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城市污泥焚烧处理是世界环保领域的前沿课题.在我国尚处于起步阶段。结合城市污泥流化床焚烧试验,探索城市污泥流化床焚烧技术的内在规律。研究了城市污泥在流化床的不同二次风率、不同水分、不同流化速度及不同过剩空气系数时的燃烧。城市污泥试验研究表明,在污泥水分小于50%时,污泥能够稳定地燃烧,床温能稳定保持在785℃以上:污泥水分大于50%时,因其含水量较大,有效热值低,污泥无法维持稳定燃烧。污泥燃烧时,二次风率对炉内温度稳定分布影响较大,合适的二次风率(约40%)有助于提高悬浮段内温度,强化污泥在悬浮段内的燃烧。流化速度过高,会减少床内污泥燃烧份额,降低床温,不利于污泥的燃烧:速度过小,则会影响床内污泥流化状况,恶化床内污泥燃烧。 相似文献
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中国城市垃圾处理的主要方式正在由卫生填埋向垃圾焚烧转变. 基于中国城市垃圾焚烧处置需求特征分析,建立了技术评价指标体系,采用层次分析法,从技术的可靠性、经济性和适用性三方面,对国内外现有4种主要城市垃圾焚烧技术进行了综合评价. 结果表明:流化床技术和层燃技术在技术成熟度、技术能力和二NFDA1英污染控制等方面相对可靠,适用于我国多数大城市的垃圾焚烧处置. 国产流化床焚烧技术更加适应当前国内垃圾分类水平较差的大部分城市;层状焚烧技术则比较适用于城市垃圾管理水平高、垃圾分类较好、热值较高、垃圾处置集中度高和规模较大的城市;旋转焚烧和热解焚烧技术则较适用于垃圾成分复杂、尺寸不均匀的小城镇、工业园区垃圾处置或医疗废物处置,但二者均需加强二NFDA1英排放控制. 相似文献
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垃圾成分的不稳定性导致循环流化床(CFB)垃圾焚烧锅炉燃烧情况不稳定,使炉膛正压冒烟,污染环境。本文提出在炉膛二次风入口处增加文丘里管,连通垃圾拨料入口的改造设计方案,来解决CFB垃圾焚烧炉的正压冒烟问题,具有设备简单、改造费用少的优点,对目前CFB焚烧垃圾的控制及污染物控制有重要参考价值及工程应用价值。 相似文献
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采用数值模拟方法研究了燃用高热值生活垃圾的焚烧炉结构对燃烧安全、温度分布以及烟气特性的影响,对某650 t/d垃圾焚烧炉冷、热态进行模拟,探究了二次风温度、二次风布置方式以及后拱角度对炉内燃烧的影响。模拟结果显示:二次风温度由180℃降至25℃后,炉内整体平均温度下降约80℃,有利于缓解炉内结焦、高温腐蚀的问题;前墙下层二次风移至前拱后,二次风气流会形成"风幕",压迫可燃气体贴近炉排,可能造成炉排烧坏、进料口回火等问题;在此基础上将前拱二次风移至前墙后,第1烟道烟气充满度高、且温度分布更为均匀,同时第1烟道出口气体组分浓度满足GB 18485-2014《生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准》,适合燃用高热值生活垃圾。 相似文献
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城市生活垃圾低污染气化熔融系统研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为彻底消除城市生活垃圾焚烧过程中的二次污染,对流化床气化与旋风燃烧熔融系统进行了研究.我国典型城市生活垃圾流化床气化试验表明,最佳气化温度为600℃左右;对垃圾焚烧飞灰进行熔融特性试验表明,垃圾焚烧飞灰在1 300℃左右、垃圾掺煤焚烧飞灰在1 400℃左右时,能顺利熔融,二分解率99.99%以上,重金属有效固化.结合我国实际,提出了2种气化熔融系统方案:①基于垃圾综合处理的筛上物气化熔融技术方案;②原生垃圾+辅助燃料气化熔融技术方案;并进行相应的热力性能分析,研究表明2种方案都能较好满足气化熔融要求. 相似文献
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垃圾在流化床中燃烧的特性 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
在一台特别设计的小型流化床燃烧实验台上对垃圾可燃物代表组分进行实验研究 .结果表明 ,干燥的垃圾在床温仅为 50 0℃就能在很短的时间内迅速燃烧 ,产生明亮的火焰 .在本实验条件下 ,床温没有因为实验组分的加入而下降 ,而是随着垃圾的迅速燃烧而急剧升温 ,床温提高 30~ 70℃不等 .垃圾在流化床中燃烧受多种因素的影响 ,并讨论了当物料形状 (整或碎 )、含水量、实验风量 (从 5.5m3/h到 7.5m3/h)等因素变化后对于燃烧气体成分及炉内温度的影响 .在本实验条件下 ,当物料剪碎后会引起炉内温度水平明显提高 ,并使得CO排放量略有下降 .物料含水量增加时会导致炉内温度水平明显下降 .实验风量提高时 ,CO排放量明显减少 . 相似文献
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IntroductionTheprocessofmunicipalsolidwaste(MSW)isoneofthemostseriousissuesintermsofenvironmentalprotection.ProcessingofMSWwithoutfurtherdisastrouscontaminationcanbeachievedonlyinmodernizedmeasures,suchasincineratingandenergygeneratingconcurrently(Shen… 相似文献
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Xiao Gang Ni Mingjiang Chi Yong Jin Yuqi Zhang Jiaquan Miao Qi Cen Kefa 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China》2007,1(4):498-503
In order to eliminate secondary pollution caused by municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration, a MSW gasification and melting
process is proposed. The process is expected to reduce the emission of pollutants, especially heavy-metals and dioxins. In
this paper, the combustible components of MSW and simulated MSW were gasified in a lab-scale fluidized bed at 400°C–700°C
when the excess air ratio (ER) was between 0.2 and 0.8. The experimental results indicated that the MSW could be gasified
effectively in a fluidized bed at approximately 600°C–700°C when excess air ratio was 0.2–0.4. The melting characteristics
of two typical fly ash samples from MSW incinerators were investigated. The results indicated that fly ash of pure MSW incineration
