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ERS-2 SAR和Landsat ETM+数据融合提取崇明东滩典型地物信息与分类 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以长江口崇明东滩为研究区,在分析崇明东滩典型地物的反射光谱特性和散射特性的基础上,对ERS-2 SAR数据和Landsat ETM+数据分别进行了处理,其中对ERS-2 SAR数据进行了小波去噪处理和纹理特征信息的提取,对ETM+数据进行了HIS彩色空间变换,然后在特征级层次上对两者进行了信息融合,最后对融合后的图像进行了典型地物信息的提取,并且根据我们野外实地调查数据和已有的研究成果,对本文的分类结果进行了评价,取得了满意的效果。 相似文献
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城市拓展中湿地的综合保护与发展 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
在简单回顾世界城市发展过程中对沿海湿地的威胁和影响上,以广州南沙地区为例,对其城市拓展和生态规划中的湿地综合保护与发展进行了探讨。从南沙地区规划中的功能定位出发,分析了该区的湿地类型和分布特征,对其重点湿地进行了确定,从湿地的功能与价值、湿地资源的稀缺性上分析了湿地保护的重要性,重点对湿地的稀缺性进行了论证。基于相似性理论,特别对十九涌湿地、大虎岛东岸湿地和龙穴岛东岸湿地进行了替代性和补偿性分析,充分论述了建立湿地保护小区的重要性和解决关键联系的必要性。初步对湿地保护小区的功能区进行了划分,提出了湿地优先保护行动。 相似文献
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沈阳市运河和细河为典型人工河渠,对其污染特征和规律进行了研究和探讨,对历年的整治措施和效益进行了评述,针对生态城市建设的需要,对人工河渠未来的建设目标和对策进行展望,本文侧重论述了城市相关排污因素对人工河渠的影响以及必然经历的整治进程,对于生态城市水系建设和水环境质量改善的重点进行了概述分析。 相似文献
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对太阳电池阵基板用涂有有机硅/SiO2杂化涂层的Kapton膜进行的工程化应用试验评价研究进行了介绍。通过真空下材料的出气试验,对材料的总质量损失(TML)和可凝挥发物(CVCM)进行了测试。进行了温度冲击试验、粒子辐照试验,对涂层的环境耐受性进行了研究。通过原子氧试验,对带涂层薄膜的原子氧剥蚀率进行了研究。此外还对涂层薄膜进行了力学性能试验和粘接性能试验,对带涂层薄膜的拉伸强度、胶接剪切性能及与基板胶接后的剥离性能进行了测试。试验结果表明防护涂层满足工程应用的技术要求。 相似文献
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黄土高原住区生活垃圾处理与资源化研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以延安市为示范点对黄土高原住区生活垃圾的处理与资源化进行了研究。在对目前延安市生活垃圾特点和处理与资源化现状进行调查和分析的基础上 ,提出了以垃圾分类收集为关键 ,分别进行卫生填埋和焚烧的生活垃圾处理系统 ,并对卫生填埋和焚烧工艺的重要部分进行了设计 相似文献
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机动车尾气排放VOCs研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
机动车尾气排放的挥发性有机物(VOCs)严重危害着人类的健康和大气环境,备受人们关注。本综述对机动车尾气排放VOCs的采样和分析等监测技术研究进展进行了综合和概括;对国内外机动车尾气排放VOCs的研究进行了分类和归纳。对国内研究存在的问题进行了总结,并对未来相关研究进行了展望。目前,国内机动车排放VOCs源成分谱、采样分析方法,以及其排放特征都需要进一步深入研究。 相似文献
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Within the literature on common-pool resource management, one of the primary methodologies used is the meta-analysis of case studies, due to the difficulties of otherwise producing large-n datasets that span multiple systems. In this paper we respond to a critique of a previous meta-analysis that we have conducted, in which we evaluated Elinor Ostrom’s institutional design principles. Within our response we correct what we perceive to be factual errors contained in this critique, but more importantly we try to use this opportunity to re-evaluate our own work and expand this evaluation to the seminal work of Elinor Ostrom and the research program on common-pool resource management. We find that the original critique highlighted several important points, primarily the challenge of unpacking complex variable relationships and the conflation of diverse outcomes, and we discuss how these are challenges for the larger commons field. We conclude with some comments on how to move forward to confront these challenges. 相似文献
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李俊峰 《环境与可持续发展》2021,46(2):11-13
习近平总书记在第75届联合国大会一般性辩论上发表的重要讲话为我国实现碳达峰目标和碳中和愿景指明了方向。本文针对我国如何统筹碳达峰目标与碳中和愿景工作提出如下建议:一是要充分认识我国实现碳达峰目标的困难和挑战。二是要充分认识到我国碳达峰的任务艰巨,但有一定的基础条件。三是要树立战胜困难的信心和决心。四是要认真总结北京、河北、河南、山西、四川等已经初步实现碳达峰目标地区的经验。五是统筹碳达峰与碳中和,提早安排碳中和各项工作。六是统筹提高能源效率和发展非化石能源。七是统筹能源转型和发展转型。八是成立国家碳中和发展基金。九是建立碳达峰、碳中和的政策机制。十是加强碳达峰、碳中和的国际合作。 相似文献
