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关于中国农村土地制度的产权经济思考 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文首先运用现代产权经济理论对我国农村现行土地制度进行分析,进而提出我国农村土地宜实行复合所有制,并从土地特征、我国现实情况、土地制度的历史变迁,农地制度改革的风险和成本、各国土地制度变迁的趋势等方面进行了论证。 相似文献
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为从更高的宏观管理层次对农用地进行规划利用,给管理决策者提供一种客观科学的决策工具,以适应土地整理工作的未来发展.通过对国内外土地整理成功经验的总结分析,依据研究区现状及未来规划,借鉴已有的土地整理模式,结合GIS技术,建立了农村土地整理决策信息系统,并应用于具体区域. 相似文献
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《资源开发与市场》2020,(1)
采用基准地价代替农村集体经营性建设用地成本,核算农村集体土地增值收益调节金,为建立兼顾国家、集体、个人的土地增值收益分配机制提供参考。采用对比分析法和实证分析法对重庆市大足区农村土地增值收益调节金进行分析,结果表明:基准地价更趋近于成本价,而非市场价;农村集体与个人在入市制度与征地制度中的收益可实现大体平衡;在调整基准地价和调节金标准的情况下,以基准地价代替土地成本用以核算调节金的做法可行。以基准地价代替土地成本,可解决农村集体经营性建设用地成本核算难题,确保入市改革顺利推进,并为构建城乡统一的土地增值收益分配制度奠定基础。同时,应尽快建立标定地价,基准地价才能逐步回归成本价定位。 相似文献
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一个完善的制度是保证旅游业持续发展的关键.在新制度经济理论的指导下和界定制度变迁相关概念的基础上,分析了制度变迁对旅游发展的效应.从制度变迁对旅游发展是否存在效应、正效应还是负效应、具体效应与不同区域的效应有无差异等方面构建了研究框架和主要内容. 相似文献
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建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会,需要在人与自然和谐发展的共有信念下,通过制度创新和制度变迁,实现个体理性向集体理性的收敛。制度变迁是构建资源节约型、环境友好型社会的关键所在,而制度变迁的内在机理是资源相对价格和人们消费偏好的变迁。通过强制性制度变迁,建立完善的法律法规体系、政策支持体系、技术创新体系和激励约束机制,形成低投入、低消耗、低排放和高效率的节约型增长方式;通过诱致性制度变迁,唤起公众的节约意识和环保意识,从而提升整个社会的环境责任感,让足够的认知成为公众自觉行动的能力。 相似文献
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农村养老体系的有效建立,离不开农村最重要的土地资源,如何利用农村土地来优化农村养老体系,提升养老质量,就显得尤为重要。针对这一课题,笔者通过河北省农村基层建设年活动,对河北省不同县市的10个村500个农户进行了调查,查找农村土地流转和农村养老面临的问题和困境,并针对当前农村养老体系不健全,新旧养老保障模式衔接不畅和农村土地流转水平低下、流转形式单一的现状,提出农村土地制度的改革要为农村养老提供资金支持,要为新旧农村养老保障体系的转变提供便利的宏观建议。 相似文献
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《资源开发与市场》2019,(8)
征地制度是我国土地制度重要组成部分,一直是学术研究和政策决策的热点和难点。以CSSCI数据库收录的1998—2018年关于土地征收主题的776篇文献为样本,借助知识网络分析工具Cite Space绘制科学知识图谱,系统分析了土地征收领域研究的总体概况、研究热点和演化历程。研究发现:①土地征收领域的研究热点主要围绕征地范围界定、征地补偿安置、征地收益分配、征地程序规范和征地冲突化解5个方面;②土地征收研究大致经历了概念界定、征地制度改革、问题治理、土地制度改革背景下征地制度改革的演化路径。基于此,未来该领域将侧重于梳理总结土地制度改革背景下征地制度改革试点的进程、成效与问题,为征地制度的完善和未来发展方向提供理论依据。同时,"公共利益"的界定、失地农民的补偿安置和征地冲突问题仍是未来研究的重点。 相似文献
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全域土地综合整治是土地整治的发展演变与创新探索,是生态文明背景下缓解土地资源供需矛盾、推进农用地、建设用地集约高效利用,强化生态空间保护与修复的重要手段。三生空间涵盖了乡村发展所需的空间类型,成为推动生态文明建设、优化国土空间格局、实施乡村振兴战略的载体。着力探讨全域土地综合整治与三生空间逻辑关系,并以全域土地综合整治为手段,探索新时期乡村三生空间治理路径,提出以全域整治盘活存量用地、建立用地指标纵向传导体系、强化生态全要素修复和注重“人-地-财-社区”的制度保障设计等规划策略,以期达到优化乡村空间布局、促进资源要素流动,推动全域全要素精细化管理的目的,以期为同类地区乡村发展提供新思路。 相似文献
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Morris J Bailey AP Lawson CS Leeds-Harrison PB Alsop D Vivash R 《Journal of environmental management》2008,88(2):372-381
In many river floodplains in the UK, there has been a long history of flood defence, land reclamation and water regime management for farming. In recent years, however, changing European and national policies with respect to farming, environment and flood management are encouraging a re-appraisal of land use in rural areas. In particular, there is scope to develop, through the use of appropriate promotional mechanisms, washland areas, which will simultaneously accommodate winter inundation, support extensive farming methods, deliver environmental benefits, and do this in a way which can underpin the rural economy. This paper explores the likely economic impacts of the development of flood storage and washland creation. In doing so, consideration is given to feasibility of this type of development, the environmental implications for a variety of habitats and species, and the financial and institutional mechanisms required to achieve implementation. 相似文献
