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1.
Xiaoqiang Wang Yanye Zhu Yue Liu Xiaole Weng Zhongbiao Wu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(10):130
2.
Xiaoxiao Yin Junyu Tao Guanyi Chen Xilei Yao Pengpeng Luan Zhanjun Cheng Ning Li Zhongyue Zhou Beibei Yan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(1):6
3.
Yifei SUN Xin FU Wei QIAO Wei WANG Tianle ZHU Xinghua LI 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2013,7(6):827-832
Activated carbon (AC)-supported copper or zinc made from ion exchange resin (IRCu-C and IRZn-C) have an increased metal load of 557.3 mg·g^-1 and 502.8 mg·g^-1 compared to those prepared by the traditional method involving impregnation with AC and copper (II) citrate or zinc citrate solution (LaCu-C and LaZn-C) of 12.9 mg·g^-1 and 46.0 mg·g^-1 respectively. When applied to decompose 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl at 250 ℃, IRCu-C achieved higher activity of 99.0% decomposition efficiency than LaCu-C of 84.7%, IRZn-C of 90.5% and LaZn-C of 62.7%. When the reaction temperature rose to 350 ℃, all the four kinds of reactants can decompose PCB- 153 with efficiency above 90%. Further, X-ray photoelec- tron spectroscopy characterization of IRCu-C before and after the reaction indicated transformation of 19.1% of Cu atoms into Cu^2+, illustrating that Cu is the active ingredient or electron donor promoting the decomposition of PCB- 153. The mechanism underlying this process differs from a traditional H donor. However, there is no significant change on the surface of IRZn-C before and after the reaction, suggesting that Zn acts as catalyst during the process of PCB-153 decomposition. 相似文献
4.
Crude-oil-inundated soils were collected from the Agbada oil field in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria 2 months after the recorded incidence of oil spillage. The soils were taken on the second day of reconnaissance from three replicate quadrats, at surface (0-15 cm) and subsurface (15-30 cm) depths, using the grid sampling technique. The total extractable hydrocarbon content (THC) of the polluted soils ranged from 1.24 × 102 to 3.86 × 104 mg/kg at surface and subsurface depths (no overlap in standard errors at a 95% confidence level). Greenhouse trials for possible reclamation were later carried out using 10-100 g of (NH4)2SO4, KH2PO4 and KCl (NPK) fertilizer as nutrient supplements. Nitrogen as NO3-N and potassium were optimally enhanced at 2% (w/w) and 3% (w/w) of the NPK supplementation, respectively. Phosphorus, which was inherently more enhanced in the soils than the other nutrients, maintained the same level of impact after treatment with 20 g of NPK fertilizer. Total organic carbon (%TOC), total organic matter (%TOM), pH, and percentage moisture content all provided evidence of enhanced mineralization in the fertilizer-treated soils. If reclamation of the crude-oil-inundated soils is construed as the return to normal levels of metabolic activities of the soils, then the application of the inorganic fertilizers at such prescribed levels would duly accelerate the remediation process. However, this would be limited to levels of pollution empirically defined by such THC values obtained in this study. 相似文献
5.
Caiyun Hou Sen Qiao Yue Yang Jiti Zhou 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(6):92
6.
Qishi LUO 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2014,8(2):188-194
The oxidation of aqueous monochlorobenzene (MCB) solutions using thermally- activated persulfate has been investigated. The influence of reaction temperature on the kinetics of MCB oxidation was examined, and the Arrenhius Equation rate constants at 20℃, 30℃, 40℃, 50℃, and 60℃ for MCB oxidation performance were calculated as 0, 0.001, 0.002, 0.015, 0.057 min-1, which indicates that elevated temperature accelerated the rate. The most efficient molar ratio ofpersulfate/MCB for MCB oxidation was determined to be 200 to 1 and an increase in the rate constants suggests that the oxidation process proceeded more rapidly with increasing persulfate/MCB molar ratios. In addition, the reactivity of persulfate in contaminated water is partly influenced by the presence of background ions such as CI-, HCO3, SO2 , and NO3. Importantly, a scavenging effect in rate constant was observed for both C1 and CO2- but not for other ions. The effective thermally activated persulfate oxidation of MCB in groundwater from a real contaminated site was achieved using both elevated reaction temperature and increased persulfate/MCB molar ratio. 相似文献
7.
