山东试点流域生态补偿环境使用从"无价"到"有价"

"保护生态",人们听得多了,但要"为生态作补偿"却是很多人还不熟悉的事.这是一笔怎样的开支呢? 需要"补偿"是因为有"不公平"存在. 以西部地区为例,在改革开放后很长一段时间,西部地区充当的角色就是为东部地区及东南沿海经济特区的经济社会发展输送各种自然资源及能源,以支撑其经济发展.西部地区又是我国江河源头、水土流失敏感地区和濒危物种的重要栖息地,是中国的江河上游、风沙源头,生态环境保护的成本高、投入大,为保护生态付出了较高的机会成本.     

源远流长(上)

正三江源,神圣之源。三江源,生命之源。古往今来,在每一个牵挂江河源头的中华儿女的心灵深处,那些寻找源头的艰辛往事,以及有关江河源区的一草一木、一山一水、一沙一石,乃至神话传说,无不是一个有着悠久历史的民族自豪感的延伸。那是一种鲜艳而细小的流淌在血脉里的传承久远的延伸,那是一种无论怎样多灾多难而中华民族总是能够生生不息、自强自立的精神的延伸。我们的山有宗、水有源、树有根,我们是这块土地上的子孙,正是因为我们拥有江河源头的巍巍高山、     

依法保护和改善生态环境认真实施可持续发展战略

１青海省生态环境现状青海省地处“世界屋脊”——青藏高原东北部，与西藏同称“地球第三极”。长江、黄河、澜沧江都发源于此，故又称“江河源头”、“中华水塔”。这里平均海拔３０００ｍ以上，地势高峻，气候寒冷干旱，植被覆盖率低，冰川、雪山、戈壁、沙漠、风蚀残丘...     

四种力量交织博弈自然山系

人类是从山系一步步走向了文明,是山系促进了人类的进化与发展。山系是江河的源头,是动植物和人类最初的也是永久的家园,理应受到应有的重视,理应得到科学的保护,理应得到可持续的发展。     

西蒙得木对金沙江干热河谷生态保护的作用

金沙江干热河谷生态条件恶劣，水土流失严重，对长江流域中下游特别是三峡大坝存在着极大的负面影响。治理长江流域，保护三峡大坝的重要源头是金沙江干热河谷的生态环境建设。西蒙得木生长的生态环境与金沙江干热河谷的生态环境非常相似，并且西蒙得木具有极高的经济价值，因此在金沙江干热河谷种植西蒙得木，既能改良生态环境，又能发展当地经济。     

落实生态建设措施实现江河源区的可持续发展

青海省是长江、黄河、澜沧江的发源地,故有“江河源头”之称。由于其特殊的地理位置,生态环境的稳定与否直接影响到整个流域的气候。境内黄河流域面积占全流域面积的１８．７％,出省多年平均径流量占流域总径流量的２５％。青海是黄河流域９省区唯—一个产流多于用水的...     

生态补偿使福建碧水长流

福建省日前决定,从今年起开始实施江河下游地区对上游地区的森林生态效益补偿制度。有关专家认为,区域性生态补偿机制的实施,有望进一步调动上游地区保护生态的积极性,使森林质量稳步提高,水土流失得到有效遏制,生态环境脆弱地段的森林植被逐步恢复。     

青海省水资源利用的问题及对策

青海省地处江河源头,水资源保护与利用不仅关系本省社会经济发展的水资源保障,还影响到中下游地区的生态安全。文章对青海省水资源开发利用中存在的问题进行了讨论,按照充分合理利用水资源的宗旨,提出了实现水资源可持续利用的对策建议。     

中国动态

正建立农业可持续发展长效机制中共中央、国务院近日印发《关于全面深化农村改革加快推进农业现代化的若干意见》,提出建立农业可持续发展长效机制等重点工作。要完善森林、草原、湿地、水土保持等生态补偿制度,继续执行公益林补偿、草原生态保护补助奖励政策,建立江河源头区、重要水源地、重要水生态修复治理区     

因地制宜 加速江河源头生态保护与建设——关于青海省生态保护立法理论依据的思考

本文将青海省划分为 3个生态区 ,并提出相应的立法依据和生态保护对策 :1 .青海东部地区生态保护的关键是禁牧。2 .牧区生态保护的当务之急是以草定畜 ,控制草原载畜量。 3.江河源头高海拔地区是“生命禁区” ,应禁牧 ,封山育草 ,保护植被 ,牧民下山 ,从事多种经营 ,不断提高牧民群众的生活水平 ,使江河源区生态环境得到保护     

现阶段国内外城市固体废弃物的治理技术与治理概况

城市固体废弃物是人们在工业生产活动、生活活动及商业活动中所产生的固体废物,这种废物随着国民经济的发展、人口的增长、人民生活水平的提高,数量不断增加。它破坏了市容,污染环境,给人民健康带来了极大的危害,因此,需加以处置和处理。本文将系统地介绍现阶段国内外城市固体废弃物的现状及处理技术,并针对我国国情,提出合理化的处理方案。     

塔里木河上游及源流区草原荒漠化及其防治研究

加强生态环境保护和建设是西部大开发的战略重点。针对塔里木河流域环境恶化、草地开发利用失衡、草原荒漠化日趋严重的问题,提出具体规划和综合治理方案。     

迎评促建期间大学生思想政治工作的开展与思考

搞好大学生思想政治工作对促进学校的建设工作意义重大.针对当前我院迎评促建工作中的学生思想上存在的误区,应进一步加强宣传、加强思想政治工作队伍建设以及不断总结过去和创新现在,根据当前迎评促建工作的实际,采取一定措施.     