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Issues of connectivity between different infrastructure sectors have received surprisingly little attention in recent research. Despite huge interest in issues of sectoral integration surrounding the water–energy nexus, researchers have rarely considered what this might mean for the coupling of infrastructure systems for water/wastewater and energy services. Consequently, the implications of greater connectivity for the governance and socio-spatial constitution of infrastructures are largely unexplored. This paper addresses this research gap with a case study of an attempt to use treated wastewater to produce biomass for energy on degraded land in the Berlin–Brandenburg region of Germany. It takes water reuse for energy crop production as an exemplar of work at the water–energy nexus in order to explore the institutional, spatial and physical dimensions involved in connecting two infrastructure systems to this end. It argues that cross-sectoral integration reaches far beyond issues of technological compatibility, revealing often hidden but crucial differences in the institutional and spatial configuration of energy and wastewater systems. The paper draws conclusions on the broader implications of the case for understanding institutional challenges of cross-sectoral connectivity on the one hand and prospects for reconfiguring infrastructural relations between cities and rural areas on the other. 相似文献
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济南市农村居民点用地分析及节约利用对策 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
随着城市化水平的提高以及城市规模的扩大,耕地日趋减少,城市用地需求量不断增加,用地矛盾加剧。通过对济南市农村居民点用地现状分析,指出了农村居民点用地存在的问题,土地利用程度低、土地资源浪费是农村居民点用地普遍存在的现象。在当前建设节约型社会的形势下,从提高土地利用程度等方面提出了节约用地的措施,指出平原地区是今后土地利用的重点;采取合理的经济措施,是解决农村居民点用地流转的新途径。 相似文献
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The Spatio-Temporal Dynamic Pattern of Rural Residential Land in China in the 1990s Using Landsat TM Images and GIS 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Through interpreting Landsat TM images, this study analyzes the spatial distribution of rural settlements in China in 2000.
It calculates rural residential land percentage for every 1-km2 cell. The entire country is divided into 33 regions to investigate the spatio-temporal dynamic patterns of rural residential
land during the 1990s. According to the remote sensing survey, the rural residential land increased by 7.88 × 105 ha in the 1990s. The increment of rural residential land was 0.55 million ha in 1990–1995 and 0.23 million ha in 1995–2000.
In 1990–1995, rural residential land increased dramatically in the eastern regions such as the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl
River Delta, and North China Plain, accounting for 80.80% of the national growth; the expansion in the western regions was
much more moderate. In 1995–2000, the expansion of rural residential land in eastern regions slowed, accounting for only 58.54%
of the increase at the national level, whereas the expansion in the western regions accelerated. Rapid rural residential development
resulted from increasing home construction and the limited control on rural land. The great regional disparity reflected the
regional economic development and land-use policy change. Our finding shows that nearly 60% of the rural residential area
came from cropland. 相似文献