could be melted at approximately 1,300°C and that of MSW and coal co-combustion could be melted at approximately 1,400°C.
When temperature was over 1,100°C, more than 99.9% of the dioxins could be decomposed and most of the heavy-metals could be
solidified in the slag. Based on the above experiments, two feasible MSW gasification and melting processes were proposed
for low calorific value MSW: (1) sieved MSW gasification and melting system, which was based on an idea of multi-recycle;
(2) gasification and melting scheme of MSW adding coal as assistant fuel.
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Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(1): 69–73 [译自: 环境科学] 相似文献
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CHI Yong WEN Jun-ming ZHANG Dong-ping YAN Jian-hu NI Ming-jiang CEN Ke-fa 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2005,17(4):699-704
IntroductionWiththedepletionofspaceforlandfillingofmunicipalsolidwasteandtherisingpricesforrawmaterials ,moreandmorefluidizedbedincineratorshavebeenusedtotreatMSWduetotheprimaryadvantagesofhygieniccontrol,volumereductionandenergyrecovery .BecausetheMSWhas… 相似文献
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Low SO2 emission from CFB co-firing MSW and bituminous 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Influence of co-firing rate on SO2 emission from co-firing municipal solid waste(MSW) and bituminous containing high amount of sulfur(1.79%) was studied in a 0.15 MWt circulating fluidized bed (CFB). The temperature selected is 1123 K, typical for MSW incineration using CFB. The particle concentration in the dilution zone of the furnace, the alkali metal concentration and sulfate concentration in the recirculating ash and fly ash, and flue gas composition were determined. The results showed that the addition of MSW leads to a significant decrease in SO2 emission. Concentration of SO2 in flue gas decreased to 0 with the co-firing rate greater than 51%. This reduction in SO2 emission is attributed both to the high particle concentration in the dilution zone of the furnace, the high content of alkali metals in the bed material, and to the comparatively high concentration of HCI in flue gas during co-firing of MSW and bituminous. 相似文献
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As incineration provides a relatively safe means of disposal, significant reduclaon ot welglat anti volume, ana energy recovery from the waste, it was adopted by many countries. For the experimental investigation on the combustion characteristics of municipal solid waste( MSW),a lab scale fluldized bed facility was constructed. Many kinds of combustion runs were conducted in this fluidized bed combustion facility. The examined parameters were bed temperature(773 to 1143K), form of fuels ( scrap or whole), moisture of fuels and so on. Concentration of CO2,CO,SO2, O2 and NOx in the flue gas were monitored and recorded every 5 seconds. The temperatttres along the reactor are recorded every 10 seconds. Experimental. results were given and analyzed. 相似文献
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在实验室规模的热态流化床试验台上,进行了含5%己二胺有机废液的焚烧 实验研究,在700-900℃范围内,研究温度及空气过剩系数对NOx沿床高的变化规律,以及它们对NOx排放浓度的影响。实验结果表明,沿高度方向上NOx浓度 逐渐降低,并且存在NO2浓度大于NO浓度这一有趣现象,在900℃下氧量增加有利于密相区NO、NO2浓度的降低,说明在 有氧条件下NH2促进NOx的还原,在不同空气 过剩系数下和然相区出口NOx几乎为零 ,表明900℃是己二胺有机废液焚烧 的合适温度。 相似文献