济钢高炉煤气净化回收与综合利用

就河南济源钢铁公司高炉煤气净化系统现状,存在的问题以及改进措施作了详细介绍,净化后的高炉煤气以综合利用,给济钢带来了巨大的经济效益和环境效益,同时指出高炉煤气净化利用是钢铁企业节能降耗,降低生产成本的有效途径之一。     

用干式惯性粉尘分离器净化高炉煤气

目前在炼铁生产中采用的煤气湿式净化方法,使所需净化的煤气温度冷却到30～35℃。此时,高炉煤气的物理热便传到煤气净化所用的水里,最后逸入大气。在现有炼铁生产规模下,往往要损失大量的热能。倘若将高炉煤气的能量用于煤气透平机(其入口要求净化后的高炉煤气温度应有140～160℃),上述现象便特别不能容许。将湿法净化后的煤气再加热到上述温度,在     

萍钢301＃高炉煤气干法净化长袋脉冲除尘器的设计与制造

高炉煤气干法净化技术,是近几年才成熟的技术,与传统的湿法净化方法相比,具有净化效果好,投资省,占地小,自动化程度高,管理方便,无二次污染,节能等众多优点,介绍了萍乡钢铁有限责任公司第二炼钢厂301＃高炉（380立方米）移地大修改造项目高炉煤气干法净化长袋脉冲除尘器的设计与制造。     

煤气安全知识 第二讲 煤气生产(回收)与净化安全(续)

二、高炉煤气生产 (回收)与净化安全高炉煤气生产(回收)净化的一般流程是:在热风炉被加热到1000℃左右的热风,通过混风调节以恒定温度送入高炉与炉料进行炼铁反应,产生含炉尘浓度10～40g/m~3的粗高炉煤气,通过上升管、下降管进入重     

萍钢301#高炉煤气干法净化长袋脉冲除尘器的设计与制造

高炉煤气干法净化技术,是近几年才成熟的技术,与传统的湿法净化方法相比,具有净化效果好、投资省、占地小、自动化程度高、管理方便、无二次污染、节能等众多优点,介绍了萍乡钢铁有限责任公司第二炼铁厂301#高炉(380m3)移地大修改造项目高炉煤气干法净化长袋脉冲除尘器的设计与制造.     

高炉煤气净化存在哪些较大危险因素

正主持人,你好:高炉煤气净化存在的较大危险因素和易发生的事故类型有哪些?如何预防?易安网友易安网友,你好:高炉煤气净化存在的较大危险因素有:煤气泄漏。易发生的事故类型有:中毒和窒息、火灾、其他爆炸。主要预防措施有:(1)常压高炉的洗涤塔、文氏管     

炼铁除尘技术的问题和进展

炼铁生产中的粉尘产生于高炉原料系统、出铁场、煤气系统及喷煤制粉输粉系统。现就炼铁生产除尘技术存在的问题和取得的进展阐述如下。1 高炉煤气干法净化 高炉煤气中的含尘浓度由40～100g/m~3降至使用要求的5～6mg/m~3,要经过一系列的除尘净化过程。高炉煤气除尘净化的传统工艺为湿法除尘。然而湿法除尘有一个很大的缺点,就是煤气洗涤水中含有氰化物及其他有机物,会产生二次污染。处理氰化物要用化学药物或引入水渣池,用冲渣水稀释后进行闭路循环,但冲渣过程中,微量氰化物会随蒸气扩散到大气中而污染大气。此外,湿法除尘使煤气的物理有效能（温度与压力）未得以充分利用。若采用干法除尘,就可提高高炉炉     

煤气安全知识 第二讲 煤气生产(回收)与净化安全

一般来说,钢铁冶金企业生产的煤气有焦炉煤气、高炉煤气和转炉煤气。本讲分别介绍这三种煤气的生产(回收)与净化安全。一、焦炉煤气生产(回收)与净化安全焦炉煤气生产(回收)与净化的一般流程是:煤干馏产生的粗焦炉煤气,经上升管     

昔日黑水沟 今日林荫道

当你漫步在首钢大东门至北辛安这段几里长的柏油马路上,怎么也不会想到这里曾是一条四米宽的黑水沟。 几年前,这条沟每年约有1500万吨高炉煤气洗涤水排入,其中含酚量高达 2.02毫克/升。另外,还有大量含铁尘泥水排入沟。为根治污染,首钢对高炉煤气洗涤水的水质净化和稳定进行了全面的技术改造。治理工程包括水质净化、水塔冷却、水质稳定和矿泥回收四部分。水质净化和冷却采用了自然沉淀净化和冷却塔冷却,真空过滤脱水矿泥回收。水质稳定采用了石灰软化──炭化法。经过处理的高炉煤气洗涤水外排时,悬浮物小于100毫克/升,沉淀后的污泥经过脱…     

全干式煤气布袋除尘在大中型高炉中的应用

高炉煤气全干式布袋除尘净化技术,应用于大中型高炉效果显著,目前此技术已使用成熟且具备推广条件,指出了推广该技术需要完善解决的问题.     

