荷呈现较好正相关性.交替缺氧/好氧运行模式对于EPS影响,A/O模式下EPS产量略高于O/A模式下,且运行模式对TB-EPS及其组分(PN、PS和DNA)产量无显著影响,但A/O模式下LB-EPS及其组分(PN和PS)产量均高于O/A模式下,倍数介于1.38~1.56之间.2种模式条件下,PS是TB-EPS和EPS的主要组分,而PN是LB-EPS的主要成分.EPS含量与污泥沉降性能具有良好的线性正相关.     

次氯酸钠与亚铁对污泥破解及脱水效果的影响

采用次氯酸钠（NaClO）与亚铁（Fe（II））结合处理污泥以提高污泥破解和脱水效能,考察了NaClO和Fe（II）投加量的影响,并通过定量和定性分析污泥中胞外聚合物质（EPS）的迁移转化,确定NaClO和Fe（II）对污泥脱水和破解的机制.试验结果表明,NaClO和Fe（II）投加量（以干泥固体计）分别为44 mg·g^-1和66 mg·g^-1时,污泥毛细吸吮时间（CST）从原泥的112 s下降到66.3 s.同时,NaClO/Fe（II）处理污泥能够使上清液中化学需氧量（COD）显著升高,并使污泥中紧密束缚型EPS（TB-EPS）和松散束缚型EPS（LB-EPS）转化成溶解性EPS（S-EPS）,导致S-EPS的溶解性有机碳（DOC）含量升高,而LB-EPS和TB-EPS的DOC含量降低.此外,NaClO/Fe（II）还能使污泥中有机物质矿化,使3种EPS中蛋白质类和腐殖酸类物质减少.NaClO和Fe（II）能够改善污泥脱水性能,强化污泥破解效果,利于污泥后续的处理处置.     

城市污水厂活性污泥胞外聚合物的三维荧光特性分析

对厦门5个城市污水处理厂活性污泥溶解性有机物SMP,松散型胞外聚合物LB-EPS和紧密结合型胞外聚合物TB-EPS的三维荧光光谱分析表明,SMP,LB-EPS和TB-EPS都有3个明显的特征峰,其中Peak A(Ex/Em=225~230/335~350nm)和Peak B (Ex/Em= 275~280/330~350nm)都为类蛋白荧光物质,Peak C(Ex/Em=320~350/420~445nm)为腐殖酸类荧光物质.LB-EPS和TB-EPS荧光峰强度同其对应的TOC浓度有一定相关性.荧光强度综合指数FRI分析表明,微生物副产物更多的存在于TB-EPS中,其FRI总和同TOC浓度呈一定相关性.     

复合式膜生物反应器的膜污染控制机理

采用常规膜生物反应器(CMBR)和复合式膜生物反应器(HMBR)处理城市生活污水,对HMBR的膜污染控制机理进行了研究。试验结果表明,HMBR能够有效去除胞外多聚物(EPS),反应器内溶解性EPS(S-EPS)、松散附着性EPS(LB-EPS)和紧密附着性EPS(TB-EPS)的含量比CMBR分别降低了42.8%、41.5%和2.1%。附着性EPS(B-EPS)特别是LB-EPS与活性污泥的物理性能密切相关,随着其含量的降低,HMBR中活性污泥的絮凝性能和沉淀性能比CMBR分别提高了24.4%和34.8%。由于滤饼层污泥主要来源于活性污泥,因此随着活性污泥絮凝性能和沉淀性能的提高,HMBR中的滤饼层比阻比CMBR降低了31.1%。作为结果,当跨膜压差(TMP)到达20 kPa时,HMBR运行了143 d,而CMBR仅运行了57 d。     

Enhanced dewaterability of waste activated sludge by UV assisted ZVI-PDS oxidation

Ultraviolet（UV） assisted zero-valent iron（ZVI）-activated sodium persulfate（PDS） oxidation（UV-ZVI-PDS） was used to treat waste activated sludge（WAS） in this study.The dewaterability performance and mechanism of WAS dewatering were analyzed.The results showed that UV-ZVI-PDS can obtain better sludge dewatering performance in a wide pH range（2.0-8.0）.When the molar ratio of ZVI/PDS was 0.6,UV was 254 nm,PDS dosage was 200 mg/g TS（total solid）,pH was 6.54,reaction time was 20 min,the CST（capillary s...     

Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion and its sludge dewaterability

To investigate the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion and sludge dewaterability and further to probe into the influencing factors on sludge dewaterability, sludge flocs were stratified into four fractions: (1) slime; (2) loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS); (3) tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS); and (4) EPS-free pellets. The results showed that ultrasonic pretreatment increased the anaerobic digestion efficiency by 7%–8%. Anaerobic digestion without ultrasonic pretreatment deteriorated the sludge dewaterability, with the capillary suction time (CST) increased from 1.42 to 47.3 (sec L)/g-TSS. The application of ultrasonic pretreatment firstly deteriorated the sludge dewaterability (normalized CST increased to 44.4 (sec L)/g-TSS), while subsequent anaerobic digestion offset this effect and ultimately decreased the normalized CST to 23.2 (sec L)/g-TSS. The dewaterability of unsonicated sludge correlated with protein (p = 0.003) and polysaccharide (p = 0.004) concentrations in the slime fraction, while that of sonicated sludge correlated with protein concentrations in the slime and LB-EPS fractions (p < 0.05). Fluorescent excitationemission matrix analysis showed that the fluorescence matters in the LB-EPS fraction significantly correlated with sludge dewaterability during anarobic digestion.     

活性污泥胞外多聚物提取方法的比较

活性污泥污水处理系统中胞外多聚物(extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)对污染物的去除及污泥的絮凝、沉降和脱水性能都有着重要作用,影响活性污泥工艺的运行稳定性,然而不同的提取方法可能导致EPS组分、数量有显著差异,直接影响相关实验结果.本文采用离心法提取溶解型和疏松型EPS后,采用文献经常报道的8种物理、化学方法提取紧密型EPS(tightly bound EPS,TB-EPS),研究TB-EPS数量及多糖、蛋白质、核酸等成分含量并进一步分析TB-EPS的基团组成,也分析了TB-EPS中15种元素含量.结果表明,8种方法中,加热法提取TB-EPS组分数量较多,对污泥微生物细胞破坏程度低,且在EPS提取过程不引入外源物质,是一种较为合适的EPS提取方法.阳离子树脂法对TB-EPS中芳香族蛋白质和腐殖酸类物质有较好的提取效果,Na OH法对富里酸类物质提取效果较好.物理法对TB-EPS红外光谱的官能团种类无明显影响,但化学法对TB-EPS官能团种类影响较显著,TB-EPS具有不同的特征吸附峰.总体上,化学法提取的TB-EPS中元素含量高于物理法.研究者应根据实验目的,选取适宜的EPS提取方法;或者建立EPS提取的标准方法,有助于实验结果间的比较.     

芬顿试剂氧化对污泥脱水性能的影响

利用芬顿试剂调理污泥,以W_C(污泥滤饼含水率)和CST(毛细吸水时间)作为评价污泥脱水性能的指标,通过分析污泥中各层ρ(EPS)(EPS为胞外聚合物)和上清液中小分子有机物质量浓度来阐明污泥脱水性能的变化. 结果表明:芬顿试剂调理可促进EPS氧化分解,TB-EPS(紧密结合的胞外聚合物)破解转化为LB-EPS(松散结合的胞外聚合物)和S-EPS(上清液层胞外聚合物),大幅降低W_C和CST. 试验中当pH为4,w(H₂O₂)和 w(Fe2+)均为40 mg/g时,ρ(EPS)降低了33.04%,W_C和CST分别降至63.36%和28.7 s. Pearson相关性分析表明,ρ(TB-EPS)与W_C和CST均存在显著的正相关性(P＜0.01),是影响污泥脱水性能的重要因素,而ρ(LB-EPS)和ρ(S-EPS)与污泥脱水性能的相关性较低. 液相色谱分析表明,随着芬顿试剂投加量的增大,EPS等有机物分解程度增大,污泥上清液中小分子有机物种类明显增多,其质量浓度显著升高,ρ(甲酸)和ρ(乙酸)分别由原污泥的52.72、15.99 mg/L升至446.05、522.36 mg/L.      

Effects of acid,acid-ZVI/PMS,Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS and ZVI/PMS conditioning on the wastewater activated sludge(WAS)dewaterability and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)

