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堆肥技术处理有机污染土壤的研究进展 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
堆肥化处理是一种新型、高效的生物修复技术,本文综述了国内外应用堆肥技术处理有机污染土壤的研究进展,总结了对有机污染土壤进行堆肥处理的主要影响因素。本文还指出了堆肥技术目前存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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有机污染土壤通风去污技术研究进展 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
土壤气体抽排净化技术是一种安全、高效、经济的有机污染土壤治理技术。本文系统分析了土壤气体抽排净化技术的特点、现状及发展趋势;总结了估算污染物净化时间的数学模型,概括了影响土壤气体抽排净化技术净化时间的主要因素,包括土壤透气率、含水率、有机污染物气体饱和蒸气压、抽排流速、环境温度,本文还对目前土壤气体抽排净化技术需要研究的问题及发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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持久性有机污染物分析和处理技术研究进展 总被引:22,自引:0,他引:22
阐述了持久性有机污染物(POPs)的特性、POPs对人体健康和生态环境的危害及其判定基准,综述了其分析和研究方法及治理技术,归纳了POPs的研究内容。 相似文献
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微波催化氧化修复技术处理有机氯污染土壤 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用微波催化氧化修复技术处理常州某农药厂有机氯农药污染场地和南通某化工厂有机氯污染场地土壤,考察不同参数条件下实验装置对污染土壤的处理效能。结果表明,在微波功率18kW、微波辐射时间20min、土壤处理量400kg/h、土壤含水率15%、活性炭添加量0.03kg/kg的最佳条件下,实验装置运行稳定,有机氯农药污染土壤中氯丹去除率可达70%左右;有机氯污染土壤中邻二氯苯、石油烃总量、1,2-二氯乙烷、苯酚去除率分别可达到99.98%、91.29%、98.52%、74.74%。研发的污染土壤微波催化氧化修复技术及实验装置对有机氯污染土壤的修复具有一定的普适性。 相似文献
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有机螯合剂的存在能促进土壤中的固相Ni向水溶态转化 ,提高Ni的生物可利用性。本文讨论了土壤中镍的存在形态以及有机螯合剂对土壤中镍形态的影响 ,并从植物吸收Ni的机制出发 ,阐述有机螯合剂对植物吸收Ni和植物生物量的影响 ,分析了植物修复的螯合诱导技术的一些局限性 ,并对植物修复螯合诱导技术提出展望 相似文献
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土壤,地下水中有机污染物的就地处置 总被引:19,自引:2,他引:17
有机化合物对土壤、地下水的污染已引起世界各国的普遍关注。地层介质中的有机物主要以自由态,挥发态、溶解态和固态4种形态存在。有机污染物的自然降解能力较差,如不进行人工清除,在自然环境中它们可能存留长达几埏年之久,对土壤、地下水资源构成长期的威胁。传统的开挖处理技术不仅费用昂贵,而且当贮赃物 地表被利用时则无法进行开挖处理(如有建筑物等)。近扯为,以地下冲洗法,土壤抽水法和地下水曝气法为代表的有机污染 相似文献
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土壤及土壤-植物系统中复合污染的研究进展 总被引:23,自引:0,他引:23
土壤复合污染是土壤污染的主要存在形式,在分析中,主要从土壤重金属复合污染和土壤重金属-有机污染物复合污染方面进行了较为全面的综述,评价了土壤复合污染的多种表征方法,并且讨论了该研究当前仍存在的一些问题。 相似文献
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土壤及地下水有机污染的化学与生物修复 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文综述了土壤及地下水有机污染的化学与生物修复技术研究的最新进展。比较详细地介绍了土壤及地下水有机污染的化学修复、生物修复、化学与生物相结合修复的具体方法、治理效率及其影响因素。 相似文献
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为了探究堆置法处理油污土壤的作用效果,采用单因素实验确定石油初始浓度、温度、土壤含水量、有机质含量、土壤C/N、菌剂浓度相关因素的水平取值范围。以石油烃降解率为评价指标,再通过正交实验进一步优化相关参数,确定最佳条件。结果表明:以石油初始浓度2%、温度35℃、土壤C/N 10∶1为控制变量;以菌剂浓度(X)、有机质含量(Y)、土壤含水量(Z)为变化因素设计正交实验组合L9(34)。可以得出,堆置法处理油污土壤的最佳水平组合为X2Y2Z3,即菌剂浓度5×109 cfu·kg-1,有机质含量为5%,土壤含水量为60%。 相似文献
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The objective of this study was to quantify sorption properties for kerogen/black carbon (BC)-bearing sediments. Single-solute sorption isotherms were measured for five pristine marine sediments using phenanthrene, naphthalene, 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene as the sorbates. The results showed that the sorption isotherms were nonlinear and that the organic carbon normalized single point KOC values were comparable to those reported in the literature for the purified keorgen and BC, but are much higher than the data reported for HA and kerogen/BC-containing terrestrial soils and sediments. It is likely that koergen and BC associated with these pristine marine sediments may not be encapsulated with humic acids or Fe and Mn oxides and hydroxides as often do in terrestrial soils and sediments. As a result, they may be fully accessible to sorbing molecules, exhibiting higher sorption capacities. The study suggests that competition from background HOCs and reduced accessibility when kerogen and BC are associated with terrestrial sediments may dramatically increase variability of sorption reactivities of geosorbents. Such variability may lead to large uncertainties in the prediction of sorption from the contents of kerogen and/or BC along with TOC. 相似文献