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沈阳市环境空气质量综合预报系统的设计与建立 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了沈阳市环境空气质量数值预报系统的设计和建立,在原有的统计预报系统中增加了天气预报模式方法,最后将两种方法有机的结合起来,形成了沈阳市环境空气质量综合预报系统. 相似文献
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Urban areas are increasingly seen as having distinct need for climate adaptation. Further, as resources are limited, it is essential to prioritize adaptation actions. At the municipal scale, we suggest that priorities be placed where there is a gap between adaption need and existing adaptation effort. Taking Seattle, USA, as an example, we present this gap in terms of four categories of adaptation options (no-regret, primary, secondary, and tertiary) for the three primary urban hazards—flooding, heat wave, and drought. To do so, we first establish current adaptation need by identifying and categorizing adaptation options. Next, we consider for each option the number of hazards addressed and benefit to and beyond climate adaptation, the projected magnitude of the hazards addressed, the projection’s uncertainty, and the required scale and irreversibility of investment. Third, we assessed Seattle’s current adaptation efforts by reviewing adaptation plans and related materials. Finally, we identify the distance or “gap” as the proportion of adaptation options not identified by existing adaptation plans.For Seattle, we categorized seven options as no-regret adaptation, five as primary, two as secondary, and three as tertiary. Each level’s adaptation gap highlights significant opportunities to take steps to reduce climate risks in key areas. 相似文献
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以芦山地震诱发滑坡数据为研究对象,开展Newmark模型在区域性地震诱发滑坡空间易发性分析中的应用研究.首先采用网格形式进行数据处理,完成地形坡度、地震参数等数据的统一化,重点利用地层岩性数据对Newmark模型内参数开展区域定量化赋值,在此基础上根据Newmark模型及地震参数相关公式分别计算了安全系数、临界加速度和... 相似文献
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本文首先从实践和理论层面论证了目标意志对一个人成才和发展的重要意义。在此基础上,进一步提出了培养大学生目标意志的具体措施和途径,并结合我校学生的实际,指出了我们在培养学生的目标意志方面应转变的观念、应克服的偏见和应采取的措施。 相似文献
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Karimov Bakhtiyor Lieth Helmut Kurambaeva Mohira Matsapaeva Irina 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2005,10(1):87-103
The main objective of this paper is the presentation of water scarcity and water quality problems of fishery and fishermen in the southern Aral Sea region Kazakhstan. We tried in the past to inform interested people about our suggestions how to rehabilitate the situation, how to produce relatively enough fish for the functioning of local fish processing industry and to give people jobs, but we were unable so far to convince decision makers about innovations needed. It is essential therefore to reiterate some of the well-known problems of the region, called the Aral Sea crisis, but we concentrate mostly on the problems for the fishermen. While we do this, we understand, however, that the problem requires solution within the concept of a socioeconomic sustainable development for which we suggest the development of a decision support system based upon a computer simulation model providing optimal solutions. 相似文献