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1.
The Singrauli region in the southeastern part of Uttar Pradesh, India is one of the most polluted industrial sites of Asia.
It encompasses 11 open cast coalmines and six thermal power stations that generate about 7,500 MW (about 10% of India’s installed
generation capacity) electricity. Thermal power plants represent the main source of pollution in this region, emitting six
million tonnes of fly-ash per annum. Fly-ash is deposited on soils over a large area surrounding thermal power plants. Fly-ashes
have high surface concentrations of several toxic elements (heavy metals) and high atmospheric mobility. Fly ash is produced
through high-temperature combustion of fossil fuel rich in ferromagnetic minerals. These contaminants can be identified using
rock-magnetic methods. Magnetic susceptibility is directly linked to the concentration of ferromagnetic minerals, primarily
high values of magnetite. In this study, magnetic susceptibility of top soil samples collected from surrounding areas of a
bituminous-coal-fired power plant were measured to identify areas of high emission levels and to chart the spatial distribution
of airborne solid particles. Sites close to the power plant have shown higher values of susceptibility that decreases with
increasing distance from the source. A significant correlation between magnetic susceptibility and heavy metal content in
soils is found. A comparison of the spatial distribution of magnetic susceptibility with heavy-metal concentrations in soil
samples suggests that magnetic measurements can be used as a rapid and inexpensive method for proxy mapping of air borne pollution
due to industrial activity. 相似文献
2.
Distribution of heavy metals in water, particulate matter and sediments of Gediz River (Eastern Aegean) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present paper is the first document of heavy metal levels in surficial sediment, water and particulate matter of the Gediz
River collected from five different sites in August, October 1998, February, June 1999. The present work attempts to establish
the status of distribution and environmental implications of metals in the sediment, water and particulate matter and their
possible sources of derivation. The concentrations of mercury ranged 0.037–0.81, 120–430; lead 0.59–1.5, 190–8,100; copper
0.24–1.6, 30–180; zinc 0.19–2.9, 10–80; manganese 30–170, 20–490; nickel 0.39–9.0, 100–510; iron 1.3–687, 100–6,200 μg/l in
water and particulate matter, respectively. The maximum values in water were generally obtained in summer periods due to industrial
and agricultural activities at Muradiye. The particulate metal concentrations also generally showed increased levels from
the upper Gediz to the mouth of the river. Calculation of metal partition coefficients shows that the relative importance
of the particulate and the water phases varies in response to water hydrochemistry and suspended solid content, but that most
elements achieve a conditional equilibrium in the Gediz River. The metals ranged between Hg: 0.25–0.49, Cr: 59–814, Pb: 38–198,
Cu: 15–148, Zn: 34–196, Mn: 235–1,371, Ni: 35–175, and Fe: 10,629–72,387 mg/kg in sediment. The significant increase of metals
found in Muradiye suggested a pollution effect, related to anthropogenic wastes. Also, relatively high concentrations of Ni
and Mn occurred in sampling site upstream, due to geochemical composition of the sediments. Maximum values of contamination
factor for metals were noticed for sediment of Muradiye. The sampling stations have very high degree of contamination indicating
serious anthropogenic pollution. 相似文献
3.
采用原子吸收分光光度法、原子荧光法和电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定了贾鲁河表层沉积物中6种重金属的含量,用灼烧法测定贾鲁河表层沉积物中有机质含量。运用地累积指数法对贾鲁河流域表层沉积物中重金属污染状况进行评价,并且通过主成分分析法研究贾鲁河重金属污染来源。结果表明:贾鲁河表层沉积物中As、Cu、Ni、Zn的含量比2004年淮河表层沉积物中相应重金属含量明显偏高。重金属污染程度为:As〉Cu〉Zn〉Pb〉Ni〉Cr。通过主成分分析进一步对重金属来源的确定,发现前2个主成分的贡献率分别为58.85%和19.74%,污染来源主要有两类,分别是工农业、生活排污的点源污染,自然变化对沉积物的影响,岩石风化与侵蚀过程和有机质降解矿化的内源污染。 相似文献