Expansion-controlled evaporation: a safe approach to BLEVE blast

A new method is presented to calculate the blast effects originating from an exploding vessel of liquefied gas. Adequate blast calculation requires full knowledge of the blast source characteristics, i.e., the release and consequent evaporation rate of the flashing liquid. As the conditions that allow explosive evaporation are not entirely clear and the evaporation rate of a flashing liquid is unknown, safe assumptions are the starting point in the modelling. The blast effects from a BLEVE are numerically computed by imposing the vapour pressure of a flashing liquid as boundary condition for the gas dynamics of expansion. The numerical modelling is quantitatively explored just for liquefied propane. In addition, it is demonstrated that often an estimate of BLEVE blast effects is possible with very simple acoustic volume source expressions.

The modelling shows that the rupture of a pressure vessel containing a liquefied gas in free space only develops a blast of significant strength if the vessel nearly instantaneously disintegrates. Even if a rupture and the consequent release and evaporation of a liquefied gas extend over just a short period of time, the blast effects are minor.     

Improved far-field blast predictions from fast deflagrations,DDTs and detonations of vapour clouds using FLACS CFD

The CFD tool FLACS was developed from 1982 with a primary goal to predict gas explosion loads inside oil platform modules. The prediction of far-field blast loads was of secondary importance as any scenario creating a substantial far-field blast would already have collapsed the module where it originated. For the same reason the potential for a deflagration-to-detonation-transition (DDT) was not initially of interest. Over the past decade use of FLACS has been more widespread, and the tool is now frequently used to predict explosions on onshore facilities and FPSOs/FLNGs, where far-field blast loads and evaluation of DDT potential may be of significant interest. Previous work by Hansen et al. (2010) has highlighted a weakness in FLACS when predicting the far-field blast from strong gas explosions and, when using FLACS according to guidelines, far-field blast pressures will often be significantly underpredicted. For scenarios involving DDT this effect will be particularly strong. The current study will present a way to obtain more accurate far-field blast predictions by modified parameter settings in FLACS for strong deflagrations. Using modified settings, it is also possible, with good precision, to predict flame speeds, pressures and far-field blast from DDT-scenarios and directly initiated gas detonations, physics which are beyond the accepted capabilities of FLACS. Selected full-scale experiments from the DNV GL test site at Spadeadam will be used to compare with the simulations. Convincing evidence for DDT in large scale natural gas experiments (91% methane) was found in simulations of one of these tests.     

瓦斯对煤尘爆炸特性影响的实验研究

瓦斯的存在对煤尘爆炸特性的理论计算和数值仿真的结果与实际数据有一定差距,因此,通过不同浓度瓦斯与煤尘共存条件下爆炸实验研究,得出了矿井瓦斯对煤尘的最低着火温度、最小点火能量、爆炸下限浓度、最大爆炸压力和最大爆炸压力上升速度等爆炸特性影响的规律即瓦斯对煤尘最低着火温度影响不大;瓦斯可使煤尘的最小点火能量减小,尤其是对难于点燃的煤尘;混合物的爆炸下限浓度随瓦斯浓度的增加而降低;混合物的最大爆炸压力上升速度由于瓦斯的存在而增强,而最大爆炸压力几乎没有变化。同时研究了瓦斯对无爆炸性煤尘的影响。实验研究的结论对于现场防止煤尘爆炸的发生具有指导意义。     

高炉旋流除尘器煤气泄漏火灾爆炸安全分析

高炉旋流除尘器在检修时,打开顶部眼镜阀,煤气可能外泄.分析了高炉煤气的性质、特点.距离眼镜阀40 m处的煤气放散塔对除尘器的安全使用影响极大.     