Jingya SHEN Yuliang SUN Liping HUANG Jinhui YANG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(6):1084-1095
Cobalt and copper recovery from aqueous Co(II) and Cu(II) is one critical step for cobalt and copper wastewaters treatment. Previous tests have primarily examined Cu(II) and Co(II) removal in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) with abiotic cathodes and driven by microbial fuel cell (MFCs). However, Cu(II) and Co(II) removal rates were still slow. Here we report MECs with biocathodes and driven by MFCs where enhanced removal rates of 6.0±0.2 mg?L−1?h−1 for Cu(II) at an initial concentration of 50 mg?L−1 and 5.3±0.4 mg?L−1 h−1 for Co(II) at an initial 40 mg?L−1 were achieved, 1.7 times and 3.3 times as high as those in MECs with abiotic cathodes and driven by MFCs. Species of Cu(II) was reduced to pure copper on the cathodes of MFCs whereas Co(II) was removed associated with microorganisms on the cathodes of the connected MECs. Higher Cu(II) concentrations and smaller working volumes in the cathode chambers of MFCs further improved removal rates of Cu(II) (115.7 mg?L−1?h−1) and Co(II) (6.4 mg?L−1?h−1) with concomitantly achieving hydrogen generation (0.05±0.00 mol?mol−1 COD). Phylogenetic analysis on the biocathodes indicates Proteobacteria dominantly accounted for 67.9% of the total reads, followed by Firmicutes (14.0%), Bacteroidetes (6.1%), Tenericutes (2.5%), Lentisphaerae (1.4%), and Synergistetes (1.0%). This study provides a beneficial attempt to achieve simultaneous enhanced Cu(II) and Co(II) removal, and efficient Cu(II) and Co(II) wastewaters treatment without any external energy consumption. 相似文献
8.
Feng Zhu Zhijian Yao Wenliang Ji Deye Liu Hao Zhang Aimin Li Zongli Huo Qing Zhou 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(3):51
9.
A series of mesocosms was exposed to a suite of light treatments and nutrient enrichment in order to generate algal communities of varying biomass. the influence of this biomass on the speciation of copper (II) was studied. Distribution coefficients (Kd,Lkg-1) were relatively high (logKd = 5 to 7), indicative of robust trace metal sequestration, and were likely controlled by the particulate organic carbon content (foc). Differences in Kd over time and among treatments were significant, as was the relationship between Kd and foc. Fluorescence quenching was used to determine binding capacities (Lt, M) and their associated binding constants (Kcond,M-1) in order to model the solid phase copper speciation. the Kcond ranged between 2.1 and 5.2 × 1012M-1, indicating a very strong copper-ligand complex, and was higher in mesocosms that received more light. the light Lt increased over time, dramatically after the nutrient enrichment, but did not vary systematically among light treatments. Lt ranged from 7.2 × 10- 7 to 4.9 × 10- 5 M. the large magnitudes of Kd, Kcond and Lt ensured that greater than 97% of total copper in the mesocosms was complexed by organic matter. the total copper concentration ([Cu]T, M) needed to reach a target dissolved copper concentration of 10-12.5 M (pCu = 12.5) was determined for each mesocosm over time. [Cu]T was between 8.02 × 10-5 and 3.41 × 10-2 M, and increased over time. the [Cu]T normalized to the target pCu (Effective Dose Ratio, EDR) increased directly with increases in algal biomass, indicating a direct link between system productivity and copper exposure. Approximately 45% of the variance in EDR was explained by variance in total biomass, while the residual variance in EDR was due likely to differences in the strengths of particle associations and magnitude of binding capacities. 相似文献
10.
Gefu ZHU Chaoxiang LIU Jianzheng LI Nanqi REN Lin LIU Xu HUANG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2013,7(1):143-150
A low pH, ethanol-type fermentation process was evaluated for wastewater treatment and bio-hydrogen production from acidic beet sugar factory wastewater in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with an effective volume of 9.6 L by anaerobic mixed cultures in this present study. After inoculating with aerobic activated sludge and operating at organic loading rate (OLR) of 12 kgCOD?m-3·d-1, HRT of 8h, and temperature of 35°C for 28 days, the CSTR achieved stable ethanol-type fermentation. When OLR was further increased to 18 kgCOD?m-3·d-1 on the 53rd day, ethanol-type fermentation dominant microflora was enhanced. The liquid fermentation products, including volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and ethanol, stabilized at 1493 mg·L-1 in the bioreactor. Effluent pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and alkalinity ranged at 4.1–4.5, -250–(-290) mV, and 230–260 mgCaCO3?L-1. The specific hydrogen production rate of anaerobic activated sludge was 0.1 L?gMLVSS-1·d-1 and the COD removal efficiency was 45%. The experimental results showed that the CSTR system had good operation stability and microbial activity, which led to high substrate conversion rate and hydrogen production ability. 相似文献
11.
