国外建筑废弃物循环利用的经验及对我国的启示

伴随着建筑废弃物产生量的迅速增长,建筑废弃物循环利用已成为循环经济发展的重点领域。从完善的法律法规、深度循环利用方式和产业化发展等方面,对国外发达国家废弃物循环利用的经验和做法加以总结和提升,并结合我国实际,提出建立健全我国建筑废弃物法律法规体系、构筑多级循环利用模式和培育废弃物利用产业体系的几点启示,以期为我国相关部门制定建筑废弃物的相关政策制度、提高建筑废弃物的循环再利用水平提供参考和依据。     

北京市建筑废弃物资源化利用研究与项目示范

针对北京市建筑废弃物产量大、资源化利用率低的问题,分析了北京市建筑废弃物的来源、产量、组分及处理现状,阐述了建筑废弃物资源化利用途径和资源化利用工艺,介绍了朝阳区建筑废弃物资源化示范项目建设情况,给出了北京市建筑废弃物资源化利用设施建设合理建议。     

建筑废弃物回收再利用项目运作模式刍探

建筑废弃物处理是城市建设中的一大难题,如果实行简单填埋,不仅污染环境、造成资源浪费,而且也耗费政府大量财力.介绍了深圳市龙岗区通过创新招标方式,公开出让特许经营权,引入企业运用先进技术对建筑废弃物实行综合再利用的一些做法,同时对城市建筑废弃物回收再利用如何实现规模化和产业化发展,以及政府在推动循环经济发展方面如何将经济效益与社会效益有机结合提出了一些看法.     

建筑垃圾循环利用实践

建筑垃圾的循环利用是今后建筑垃圾处理的必经之路。在对国内外建筑垃圾循环利用的相关政策、法律法规及回收现状进行比较分析的基础上,对目前建筑垃圾循环利用的案例进行调查整理,总结出建筑垃圾循环利用的一般过程;并在对目前建筑垃圾循环利用的方法进行研究后,介绍了一种先进实用的建筑垃圾循环利用方法;最后对我国建筑垃圾循环利用存在的问题进行剖析并提出解决问题的建议,以期对我国建筑垃圾循环利用的发展有所裨益。     

我国电子废弃物回收体系建设的思路与保障措施

随着电子信息产业的高速发展和人民生活水平的不断提高,电子废弃物的数量也不断增长,成为21世纪增长最快的固体废弃物。从我国电子废弃物的回收利用现状入手进行分析,提出建设一套专业回收利用体系,形成以城市社区回收点为基础,中转交投中心为纽带,资源循环利用为目的,点面结合、三位一体的电子废弃物回收利用体系,逐步提高回收、集散、循环利用能力,促进行业健康、有序发展。     

关于推进资源循环利用基地建设的指导意见

正发改办环资[2017]1778号为落实"十三五"规划《纲要》和《国务院关于深入推进新型城镇化建设的若干意见》,大力发展循环经济,加快资源循环利用基地建设,推进城市公共基础设施一体化,促进垃圾分类和资源循环利用,推动新型城市发展,提出如下意见。一、建设资源循环利用基地的重要意义资源循环利用基地是对废钢铁、废有色金属、废旧轮胎、建筑垃圾、餐厨废弃物、园林废弃物、废旧纺织品、废塑料、废润滑油、废纸、快递包装物、废玻璃、生活垃圾、城市污泥等城市废弃物进行分类利用和集中处置的场所。基地与城市垃圾     

我国农药包装材料废弃物污染现状及循环利用对策初探

我国是农业大国,大量的农药包装材料废弃物给农村环境和人畜安全带来了严重的威胁,同时也造成了资源浪费。分析了我国农药包装材料废弃物的现状与危害,以及目前我国对农药包装废弃物的主要处理方式和存在的问题。对比了国内外农药包装废弃物处理现状,提出了借助农药特有的销售渠道,建立有效的回收体系,并通过技术创新,实现农药包装废弃物的循环利用。     

建筑废弃物再生利用产业链运行模式与主体行为演变规律

建筑废弃物再生利用产业链运行是多元主体协同参与的系统工程,其运行模式和行为规律直接影响产业链运行效益。分析了建筑废弃物再生利用产业链的构成与运行模式,界定了其产业链运行各阶段的主体构成,剖析了产业链运行过程的利益相关主体行为特征,揭示了建筑废弃物再生利用产业链参与主体各阶段主体行为互动关系及演变规律,为建筑废弃物再生利用产业链主体社会责任共担机理研究奠定理论基础。     