脉冲电晕放电去除废水中氰化物的研究

采用脉冲电晕放电等离子体处理含氰高炉煤气洗涤水,设计了针-板式电极结构的等离子体反应器装置。研究了不通入、通入SO2,不放电、放电以及不同初始氰化物浓度条件下,处理含氰废水的效果。大量实验研究表明,无论放电与否,通入SO2均可提高氰化物的去除率;脉冲电晕放电可以提高氰化物的去除率,洗涤水在脉冲电晕区停留时间越长,氰化物去除效率越高;高炉煤气洗涤水中氰化物初始浓度越高,其净化效果越好,洗涤水在脉冲电晕区域停留时间约为2.1 s时,氰化物去除率最高可达99.9%,而初始浓度较低时,几乎没有净化效果。     

基于ARIMA-MC模型钢铁企业高炉煤气发生量预测

为了预测钢铁企业高炉煤气发生量,本文用ARIMA模型及马尔科夫链建立了ARIMA-MC模型对高炉煤气的发生量进行预测。结合某钢铁企业实际的原始数据,通过实验,随机抽取多组测试结果中的两组,1#和2#各30个点进行预测,结果表明预测平均相对误差分别为2.27%、3.03%。实验结果证明新算法的有效性。     

Using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for blast wave predictions

Explosions will, in most cases, generate blast waves. While simple models (e.g., Multi Energy Method) are useful for simple explosion geometries, most practical explosions are far from trivial and require detailed analyses. For a reliable estimate of the blast from a gas explosion it is necessary to know the explosion strength. The source explosion may not be symmetric; the pressure waves will be reflected or deflected when hitting objects, or even worse, the blast waves may propagate inside buildings or tunnels with a very low rate of decay. The use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) explosion models for near and far field blast wave predictions has many advantages. These include more precise estimates of the energy and resulting pressure of the blast wave, as well as the ability to evaluate non-symmetrical effects caused by realistic geometries, gas cloud variations and ignition locations. This is essential when evaluating the likelihood of a given leak source as cause of an explosion or equally when evaluating the potential risk associated with a given leak source for a consequence analysis.In addition, unlike simple methods, CFD explosion models can also evaluate detailed dynamic effects in the near and far field, which include time dependent pressure loads as well as reflection and focusing of the blast waves. This is particularly valuable when assessing actual near-field blast damage during an explosion investigation or potential near-field damage during a risk analysis for a facility. One main challenge in applying CFD, however, is that these models require more information about the actual facility, including geometry details and process information. Collecting the necessary geometry and process data may be quite time consuming. This paper will show some blast prediction validation examples for the CFD model FLACS. It will also provide examples of how directional effects or interaction with objects can significantly influence the dynamics of the blast wave. Finally, the challenge of obtaining useful predictions with insufficient details regarding the geometry will also be addressed.     

泄漏油气燃爆灾害下FPSO结构响应分析

为评估FPSO泄漏油气燃爆事故中结构损伤风险,采用等效TNT法结合AUTODYN软件分析结构在爆炸冲击波下动态响应,分析其塑性、变形及应力分布,评估不同工况下结构损伤程度。结果表明,TNT起爆后冲击波高速传播,10ms时已覆盖工艺I区,经反射叠加耦合后破坏力增强;原油热处理器和电脱盐器发生失效和变形,生产甲板边缘位置受约束较小,发生较大变形,部分区域屈曲破坏;参与反应的油气越多,相同结构等效应力及变形越大,大应力、大变形区域分布越广;d=60mm时部分结构完全失效。     

Attenuation of a point blast shock wave in the dusty air

The behavior of the blast impulse initiated by a point blast in the dusty air is investigated theoretically. It is shown that the jumps of parameters at the shock front in the dusty air follow other regularities in comparison with the case of an ideal gas, beginning from the distance of three dynamic radii, so at ten dynamic radii the difference in overpressure exceeds 60%. When the air heterogeneity is taken into account, substantial gradual changes of wave profile come over and the total blast wave impulse can't be determined by the front overpressure only. The known far asymptotic law takes no place in the point blast flow at the volume dust densities ρ₂₀ > 3·10^?3 kg/m³. In contrast to the ideal gas, the shock front discontinuity vanishes in the dusty air at a finite distance from its origin and the blast wave eventually turns into a dispersive wave without discontinuity. The wave structure changing is studied in the process of the shock wave transformation into the dispersive wave.     

安钢高炉煤气干式净化长袋脉冲除尘技术

干式脉冲煤气布袋除尘作为“十五”国家重点推进的40项冶金节能环保技术的措施之一,成为国内在建高炉优先选择的工艺技术,也是目前高炉改造湿法除尘工艺的技术方向,近几年此技术已成功应用于各大型高炉。较湿法除尘相比各类效益明显,已成为今后大型高炉煤气除尘技术发展的趋势,安钢6#、7#高炉（450 m^3）自使用该技术以来,经过实践摸索,逐渐取得了一些较先进的经验。