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持久性有机污染物分析和处理技术研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述了持久性有机污染物 (POPs)的特性、POPs对人体健康和生态环境的危害及其判定基准 ,综述了其分析和研究方法及治理技术 ,归纳了POPs的研究内容。 相似文献
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Maciej Haranczyk Tomasz Puzyn 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(8):2786-2789
Congeners are molecules based on the same carbon skeleton but different by the number of substituents and/or a substitution pattern. Various Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) exist in the environment as families of halogen substituted congeners and/or their hydroxyl and methoxy substituted derivatives. Numbers of possible congeners resulting from substitution of a parent POP molecule with only one type of chemical group are generally available. At the same time, numbers of mixed-substituent congeners have not been counted and presented yet, although there is an increasing interest in such as is the increasing number of research articles presenting results on already identified Cl−/Br−mixed type congeners and/or their HO-/CH3O-mixed metabolites. We have enumerated and counted possible mixed-substituent congeners of common POPs. This article presents the obtained numbers for congener families of benzene, naphthalene, biphenyl, diphenyl ether, dibenzo-p-dioxin, dibenzofuran, anthracene, pyrene and others and obtained by substitution of up to five chemical group types. 相似文献
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Jiewen Guan Maria Chan J. Lloyd Spencer 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(4):279-284
Composting was investigated as a means for safe disposal of organic waste containing bacteria that carry transgenes in recombinant plasmids. To generate model recombinant plasmids, a mobile IncQ plasmid, RSF1010, and a non-mobile plasmid, pGFP, were genetically modified to carry a DNA segment encoding both green fluorescent protein and kanamycin resistance and were designated as RSF1010-GFPK and pGFPK. Escherichia coli (E. coli) C600 harboring these plasmids were inoculated into chicken manure specimens that were placed in compost at 20 and 60 cm from the bottom of a 1.0-m high compost bin. Control specimens were held at ambient temperature. By day 10, compost temperatures at the lower and upper levels of the bin had reached 45.3 and 61.5°C, respectively, and at both levels the target E. coli had been inactivated and the plasmids had lost their capacity to be transformed or mobilized. Furthermore, based on real time Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the transgene fragments along with the host chromosomal DNA fragment from specimens at the upper level had been degraded beyond the detection limit. However, at the lower level where temperatures remained below 48°C these fragment persisted to day 21. At ambient temperatures (0–8°C), the E. coli, plasmids and the transgene fragments persisted in manure specimens throughout the 21 day test period. The study showed the potential for composting as a safe procedure for disposal of bacteria carrying transgenes in recombinant plasmids. 相似文献