“双碳”背景下电子废弃物全生命周期评价与管理对策

日益增长的电子废弃物具有高污染性和高附加值的双重属性,在“双碳”背景下高效回收利用电子废弃物成为我国必须面临的环境管理问题。从电子废弃物的基本特征分析入手,对回收、运输、储存和再生利用环节当前面临的现状与困境进行了剖析。并围绕“碳中和、碳达峰”的目标,提出通过发展基于大数据的全生命周期管理体系强化监督,加强回收体系建设构筑社会化回收网络,发展绿色低碳技术提高资源化综合利用率,通过技术的有效融合,推进电子废弃物资源循环产业化,建立健全绿色低碳循环发展经济体系。     

我国城市园林废弃物及其资源化利用现状

随着"公园城市"和"森林城市"建设,我国城市园林废弃物产量急剧增加,准确了解我国城市园林废弃物存量及其资源化利用现状,可为相关政策制定和技术研究提供指导,促进我国生态文明建设。基于公开报道的文献数据估算了我国的园林废弃物产生量,测算了我国城市园林废弃物中的资源潜力,对各种资源化利用技术进行分析比较,分析了我国城市园林废弃物资源化利用现状,并基于社会认知、政策、经济效益等方面,分析了我国城市园林废弃物资源化利用率低的原因。     

广州市建筑垃圾资源化的必要性分析

摘要：随着广州市城市化进程的不断加快,城市建筑垃圾的排出量也在快速增长,如何应对和处理建筑垃圾所带来的“垃圾围城”困境,已经成为人们不得不面对的重要问题,推进建筑垃圾资源化是开展建筑垃圾综合治理的有效途径。论述了建筑垃圾资源化再生利用的必要性、紧迫性,指出了广州市建筑垃圾资源化过程中存在的问题,为推进广州市建筑垃圾综合处理实践提供了参考。     

Environmental management of construction and demolition waste in Kuwait

There is an increasing pressure on the construction industry to reduce costs and improve the quality of our environment. The fact is that both of these goals can be achieved at the same time. Although construction and demolition (C&D) constitutes a major source of waste in terms of volume and weight, its management and recycling efforts have not yet seen the light in Kuwait. This study focuses on recycling efforts leading to the minimization of the total C&D waste that is currently landfilled in Kuwait. This paper presents the current status of C&D waste disposal system in Kuwait and identifies the potential problems to the environment, people and economy. Then, it investigates alternative solutions to manage and control this major type of waste in an economically efficient and environmentally safe manner. Next, the paper describes the feasibility of establishing a C&D waste recycling facility in Kuwait. It concludes by highlighting the major benefits and bottleneck problems with such a recycling facility.     

把握机遇乘势而为全力推进再生资源回收体系建设——对温家宝总理关于建立废旧商品回收体系重要指示的理解

2011年9月22日,国务院总理温家宝主持召开国务院常务会议,部署建立完整、先进的废旧商品回收体系。在深刻学习、理解会议精神的基础上,提出了全力推动再生资源回收体系建设向纵深发展,必须要做到“四个坚持,一个加强”。     

Benchmarking in municipal solid waste recycling

The paper presents an analysis of the factors influencing the recycling potential of municipalities in Israel, including population size and density, geographic location, current waste levels, and current waste management system. We employ a standard regression analysis in order to develop an econometric model to predict where potential for economically efficient recycling is highest. By applying this model to readily available data, it is possible to predict with close to 90% accuracy whether or not recycling will be economically efficient in any given municipality. Government agencies working to promote advanced waste management solutions have at their disposal only limited resources and budget, and so must concentrate their efforts where they will be most effective. The paper thus provides policy-makers with a powerful tool to help direct their efforts to promote recycling at those municipalities where it is indeed optimal.     

Emergy analysis of the recycling options for construction and demolition waste

Construction and demolition (C&D) waste is becoming a major contributor to environmental pollution. In Shanghai, China, the quantity of C&D waste is 2.11E+07 t/yr, which accounts for 45% of the total quantity of solid waste. There has been a growing promotion of recycling C&D waste as an effective way to solve this waste problem. However, the evaluation of the efficiency of recycling C&D waste as a potential source of resources is largely based on traditional economic analysis. The economic analysis emphasizes money instead of the harmony between economic benefit and environmental effects. There is a need for a new strategic approach to investigate the efficiency of recycling C&D waste to achieve the integration between economic, social and environmental effects. Emergy theory can be employed to analyze different recycling options for C&D waste. With reference to the Chinese construction industry, this paper demonstrates that the close-loop recycling option is better than the open-loop recycling option for C&D waste in terms of the integration of social, environmental and sustainable aspects. To evaluate different technology solutions for C&D waste recycling, the emergy theory and method is not limited to a cost-benefit balance but can include economic, social, environmental and sustainable effects.     