Huan HE Bo TANG Cheng SUN Shaogui YANG Weijuan ZHENG Zichun HUA 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(3):409-416
High-affinity and specific monoclonal antibodies against cadmium-ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) complex have been produced using the hybridoma technique. A hapten was synthesized and characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and UV-Vis. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for quantitative detection of cadmium in aqueous sample was developed. The monoclonal antibody with high level of binding affinity for Cd-IEDTA-BSA and high specificity for soluble Cd-EDTA complex showed less than 0.99% cross-reactivity with other 11 metals. The limit of detection was 0.10 μg·L-1, and the effective linear range was 10-1–103 μg·L-1. The intra- and inter-assay coefficient variations were 1.5%–6.3% and 3.2%–7.4%, respectively. The spike recovery in different water samples were between 98.5% and 110.3%. The detection limit of this assay was well below the allowable concentration of cadmium (3 μg·L-1), and the working range was wider than that of other methods which showed the range of 2.19–86.38 and 0–103 μg·L-1. The competitive ELISA established in this paper was sensitive and accurate in the screening of cadmium in aqueous samples. The results will lay a solid foundation for construction of an immunoassay kit for cadmium. 相似文献
12.
Yingwu Wang Ping Ning Ruheng Zhao Kai Li Chi Wang Xin Sun Xin Song Qiang Lin 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(6):132
13.
台湾海峡水域的β—葡萄糖苷酶活性 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本研究分别在1997年8月10日至8月19日,1998年2月20日至3月7日,对台湾海峡进行现场调查研究,在九个断面20个站位取得水文、化学和生物学综合参数,研究该海域β-葡萄糖苷酶活性(βGlcA),细菌生物量及生产力的时空动态,主要结果如下①夏季台湾海峡南部各站位βGlcA的值为1.94mmol/L^-1h^-1,变化幅度大于(0.31-8.1nmol/L^-1h^-1;冬季海峡北部βGlcA平均值为0.86nmol/L^-1h^-1,变化幅度大(0.34-1.89nmol/L^-1h^-1)远小于夏季。②以碳的转化量表示,夏冬两季的βGlcA分别为0.14μgL6-1h^-1和0.062μgL6-1h^-1,分别高于这两个季节的细菌生产力。③从离岸到近岸,细菌胞外酶活性升高。④该海域胞牙酶活性与细菌的二次生产力的相关性不够明显。⑤βGlcA的剖面分布及周日变化与细菌生产力的相关性不很明显。⑥表层水游离态的细菌的βGlcA,在整个海区的分布特征与该水层的总βGlcA分布特征相似。 相似文献
14.
Qing YE Donghui LI Jun ZHAO Jiansheng ZHAO Tianfang KANG Shuiyuan CHENG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(4):497-504
Au-supported 13X-type zeolite (Au/13X) was synthesized using a common deposition–precipitation (DP) method with a solution of sodium carbonate as a precipitate agent. Further testing was conducted to test for catalytic oxidation of CO. A study was conducted on the effects of different preparation conditions (i.e., chloroauric acid concentration, solution temperature, pH of solution, and calcinations temperature) on Au/13X for CO oxidation. In respect to the catalytic activity, the relationship between different the preparation conditions and gold particles in 13X zeolite was analyzed using X-ray diffraction, TEM and XPS. The activity of Au/13X catalysts in CO oxidation was dependent on the chloroauric acid concentration. From XRD results, a higher chloroauric acid concentration induced larger gold nanoparticles, which resulted in lower catalytic activity. Results revealed that higher temperatures induced higher Au loading, homogeneous deposit, and smaller gold clusters on the support of 13X, resulting in higher CO activity. Furthermore, a pH of 5 or 6 generated greater amounts of Au loading and smaller Au particles on 13X than at a pH of 8 or 9. This may be a result of an effective exchange between A u ( O H ) 2 C l 2 - and Au(OH)3Cl- on specific surface sites of zeolite under the pH’s 5 and 6. The sample calcined at 300°C showed the highest activity, which may be due to the sample’s calcined at 200°C inability to decompose completely to metallic gold while the sample calcined at 400°C had larger particles of gold deposited on the support. It can be concluded from this study that Au/13X prepared from a gold solution with an initial chloroauric acid solution concentration of 1.5 × 10-3 mol·L-1 gold solution pH of 6, solution temperature of around 90°C, and a calcination temperature of 300°C provides optimum catalytic activity for CO oxidation. 相似文献
15.