The effects of four conditioning approaches:Acid,Acid-zero-valent iron(ZVI)/peroxydisulfate(PMS),Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS and ZVI/PMS,on wastewater activated sludge(WAS) dewatering and organics distribution in supernatant and extracellular polymeric substances(EPS) layers were investigated.The highest reduction in bound water and the most WAS destruction was achieved by Acid-ZVI/PMS,and the optimum conditions were pH 3,ZVI dosage 0.15 g/g dry solid(DS),oxone dosage 0.07 g/g DS and reaction time 10.6 min with the reductions in capillary suction time(CST) and water content(Wc) as 19.67% and 8.49%,respectively.Four conditioning approaches could result in TOC increase in EPS layers and supernatant,and protein(PN) content in tightly bound EPS(TB-EPS).After conditioning,organics in EPS layers could migrate to supernatant.Polysaccharide(PS) was easier to migrate to supernatant than PN.In addition,Acid,Acid-ZVI/PMS or Fe(Ⅱ)/PMS conditioning promoted the release of some polysaccharides containing ring vibrations v P=O,v C-O-C,v C-O-P functional groups from TB-EPS.ESR spectra proved that both radicals of SO_4~-· and·OH contributed to dewatering and organics transformation and migration.CST value of WAS positively correlated with the ratios of PN/PS in LB-EPS and total EPS,while it negatively correlated with TOC,PN content and PS content in TB-EPS,as well as PS content in supernatant and LB-EPS.BWC negatively correlated to zeta potential and TOC value,PN content,and HA content in supernatant.     

Effects of solution conditions on the physicochemical properties of stratification components of extracellular polymeric substances in anaerobic digested sludge

The composition and effects of solution conditions on the physicochemical properties of the stratification components of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in anaerobic digested sludge were determined. The total EPS in anaerobic digested sludge were extracted by the cation exchange resin method. Another EPS extraction method, the centrifugation and sonication technique was employed to stratify the EPS into three fractions: slime, loosely bound (LB)-EPS, and tightly bound (TB)-EPS from the outside to the inside of the anaerobic digested sludge. Proteins and polysaccharides were dispersed uniformly across the different EPS fractions, and humic-like substances were mainly partitioned in the slime, with TB-EPS second. Protein was the major constituent of the LB-EPS and TB-EPS, and the corresponding ratios ranged from 54.0% to 65.6%. The hydrophobic part in the EPS chemical components was primarily comprised of protein and DNA, while the hydrophilic part was mainly composed of polysaccharide. In the slime, the hydrophobic values of several EPS chemical components (protein, polysaccharide, humic-like substances and DNA) were all below 50%. The protein/polysaccharide ratio had a significant influence on the Zeta potentials and isoelectric point values of the EPS: the greater the protein/polysaccharide ratio of the EPS was, the greater the Zeta potential and the higher the isoelectric point value were. All Zeta potentials of the EPS showed a decreasing trend with increasing pH. The corresponding isoelectric point values (pH) were 2.8 for total EPS, 2.2 for slime, 2.7 for LB-EPS, and 2.6 for TB-EPS. As the ionic strength increased, the Zeta potentials sharply increased and then gradually became constant without charge reversal. In addition, as the temperature increased (< 40°C), the apparent viscosity of the EPS decreased monotonically and then gradually became stable between 40 and 60°C.     

活性污泥胞外聚合物的组成与结构特点及环境行为

在活性污泥处理系统中,微生物大多以污泥絮体的形式悬浮在水中。胞外聚合物(EPS)作为污泥絮体的重要组成部分,以其独特的聚合结构和化学组成,在污水生物处理系统中起到重要作用。为了更好的描述EPS的环境行为,文章综合了近年来国内外相关的研究成果,首先分析了EPS的来源、化学组成及结构分布,得出EPS中包含蛋白质、多糖、腐殖酸、核酸、糖醛酸及脂类大分子等化学物质,其中蛋白质和多糖之和占总有机物含量的70%~80%;在结构上,EPS分为SB-EPS、LB-EPS和TB-EPS,三者与细胞结合的紧密程度递增,其中所含化学成分比例的不同将使其具有不同的理化特性。其次,文章对EPS的理化特征对污水处理系统的影响,如对系统中微生物降解特性的影响、磷和重金属的吸附等进行了讨论,并总结了EPS中相关的官能团对上述环境行为的贡献。同时,文章还论述了EPS中官能团的亲疏水特性及化学成分对污泥絮体的脱水性、絮凝沉降性能的影响。     