Experimental study of rubber tire aggregates effect on compressive and dynamic load-bearing properties of cylindrical concrete specimens

Sustainable development has become a major focus for engineers and planners as part of their collective efforts in finding, developing and integrating environmental-friendly solutions for material recycling and waste management into design and construction of civil engineering infrastructure. In the past three decades, there has been an increase in recycling and application of waste materials into the concrete to decrease costs and improve material properties of the concrete. Significant growth in automobile manufacturing industry and increased rubber tire supply for vehicles suggested the application of waste tire particles as concrete aggregates to minimize the ecological footprint of the rubber tire waste due to its recycling process difficulties. In this paper, the effect of rubber tire particles on compressive and dynamic strength of concrete specimens with different particle percentiles was tested on more than 55 cylindrical specimens. To achieve the optimal mix design properties of rubber tire concrete specimens, both fine and coarse aggregates got replaced by fine and coarse rubber particles. Introduction of rubber tire particles as coarse and fine aggregate reduces the brittleness of the concrete and provides more flexible aggregate bonding which ultimately improves the dynamic resistance of the concrete. It increases the concrete workability and provides environmental-friendly and cost-effective solutions in using recycled materials for concrete construction applications.     

Cross-cultural comparison of concrete recycling decision-making and implementation in construction industry

Waste management is pressing very hard with alarming signals in construction industry. Concrete waste constituents major proportions of construction and demolition waste of 81% in Australia. To minimize concrete waste generated from construction activities, recycling concrete waste is one of the best methods to conserve the environment. This paper investigates concrete recycling implementation in construction. Japan is a leading country in recycling concrete waste, which has been implementing 98% recycling and using it for structural concrete applications. Hong Kong is developing concrete recycling programs for high-grade applications. Australia is making relatively slow progress in implementing concrete recycling in construction. Therefore, empirical studies in Australia, Hong Kong, and Japan were selected in this paper. A questionnaire survey and structured interviews were conducted. Power spectrum was used for analysis. It was found that “increasing overall business competitiveness and strategic business opportunities” was considered as the major benefit for concrete recycling from Hong Kong and Japanese respondents, while “rising concrete recycling awareness such as selecting suitable resources, techniques and training and compliance with regulations” was considered as the major benefit from Australian respondents. However, “lack of clients’ support”, “increase in management cost” and “increase in documentation workload, such as working documents, procedures and tools” were the major difficulties encountered from Australian, Hong Kong, and Japanese respondents, respectively. To improve the existing implementation, “inclusion of concrete recycling evaluation in tender appraisal” and “defining clear legal evaluation of concrete recycling” were major recommendations for Australian and Hong Kong, and Japanese respondents, respectively.     

天津市餐厨垃圾回收现状与对策

餐厨垃圾是一种具有较高再生利用价值的资源,但是处置不当会给社会造成危害。天津市餐厨垃圾的回收包括规范化的再生资源回收企业回收、以养猪和炼制餐厨再生食用油为目的的非法回收商贩回收、城市普通生活垃圾收集处理系统回收等三种形式。以源头单独集中、清洁化单独收运、无害化处理和资源化利用为指导原则,开展城市餐厨垃圾的规范化回收符合发展循环经济的根本要求。从加强宣传教育、加大食用油监管力度、健全行政监管体系、完善餐厨垃圾规范化收集网络等角度,提出推动天津市餐厨垃圾回收规范化发展的对策。     

Estimation of construction waste generation and management in Thailand

This study examines construction waste generation and management in Thailand. It is estimated that between 2002 and 2005, an average of 1.1 million tons of construction waste was generated per year in Thailand. This constitutes about 7.7% of the total amount of waste disposed in both landfills and open dumpsites annually during the same period. Although construction waste constitutes a major source of waste in terms of volume and weight, its management and recycling are yet to be effectively practiced in Thailand. Recently, the management of construction waste is being given attention due to its rapidly increasing unregulated dumping in undesignated areas, and recycling is being promoted as a method of managing this waste. If effectively implemented, its potential economic and social benefits are immense. It was estimated that between 70 and 4,000 jobs would have been created between 2002 and 2005, if all construction wastes in Thailand had been recycled. Additionally it would have contributed an average savings of about 3.0 x 10(5) GJ per year in the final energy consumed by the construction sector of the nation within the same period based on the recycling scenario analyzed. The current national integrated waste management plan could enhance the effective recycling of construction and demolition waste in Thailand when enforced. It is recommended that an inventory of all construction waste generated in the country be carried out in order to assess the feasibility of large scale recycling of construction and demolition waste.