中小城市的光污染及防治对策

我国经济处于高速增长期,建设日新月异,中小城市的光污染问题日趋明显,防治显得十分重要。文章以中山市城区为例,对道路照明、建筑照明、广告照明、绿化照明,以及玻璃幕墙反射等光污染情况进行了调研和评价。根据中山市城区的光污染情况,从制定和完善光污染防治法规体系、加强规划和宏观管理、提高公众参与力度和监督力度、加大人才培养和政策扶持力度、加大清洁生产推广力度以及实施照明设计单位资质认证等多方面提出了对光污染的防治对策。     

环境、资源统计与核算

本文从国家实施可持续发展战略出发，分析了环境统计工作存在的问题。提出了可持续发展的环境，资源统计与核算的新概念。     

Bauxite and alumina: trends and prospects

During the past 25 years the bauxite and alumina industry has grown threefold creating major change in the industry structure and reducing the dominance of the majors. Australia has emerged as the leading producer with a major third party alumina market developed principally by Alcoa of Australia. Future growth while, less dramatic, is likely to be substantial requiring US$50 billion to fund new projects which will be concentrated in developing countries with large bauxite reserves and developed infrastructure.     

Smart and eco-cities in India and China

ABSTRACT

Smart and eco-cities have become important notions for thinking about urban futures. This article contributes to these ongoing debates about smart and eco-urbanism by focussing on recent urbanisation initiatives in Asia. Our study of India’s Smart Cities Mission launched under the administration of Narendra Modi and China’s All-In-One eco-cities project initiated by Xi Jinpin unfolds in two corresponding narratives. Roy and Ong’s [2011. Worlding Cities: Asian Experiments and the Art of Being Global. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell] “worlding cities” serves as the theoretical backdrop of our analysis. Based on a careful review of a diverse set of academic literature, policy and other sources we identify five process-dimensions for analysing the respective urban approaches. We show how the specific features of China’s and India’s urban focus, organisation, implementation, governance and embedding manifest both nations’ approaches to smart and eco-urbanism. We argue that India’s Smart City Mission and China’s All-in-One project are firmly anchored in broader agendas of change that are set out to transform the nation and extend into time. The Indian Smart City Mission is part of a broader ambition to transform the nation enabling her “smart incarnation” in modernity. Smart technologies are seen as the key drivers of change. In China the framework of ecological civilisation continues a 5000-year historical tradition of civilisation excellence. By explicitly linking eco-urbanism to the framework, eco-cities become a means to enact ecological civilisation on the (urban) ground.     

浅谈油气开发与环境安全

文章分析了油气能源现状、油气开发与环境的关系、油气开发与环境安全的关系,油气开发中的环境保护对策与环境监理。得出:油气开发既要做到和谐生产,又要保护环境;在油气开发中,对环境有影响的应加大修复力度,采取相应的环境保护措施,确保有效、长效的环境保护目标。     

Transport and fate of nitrate and pesticides: hydrogeology and riparian zone processes

There is continuing concern over potential impacts of widespread application of nutrients and pesticides on ground- and surface-water quality. Transport and fate of nitrate and pesticides were investigated in a shallow aquifer and adjacent stream, Cow Castle Creek, in Orangeburg County, South Carolina. Pesticide and pesticide degradate concentrations were detected in ground water with greatest frequency and largest concentrations directly beneath and downgradient from the corn (Zea mays L.) field where they were applied. In almost all samples in which they were detected, concentrations of pesticide degradates greatly exceeded those of parent compounds, and were still present in ground waters that were recharged during the previous 18 yr. The absence of both parent and degradate compounds in samples collected from deeper in the aquifer suggests that this persistence is limited or that the ground water had recharged before use of the pesticide. Concentrations of NO(-)(3) in ground water decreased with increasing depth and age, but denitrification was not a dominant controlling factor. Hydrologic and chemical data indicated that ground water discharges to the creek and chemical exchange takes place within the upper 0.7 m of the streambed. Ground water had its greatest influence on surface-water chemistry during low-flow periods, causing a decrease in concentrations of Cl(-), NO(-)(3), pesticides, and pesticide degradates. Conversely, shallow subsurface drainage dominates stream chemistry during high-flow periods, increasing stream concentrations of Cl(-), NO(-)(3), pesticides, and pesticide degradates. These results point out the importance of understanding the hydrogeologic setting when investigating transport and fate of contaminants in ground water and surface water.