Lanhe Zhang Jing Zheng Jingbo Guo Xiaohui Guan Suiyi Zhu Yanping Jia Jian Zhang Xiaoyu Zhang Haifeng Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(6):85
16.
Liyun Song Shilin Deng Chunyi Bian Cui Liu Zongcheng Zhan Shuangye Li Jian Li Xing Fan Hong He 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(8):96
17.
A. Zsolnay 《Marine Biology》1973,21(1):13-18
During the September 1971 cruise of F. K. Alkor in the central Baltic Sea, the surface or summer water layer down to a depth of about 30 m was found to contain 187.4 g/l of particulate organic carbon, with a C:N (atoms) ratio of 8.97. This carbon was 44% (89.9 g/l) labile to bacterial decomposition, as determined by burning an aliquot of each sample in a CHN-analyser before and after maintenance in nutrientenriched sea water at 20°C for 3 months. The particulate material from the intermediate or winter water layer, with a depth ranging from 30 to 70 m, contained only 48% (43.1 g/l) of the labile carbon found in the summer surface layer, and had a significantly higher C:N ratio (11.25). These two facts indicate that a considerable breakdown of the organic material had taken place. The material, removed from the particulate state during this process, was 48% (89.7 g/l) of the original total particulate carbon, and was relatively nitrogen-rich, with a C:N ratio of 6.49. In this material, 52% (46.8 g/l) of the organic carbon was labile. The particulate material in the rest of the water column showed no significant changes until it reached the sediment. The slurry immediately above the sediment had a C:N ratio of 9.15, indicating the introduction of nitrogen from either dissolved or colloidal material. Labile carbon (44% of the total) was also present in sufficient quantities to support life and to make this an important diagenetic site. 相似文献
18.
Earlier papers indicated that the first incident of green discoloration in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and the mass mortality observed in 1986 along the Taiwan Erhjin Chi coastal area were caused by the higher contents of total copper and copper species (mainly bioavailable and free ion) in sea water. the copper in sea water would be sorbed by suspended matter and transferred to sediments, and the copper in the sediments would also be desorbed to sea water. Processes of copper adsorption and desorption are the major factors influencing the contents of total copper and copper species in sea water and sediments. in this study, the Erhjin Chi sediments were mixed with sea water by a shaker technique. When the mixture was shaken for one hour, analogous to tidal mixing in estuaries, only copper desorption from sediments was observed. If the shaking time is increased for more than 3 hours, the copper released from the sediments was resorbed to the remaining solid phases. the higher the contents of mud (91.71%) and total copper (701 mg kg-1) in sediments, the higher the copper desorption rate (1.86 ppm hr-1) and copper adsorption rate (0.50 ppm hr-1) were observed. in sediments containing lower mud (0.80%) and lower copper (43.5 mg kg-1), the copper desorption and adsorption rates were 0.83 ppm hr-1 and 0.22 ppm hr-1, respectively. the interactions among the total copper and copper species in sea water and sediments, chemical and ecological parameters, and copper bioaccumulation in oysters in the Erhjin Chi estuarine and coastal area are also discussed. 相似文献
19.
Xi Luo Ao Li Xue Xia Peng Liang Xia Huang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(9):108
20.
Hong YAO Hao LIU Yongmiao HE Shujun ZHANG Peizhe SUN Chinghua HUANG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2012,6(6):875-883
A pilot-scale anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) reactor was used to treat mixed wastewater resulting from a chlortetracycline and starch production process. The results, collected over the course of 272 days, show that the ratio of influent ammonium to nitrite, pH, and temperature can all affect the efficiency of nitrogen removal. The ratio of influent ammonium to nitrite was maintained at about 1:1 at a concentration below 200 mg·L-1 for both influent ammonium and nitrite. The total nitrogen (TN) loading rate was 0.15–0.30 kgN·m-3·d-1, pH remained at 7.8–8.5, and temperature was recorded at 33±1°C. The rate of removal of ammonia, nitrite, and TN were over 90%, 90%, and 80%, and the effluent ammonium, nitrite and TN concentrations were below 50, 30, and 100 mg·L-1. 相似文献