缺氧酸化联合零价铁-过氧化氢改善污泥脱水性能的研究

为探讨缺氧酸化联合零价铁(ZVI)-过氧化氢(H_2O_2)调理对污泥脱水性能的影响,本文通过单因素试验,以污泥比阻(SRF)作为参考指标,系统考察了调理条件对污泥脱水性能的影响.同时,在试验的最佳调理条件下,分析了污泥各层胞外聚合物(EPS)有机物质量浓度及荧光光谱强度以阐明该联合作用机理.结果表明,当初始pH为2,ZVI投加量为280 mg·g~(-1)(以干污泥量(DS)计,下同),缺氧时间为4 h,H_2O_2投加量为30 mg·g~(-1)(以DS计,下同),类芬顿反应时间为10 min时,SRF降低了90.39%,处理效果较单独类芬顿处理提升了1倍.机理探究试验表明,在缺氧条件下,酸化处理可加速污泥的水解,溶解得到更多的二价铁离子,促使EPS结构发生改变;ZVI-H_2O_2调理可有效地氧化部分EPS,使得紧密结合胞外聚合物(TB-EPS)破解转化至松散结合胞外聚合物(LB-EPS)和上清液胞外聚合物(SB-EPS).EPS分析结果表明,蛋白质的减少能有效提高污泥脱水性能,腐殖酸和富里酸类有机物的产生能提高污泥疏水性能.此外,ZVI的再次利用效率高,重复利用仍能使SRF降低率达到82.04%.因此,缺氧酸化联合ZVI-H_2O_2处理能实现污泥的水解、氧化和絮凝过程,达到改善污泥脱水性能的目的.     

Characterization of extracellular polymeric substances in the biofilms of typical bacteria by the sulfur K-edge XANES spectroscopy

A combined approach of physicochemical extraction and sulfur K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure（XANES） spectroscopy was applied to characterize the extracellular polymeric substances（EPS） of typical bacterial biofilms in this study. Physicochemical analysis showed variation of the contents of DNA,polysaccharide and protein in different fractions of EPS in different mediums. The sulfur K-edge XANES analysis yielded a variety of spectra.Spectral fitting of the XANES spectra utilizing a large set of model compounds showed that there was more reduced sulfur in both LB-EPS（loosely bound EPS） and TB-EPS（tightly bound EPS） of all the biofilms in LB medium than in R2 A medium. More oxidized sulfur was identified in LB-EPS than that in TB-EPS,suggesting different niches and physiological heterogeneity in the biofilms. Our results suggested that the sulfur K-edge XANES can be a useful tool to analyze the sulfur speciation in EPS of biofilms.     

碳氮比对活性污泥胞外聚合物的长期影响

以人工模拟废水为研究对象,采用4组SBR反应器（R₀,R₅,R₁₀和R₁₅）,重点考察了碳氮比（C/N）对胞外聚合物（EPS）含量及其组分（蛋白质（PN）、多糖（PS）和核酸（DNA））的影响.试验结果表明：C/N对EPS及其组分具有显著影响.随着C/N由0升高至15,EPS和紧密结合型胞外聚合物（TB-EPS）含量逐渐升高,而松散型胞外聚合物（LB-EPS）含量逐渐降低,EPS以TB-EPS为主（占77.4%~93.6%）.EPS和TB-EPS中的PN、PS和DNA含量随着C/N值升高而升高,LB-EPS中的PN、PS和DNA含量随C/N升高而降低.此外,随着C/N的增大,毛细吸水时间（CST）和污泥比阻（SRF）值显著增大,污泥的脱水性能变差.     

藻菌生物膜胞外聚合物与铅锌尾矿重金属的络合配位作用

矿产资源开采冶炼产生大量尾矿渣,其中富含的可溶性重金属引发的生态环境问题日益突显.铅锌矿是我国重要的矿产资源,尾矿露天堆放使得其富含的可溶性重金属淋溶迁移,对矿区周边地表环境造成严重污染.为探明自然水体环境中的藻菌生物膜与重金属的作用机理,采用三维荧光光谱技术研究干旱区天然湖泊中的藻菌生物膜EPS（胞外聚合物）与铅锌尾矿渣中5种重金属离子的络合配位作用.结果表明:①从藻菌生物膜EPS荧光光谱图中可检测出两个荧光峰,均来源于芳香类蛋白酪氨酸物质;②铅锌尾矿淋滤液中的重金属元素主要包括Pb、Co、Ni、Zn和Cd,且这5种金属离子均能有效淬灭EPS的荧光强度;③荧光淬灭滴定试验得出,Pb2+与EPS的络合能力最强,最大络合常数为4.523 1,最大结合位点数为1.177 5;Cd2+与EPS的络合能力最弱,最大络合常数为1.957 1,最大结合位点数为0.684 8;Co2+、Ni2+和Zn2+与EPS的络合能力相似.研究显示,藻菌生物膜EPS中含有的荧光基团与重金属离子的作用强度与金属离子的类型相关,二者的络合配位作用可能会影响重金属在水环境中的化学形态、迁移、生物有效性和生态毒性.